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Workshop on Decontamination, Cleanup and Associated Issues for Sites Contaminated with Chemical, Biological, or Radiological Materials
Workshop on Decontamination, Cleanup and Associated Issues for Sites Contaminated with Chemical, Biological, or Radiological Materials
Much valuable info. {Chlorine dioxide gas treatment "yellowed wall paint and corroded aluminum."} {Re. decontamination of Hart building from anthrax. "Obtaining insurance also contributed significantly to project delays... A public relations firm provided community relations support. In addition, the project had the mayor’s support. Sabre was open about their activities and made themselves available to community groups and media outlets. Sabre held process demonstrations and arranged a round-table discussion for the community the day before the scheduled fumigation."} {"...decisions about reoccupation are made by the local health agencies, so CDC responses to an incident must be carefully crafted and must respect the command structure."} { "...evaluating active moieties in uniforms for personal protection. Catalysts, such as metal oxides, activated carbon, and polyoxometalates would be included in uniform fabrics to improve personnel protection from chemical agents vapors."} {"...found that the hydrogen peroxide concentration decreases as a function of flow rate,temperature, and distance traveled along the ductwork. These results indicate a need for increased injection rates or multiple injection points. Condensation is a concern when increasing the injection rate. } {"...identified significant materials effects for ozone and chlorine dioxide, significant disinfectant effects, significant concentration effects, rapid decay in consumption rates (for ozone and chlorine dioxide), and non-zero endpoints...Ceiling tiles and office partitions continued to be consumers of chlorine dioxide and ozone throughout the disinfection phase... " "...was tested to prove that *chlorine* gas was not formed."}
·hsdl.org·
Workshop on Decontamination, Cleanup and Associated Issues for Sites Contaminated with Chemical, Biological, or Radiological Materials
DetailKing Chlorine Dioxide Vapor Generator
DetailKing Chlorine Dioxide Vapor Generator
Chlorine Dioxide Cup Odor Removal System releases 15 to 20 ppm (parts per million) for the first two hours, and 5 ppm for another hour. After 5-6 hours, there will be zero ppm in your vehicle.
·store.detailking.com·
DetailKing Chlorine Dioxide Vapor Generator
Ozone vs Chlorine Dioxide for odor removal
Ozone vs Chlorine Dioxide for odor removal
Learn more about why the NonScents Pro team uses chlorine dioxide instead of ozone gas to fight odors at the source. Contact us today to learn more or to schedule odor removal services in Phoenix or San Diego!
·nonscentspro.com·
Ozone vs Chlorine Dioxide for odor removal
Development of an online biosensor for in situ monitoring of chlorine dioxide gas disinfection efficacy
Development of an online biosensor for in situ monitoring of chlorine dioxide gas disinfection efficacy
A prototype bioluminescence-based biosensor was designed and constructed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of chlorine dioxide (ClO{sub 2}) gas under various treatment conditions. The biosensor consisted of a bioluminescent bioreporter (Pseudomonas fluorescens 5RL), an optical transducer (photomultiplier tube), and a light-tight chamber housing, the bioreporter and the transducer. The bioluminescent recombinant P. fluorescens 5RL in the biosensor allowed for online monitoring of bioluminescence during ClO{sub 2} gas disinfection. Experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of th...
·osti.gov·
Development of an online biosensor for in situ monitoring of chlorine dioxide gas disinfection efficacy
Kinetics of Inactivation of Bacillus subtilis subsp. niger Spores and Staphylococcus albus on Paper by Chlorine Dioxide Gas in an Enclosed Space
Kinetics of Inactivation of Bacillus subtilis subsp. niger Spores and Staphylococcus albus on Paper by Chlorine Dioxide Gas in an Enclosed Space
Bacillus subtilis subsp. niger spore and Staphylococcus albus are typical biological indicators for the inactivation of airborne pathogens. The present study characterized and compared the behaviors of B. subtilis subsp. niger spores and S. albus in regard ...
·ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Kinetics of Inactivation of Bacillus subtilis subsp. niger Spores and Staphylococcus albus on Paper by Chlorine Dioxide Gas in an Enclosed Space
Chlorine Dioxide Gas Sterilization under Square-Wave Conditions
Chlorine Dioxide Gas Sterilization under Square-Wave Conditions
Experiments were designed to study chlorine dioxide (CD) gas sterilization under square-wave conditions. By using controlled humidity, gas concentration, and temperature at atmospheric pressure, standard biological indicators (BIs) and spore disks of environmental isolates were exposed to CD gas. The sporicidal activity of CD gas was found to be concentration dependent. *Prehumidification enhanced the CD activity.* The D values (time required for 90% inactivation) of Bacillus subtilis subsp. niger ATCC 9372 BIs were estimated to be 1.5, 2.5, and 4.2 min when exposed to CD concentrations of 30, 15, and 7 mg/liter, respectively, at 23°C and ambient (20 to 40%) relative humidity (RH). Survivor tailings were observed. Prehumidification of BIs to 70 to 75% RH in an environmental chamber for 30 min resulted in a D value of 1.6 min after exposure to a concentration of 6 to 7 mg of CD per liter at 23°C and eliminated survivor tailing. Prolonging prehumidification at 70 to 75% RH for up to 16 h did not further improve the inactivation rate. Prehumidification by ultrasonic nebulization was found to be more effective than prehumidification in the environmental chamber. Based on the current observations, CD gas is estimated, on a molar concentration basis, to be 1,075 times more potent than ethylene oxide as a sterilant at 30°C.
·ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Chlorine Dioxide Gas Sterilization under Square-Wave Conditions
Effect of Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide on Indoor Microbial Contaminants, bioaerosols
Effect of Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide on Indoor Microbial Contaminants, bioaerosols
****** "ClO2 gas was effective in reducing culturable and total fungi and bacteria in indoor air. The reduction of total count on surfaces was less efficient. The treatment process appeared to have no effect or increase the concentrations of endotoxin and (133)--D-glucan, which have been associated with respiratory symptoms in some individuals." "Endotoxin concentrations before and after ClO2 treatment were 10.32 and 18.59 endotoxin units per cubicmeter (EU/m3), respectively. Paired tests comparing endotoxin concentrations before and after treatment showed no significant difference. " "House tented decontamination: Greater than 650 ppm in air for 12.5 hours" "Both the total microscopic count and the PCR count obtained for air samples decreased significantly. This could be caused by direct reduction of spores in the air or reduction of spores on surfaces that would serve as the source for the airborne spores. However, no decrease was observed in the semiquantitative analysis of amount of spores and hyphae in the stickytape samples collected from surfaces."
·tandfonline.com·
Effect of Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide on Indoor Microbial Contaminants, bioaerosols
Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide as an Alternative for Bedbug Control
Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide as an Alternative for Bedbug Control
"The gas was absorbed by the activated char-coal, and no liquid or other material was generated. The gaswas cleared from the room during the aeration process inapproximately 30 minutes to the safe concentration of 0.1ppm; however, the smell of the gas was present in the roomfor 2–3 hours following completion of the protocol."
·clordisys.com·
Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide as an Alternative for Bedbug Control
Evaluation of ambulance decontamination using gaseous chlorine dioxide
Evaluation of ambulance decontamination using gaseous chlorine dioxide
{Used ClorDiSys equipment} 315 ppmmaintained to an exposure of 479 ppm-hours with 65% RH failed to inactivate all five organisms, including both spores and vegetative cells, in the ambulance. Trial 4, maintaining 695 ppm ClO2to 756 ppm-hourswith 55% RH, was sufficient for complete inactivationofA. baumanniiandM. smegmatis vegetative cells within the ambulance, but failed to achieve total inacti-vation ofB. anthracis and B. atrophaeusspores as well as S. aureus vegetative cells located inside the closed cabinet" "The ClO2 gas generator uses a five-phase programmable decontamination protocol to include: 1) preconditioning phase, when the RH is elevated to a specified level and the environment is checked for leaks; 2) conditioning phase, where the desirable RH is maintained for a specified time; 3) charge phase, where the ClO2 gas is generated to a target concentration; 4) exposure phase, where the target concentration of ClO2 is maintained to the specified exposure time; and 5) aeration phase, where the ClO2 is removed from the decontamination area"
·nasemso.org·
Evaluation of ambulance decontamination using gaseous chlorine dioxide
Chlorine dioxide reactions with indoor materials during building disinfection: surface uptake - PubMed
Chlorine dioxide reactions with indoor materials during building disinfection: surface uptake - PubMed
Chlorine dioxide received attention as a building disinfectant in the wake of Bacillus anthracis contamination of several large buildings in the fall of 2001. It is increasingly used for the disinfection of homes and other indoor environments afflicted by mold. However, little is known regarding the …
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Chlorine dioxide reactions with indoor materials during building disinfection: surface uptake - PubMed
Systematic Evaluation of the Efficacy of Chlorine Dioxide in Decontamination of Building Interior Surfaces Contaminated with Anthrax Spores
Systematic Evaluation of the Efficacy of Chlorine Dioxide in Decontamination of Building Interior Surfaces Contaminated with Anthrax Spores
Efficacy of chlorine dioxide (CD) gas generated by *two distinct generation systems*, Sabre (wet system with gas generated in water) and ClorDiSys (dry system with gas generated in air), was evaluated for inactivation of Bacillus anthracis spores on six ...
·ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Systematic Evaluation of the Efficacy of Chlorine Dioxide in Decontamination of Building Interior Surfaces Contaminated with Anthrax Spores
************ Low-cost, Small-scale Decontamination of Laboratory Equipment by Using Chlorine Dioxide Gas
************ Low-cost, Small-scale Decontamination of Laboratory Equipment by Using Chlorine Dioxide Gas
*********** A significant concern in laboratory animal medicine is contamination due to pathogen outbreaks and how to adequately decontaminate small equipment. Many factors play a role in the selection of the decontamination method including cost, efficacy, personnel ...
·ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
************ Low-cost, Small-scale Decontamination of Laboratory Equipment by Using Chlorine Dioxide Gas
Use of cl02 in chicken hatcheries - Slide presentation
Use of cl02 in chicken hatcheries - Slide presentation
2000-G chlorine dioxide slow-release gas sachets used. "Generally, embryos are negatively affected by early continuous exposure to ClO2. The adverse effect decreases at later stages of development of embryo. Treatment of hatching eggs in the Treatment of hatching eggs in the hatcher (18-21 days) proven to be safe. Short (12 hour) treatment of eggs in the setter, every time a new batch of eggs is moved in, seems to be also safe. Treatment with the levels of ClO2 safe for eggs seems to be effective in control of Aspergillus contamination."
·icatrinova.com·
Use of cl02 in chicken hatcheries - Slide presentation
Evaluation of chlorine dioxide gas release rates from dry precursors intended for applied technologies under disparate conditions and their effects on Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes
Evaluation of chlorine dioxide gas release rates from dry precursors intended for applied technologies under disparate conditions and their effects on Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes
The diverse food safety issues facing developed countries require innovations to current food safety intervention technologies and chemistries. Severa…
·sciencedirect.com·
Evaluation of chlorine dioxide gas release rates from dry precursors intended for applied technologies under disparate conditions and their effects on Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes
Review of Decontamination Techniques for the Inactivation of Bacillus anthracis and Other Spore-Forming Bacteria Associated with Building or Outdoor Materials
Review of Decontamination Techniques for the Inactivation of Bacillus anthracis and Other Spore-Forming Bacteria Associated with Building or Outdoor Materials
****!!!!****!!!!**** "Spray-applied solutions of ClO2 at measured concentrations of 3000−4000 ppm were effective against B. anthracis on several nonporous building surfaces but ineffective or not consistently effective on porous surfaces and soils" "If porous materials (carpet and particle board) were immersed in a 1000 ppm, 6 LR of B. anthracis was achieved. Improved effcacy through immersion at a lower concentration suggests that the limited effcacy of spray-applied liquids could be due to spray-application parameters (e.g., droplet size or insuffcient number of applications). ****!!!!!*** Perhaps ClO2 in the aqueous phase could be lost through volatilization from spray droplets or from the wetted surface during the application." "Aqueous solutions of ClO2 5000− 6000 mg/L were produced via easy-use product with sodium chlorite and sodium bisulfate. When applied as a ***fog,*** the ClO2 solutions were effective on a number of materials." "spore populations of B. subtilis... effective decontamination using ClO2 gas levels ranging from 350 to 750 ppm. In a series of six small-chamber experiments conducted at either 100 or 200 ppm of ClO2 (75% RH, 24 °C; CTs ranging from 2 to 12 h), several building materials were effectively decontaminated" "aqueous ClO2 can be generated electrochemically using sodium chlorite and sodium bromide." "relatively cooler temperature that may be encountered in a subway system (11 °C), the lower temperature greatly diminished the decontamination effcacy128 In this same study, lowering RH from 75 to 50% (at 24 °C) also greatly reduced effcacy."
·ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Review of Decontamination Techniques for the Inactivation of Bacillus anthracis and Other Spore-Forming Bacteria Associated with Building or Outdoor Materials
Chlorine Dioxide CIO2 Odor Eliminator | Biocide Systems™
Chlorine Dioxide CIO2 Odor Eliminator | Biocide Systems™
Biocide Systems™ provides natural effective products containing CIO2 to eliminate the toughest odors such as urine, mildew, & cigarettes in autos, homes, apartments, & RVs.
·biocidesystems.com·
Chlorine Dioxide CIO2 Odor Eliminator | Biocide Systems™
Efficacy of aerosolized chlorine dioxide in reducing pathogenic bacteria on washed carrots - PubMed
Efficacy of aerosolized chlorine dioxide in reducing pathogenic bacteria on washed carrots - PubMed
{300-400 ppm aerosolized CD for up to 30 mins} This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of aerosolized chlorine dioxide (ClO2) in reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes on washed carrots at various time durations and conditions. Populations of the bacteria on ca …
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Efficacy of aerosolized chlorine dioxide in reducing pathogenic bacteria on washed carrots - PubMed
Sanitizing radish seeds by simultaneous treatments with gaseous chlorine dioxide, high relative humidity, and mild heat
Sanitizing radish seeds by simultaneous treatments with gaseous chlorine dioxide, high relative humidity, and mild heat
"Greater amounts of gaseous ClO2 were measured at 23% RH than at 100% RH; however, the lethal activity of gaseous ClO2 against naturally occurring mesophilic aerobic bacteria was significantly enhanced at 100% RH." "Gaseous ClO2 was produced in higher amounts at 55 °C than at 25 °C, but decreased more rapidly over time. The lethal activity of gaseous ClO2 against MAB on radish seeds was greater at 55 °C than at 25 °C."
·sciencedirect.com·
Sanitizing radish seeds by simultaneous treatments with gaseous chlorine dioxide, high relative humidity, and mild heat