Air CD Disinf--Low Concentrations

"supplying chlorine dioxide gas into a space where floating virus can be present by a gas concentration which allows the animal to live or stay, but deactivates the virus."

{In spray can}

Get perpetually cleaner air with our Slow-Release Products... Here are just a few application suggestions: Gel Kit - sports lockers, fitness rooms, restroom, changing areas, closets. 20 Gram Granule Sachets -  gym bags, suitcases, refrigerators*, small vehicles, storage bins, cabinets, laundry closets, diaper pails, etc. 50 Gram Granule Sachets - strategic placement in locker…

Clodos Technology Ecuador, Quito. 131 likes. Dióxido de Cloro Puro y Estable 100% EFECTIVO en el control y eliminación de microorganismos, transmitidos por el agua y bacterias formadoras de esporas,...

"The emergent human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and its high infectivity rate has highlighted the strong need for new disinfection systems. Evidence has proven that airborne transmission is an important route of spreading for this virus."

****!!!!**** "We demonstrated here that ClO[2] gas is easily generated by mixing 3.35% sodium chlorite solution (Purogene) and 85% phosphoric acid at a 10:1 volume ratio..." "Under high-humidity (approximately 80% relative humidity), colony formation of both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was completely inhibited by ClO2 gas exposure at 1.0 ml/m3 sodium chlorite solution (mean maximal concentration of 3.0 ppm). Exposure at 4.0 ml/m3 sodium chlorite solution (mean maximal concentration of 10.6 ppm) achieved complete inactivation of Bacillus atrophaeus spores. In contrast, without humidification, the efficacy of ClO2 gas was apparently attenuated, suggesting that the atmospheric moisture is indispensable. Delicate electronic devices (computer, camera, etc.) operated normally, even after being subjected to more than 20 times of fumigation."

Drug facts, interactions, warnings, dosage for chlorine dioxide air disinfectant by manufactured/distributed by Chengdu Xinyi Kaiwei Medical Equipment Co., Ltd.

****!!!!****!!!!*** "One of Raytec's patents covers the use of dry-media chlorine dioxide in air filtration systems. These systems use a multi-stage oxidizing process, which allows for the decontamination of air and the discharge of clean air without residual chemicals. Raytec has built and tested several of these filters,which can be used as a continuous treatment process in buildings, homes, malls, airplanes and any other environments where indoor air quality is of concern." "The main application for Raytec's tea bag technology is as a wash to sanitize produce and other products suspected to be contaminated with bacteria of any kind."

"American Foulbrood Disease devastates honey bee hives by infecting and propagating in developing honey bee larvae. Although the disease has been characterized for decades, treatment strategies outside of burning infected hives do not exist. This study was conducted to determine whether chlorine dioxide gas kills spores of the honey bee pathogen, Paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of American Foulbrood Disease. Chlorine dioxide was highly effective at preventing germination of spores suspended in water and spores adhered to pine, steel, and bees wax" "Sporicidal efficacy was dependent on treatment time and gas concentration with effective ClO2 concentrations of 645 ng/ml for 30 min, 195 ng/ml for 1 h, 21 ng/ml for 2 h, or 16 ng/ml for 4 h. Treatment of surfaces with 230 ng/ml ClO2 for one h or 195 ng/ml ClO2 for 2 h completely inactivated P. larvae spores. "

An allergen inactivating agent for preventing allergic manifestations or alleviating symptoms by reducing antigenicity of an allergen through contact with the allergen includes dissolved chlorine dioxide as an active ingredient. "0] For the concentration of chlorine dioxide that reduces the antigenicity of the allergen, from 0.05 ppm to 1 ppm is preferable, from 0.1 ppm to 1 ppm is more preferable, and from 0.1 ppm to 0.6 ppm is still more preferable. When the concentration is above 1 ppm, a safety problem may occur, and when below 0.05 ppm, effects as expected may not be obtained. Example of the forms of application include a nasal lavage fluid, collyrium, eye-drop, nasal solution (nasal spray), spray for throat, liniment for throat, and gargle. Specifically, it is possible to prevent allergic manifestations and alleviate allergic symptoms, by inactivating the allergen with the dissolved chlorine dioxide and washing down the allergen with the agent as wash solution, and thus by suppressing the amount of the allergen to a threshold or less. For example, an appropriate amount of the dissolved chlorine dioxide (aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide) having the concentration of from 0.1 ppm to 0.6 ppm may be applied externally as the nasal lavage fluid, collyrium, gargle or the like, 3 to 6 times per day." "to thereby obtain 1,000 ml of an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide including chlorine dioxide gas dissolved therein, sodium chlorite, and sodium dihydrogenphosphate."

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"this studyinvestigated the efficiency of gaseous ClO2application for disinfecting broiler houses bycollecting air samples before and after fumigation using a passive method. Fumigation wasperformed with 125 mL or 250 mL of ClO2 liquid (containing 2,000 ppm of ClO2)" "Air samples were collectedat 10 min, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h before and after fumigation to evaluate the air quality in termsof the concentration ofE. coliandSalmonella."

****!!!!****!!!*** "A single ClO2 application was found to reduce the bacterial and fungal concentration levels by as much as 65% and 30%, respectively. By contrast, a twice-daily ClO2 application was found to reduce the bacterial and fungal concentration levels by as much as 74% and 38%, respectively. The statistical analysis results showed that the residual bacterial concentration level was determined primarily by the number of individuals present in the cafeteria, the temperature, and the ClO2 concentration, whereas the residual fungal concentration level was determined mainly by the temperature, the total number of suspended particles, and the ClO2 concentration."

****!!!!****!!!!*** {Original paper at https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/yakushi/127/4/127_4_773/_pdf} "The efficacy of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) gas at very low concentrations for hyphal growth of Alternaria alternata related to fungal allergy was evaluated... ClO2 gas (average 0.075 ppm, 0.21mg/l) inhibited hyphal growth of the fungus, but not germination of fungal spores. The hyphal length was more than 1780mm under air conditions(control)and 49±17mm unde rClO2 gas conditions for 72 h. According to the international chemical safety card, threshold limit values for ClO2 gas are 0.1 ppm as an 8-h time-weight average and 0.3 ppm as a 15 min short-term exposure limit. From these data, we propose that treatment with ClO2 gas at very low concentrations in space is a useful tool for the growth inhibition of fungi in the fields of food, medicine,etc. without adverse eŠects"

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****!!!!*** {Original visuals at https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsei/25/5/25_5_277/_pdf/-char/en} "The preventive effect against influenza-like illness by low-concentration chlorine dioxide gas was examined among Japan Ground Self Defense Force soldiers and civilians at a particular camp assigned for this study. The chlorine dioxide gas-exposed group consisted of all individuals who worked in a particular building, and the unexposed group consisted of all individuals who worked in the neighboring building. After this trial, a questionnaire survey was carried out to establish the demographic data of each group, how many members had influenza-like illness in each group, and how many members were immunized against influenza. The results showed that the relative risk of influenza-like illness after chlorine dioxide gas exposure was 0.32 (95% confidence interval between 0.15 and 0.69), although the vaccination rate in the exposed group was lower than the unexposed group. This result suggests that chlorine dioxide gas has preventive effects against influenzalike illness."

"Sanitary and hygienic studies were carried out to assess the real danger of finely dispersed chlorine dioxide aerosols when processing air in rooms for personnel of medical organizations. High concentrations of chlorine dioxide are retained in the air during exposure and removed after ventilation. Evaluation of the safety of the use of three "sachets", which, upon activation, emit chlorine dioxide in the form of vapor, was carried out on white rats, taking into account various toxicity indicators. Recommended for use in the adult population."

"emitting stably gaseous chlorine dioxide for a long period and excellent in deodorizing plus sterilization effect by flocculating the mixture of high-water absorbable resin, an adhesive, chlorine dioxide and water. "

"treated at 228C and 90 to 95% relative humidity with 0.2 to 4.0 mg/liter ClO2gas for 15 or 30 min using a batchtreatment system or with 0.6, 1.8, and 3.0 mg/liter for 10 min using a continuous treatment system" "A batch treatment of strawberrieswith 4 mg/liter ClO2for 30 min and continuous treatment with 3 mg/liter ClO2for 10 min achieved greater than a 5-logreduction for bothE. coliO157:H7 andL. monocytogenes."

Companies that manufacture the air-purifier packages claim they can offer protection against airborne afflictions such as influenza, cold and flu, allergy, but not Covid.

Cleverin brand chlorine dioxide hand sanitizer and air stick (slow-release chlorine dioxide)

{Uses vaporized hydrogen peroxide}

****!!!!****!!!** 2015 "When disinfecting some large public places such as stations and exhibition centers, the traditional air disinfection methods cannot be disinfected when personnel are not evacuated, which has certain limitations. In view of the characteristics of chlorine dioxide being harmless to human body at low concentration, obvious disinfection effect and no residual pollutants, the shortcomings of traditional disinfection methods can be overcome, and a dynamic disinfection system with chlorine dioxide as the disinfection medium is designed."

2019

****!!!!****!!!! 2008. {As a relevant additional finding, this study indicates also that chlorine dioxide was not effective as a nebulization treatment for flu under the test conditions} "A virus was prevented by chlorine dioxide gas at an extremely low concentration (below the long-term permissible exposure level to humans, namely 0.1 ppm). Mice in semi-closed cages were exposed to aerosols of influenza A virus (1 LD(50)) and 0.03 ppm ClO2 gas simultaneously for 15 min. Three days after exposure, pulmonary virus titre (TCID(50)) was 10(2.6+/-1.5) in five mice treated with ClO(2), whilst it was 10(6.7+/-0.2) in five mice that had not been treated). Cumulative mortality after 16 days was 0/10 mice treated with ClO(2) and 7/10 mice that had not been treated." "ClO2 gas inactivated the virus before it entered the lungs, but that it lacked the ability to inactivate viruses thathad already entered the lungs and established infection" "In in vitro experiments, ClO(2) denatured viral envelope proteins (haemagglutinin and neuraminidase) that are indispensable for infectivity of the virus, and abolished infectivity." "When the diameter of the aerosol is in the range 1–10 micrometers, as in the present experiment, equilibrium is reached within 1 min. We also found that Henry’s equilibrium gas constant k regarding the ClO2–water equilibrium, namely k in the above equation, was 3.9 x 10-5 mol 1-1 Pa-1" "This suggests further that the influenza A virus is inactivated at 0.12 micromolar ClO2 in water [Note: Molar concentration is measured as the ratio of the amount of substance in moles to the total volume of the solution]" "Taken together, we conclude that ClO(2) gas is effective at preventing aerosol-induced influenza virus infection in mice by denaturing viral envelope proteins at a concentration well below the permissible exposure level to humans. ClO(2) gas could therefore be useful as a preventive means against influenza in places of human activity without necessitating evacuation."