Air CD Disinf--Low Concentrations

******!!!!!******** "Organic films are probably common on atmospheric aerosol particles and that they may occur under certain circumstances on fog droplets, cloud droplets, and snowflakes. If present, they will increase the lifetimes of aerosol particles, fog droplets, and cloud droplets, both by inhibiting water vapor evaporation and by reducing the efficiency with which these atmospheric components are scavenged. The presence of the films will not cause a significant reduction of solar radiation within the aqueous solution. It appears likely, however, that the transport of gaseous molecules into and out of the aqueous solution will be impeded by factors of several hundred or more when organic films are present. Since incorporated gas molecules provide much of the oxidizing potential of atmospheric water droplets, the organic films will play a major role in droplet chemistry by strongly inhibiting solution oxidation."

The invention discloses a kind of smell is thin, strength properties are stable, the duration is long, slow-release solid chlorine dioxide propellant easy to use and preparation method thereof.Slow-release solid chlorine dioxide propellant is made up of the component of following mass fraction：15~25 parts of sodium chlorite, 10~20 parts of urea nitrate, 40~50 parts of medical stone, 4~8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4~8 parts of calcium sulfate, 3~8 parts of super absorbent resin, 2~6 parts of beta cyclodextrin.Its preparation method is：Medical stone is broken into little particle, activated ...

"A TWA is the average exposure over a specified period, usually a nominal eight hours. This means that, for limited periods, a worker may be exposed to concentration excursions higher than the PEL, so long as the TWA is not exceeded and any applicable excursion limit is not exceeded. An excursion limit typically means that "...worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the PEL-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a workday, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the PEL-TWA, provided that the PEL-TWA is not exceeded."...A short-term exposure limit is one that addresses the average exposure over a 15-30 minute period of maximum exposure during a single work shift. A ceiling limit is one that may not be exceeded for any time"

" I have assumed that you are speaking to the permissible exposure limit (PEL) for a single air contaminant over an extended workshift rather than calculating a PEL for multiple chemical exposures with synergistic or additive effects. OSHA has only two standards that specifically allow an adjustment to the PEL based upon the number of hours worked. Those two standards include 29 CFR 1910.1025 and 1926.62 - both for occupational lead exposure. No other OSHA PEL has taken this approach. All of the other OSHA PELs are based upon an 8-hour time weighted average (TWA) exposure limit, a short term exposure limit (STEL) or a ceiling exposure limit. Some contaminants may have multiple exposure limits depending upon the nature of the hazardous chemical."

****!!!!****!!! "The efficacy of chlorine dioxide (ClO(2)) gas at very low concentrations for hyphal growth of Alternaria alternata related to fungal allergy was evaluated using a fungus detector. The fungus detector is a plastic sheet with a drop of spore-suspending medium, and it makes possible clear observations of hyphal growth with a light microscope. ClO(2) gas (average 0.075 ppm, 0.21 microg/l) inhibited hyphal growth of the fungus, but not germination of fungal spores. The hyphal length was more than 1780 mum under air conditions (control) and 49+/-17 microm under ClO(2) gas conditions for 72 h. According to the international chemical safety card, threshold limit values for ClO(2) gas are 0.1 ppm as an 8-h time-weight average and 0.3 ppm as a 15 min short-term exposure limit. From these data, we propose that treatment with ClO(2) gas at very low concentrations in space is a useful tool for the growth inhibition of fungi in the fields of food, medicine, etc. without adverse effects."

2018 {Tests with FarmeTok (Medistick/Puristic) CD-releasing stick}

"administrative punishments last month on 17 companies for... exaggerating the effects of their pharmaceutical products that supposedly sterilize living spaces. The agency said the companies failed to present reasonable data"

{Chlorite granules activated by UV-LED lights. Taiko} Provided is a device for generating chlorine dioxide which has been miniaturized so that a chlorine dioxide source can be carried and which has no fear of liquid leakage and can be continuously used. A cartridge (28) having a chemical-holding space (29) in which a granular chlorite is held, a fan (24), and ultraviolet LED lamps (32) have been disposed within a device main body (12) which can be separated into two or more detachable portions. The cartridge (28) has light-transmitting properties and has a structure which enables air to pass through the chemical-holding space (29) and the insi...

*********** (2020) {Use of low levels of chlorine dioxide in air as disinfectant in hospital laundry and dishwashing rooms}

A new proposal for aerial disinfection by low concentration chlorine dioxide gas

Test of a Preventive Effect of a Deodorant Device Against Respiratory Infections - Full Text View.

2009 thesis. "Dioxy MP 14 is a locally developed form of stabilized chlorine dioxide in an aqueous medium. It has all the sanitizing properties of chlorine dioxide gas, a neutral compound of chlorine in the +IV oxidation state, which has been used extensively as a non-toxic sterilizing agent with various applications. In this study, Dioxy MP14 was tested in a commercial chicken pen to determine its effectiveness as an environmental sanitizing agent. Control of environmental microbes in a chicken pen is important to ensure healthy birds and optimum egg production. The biocide was introduced via an overhead misting system with a variable dosing pump at various daily frequencies. The effectiveness of environmental microorganism control was determined with air settle plates. The health and performance of the chickens were evaluated and compared to chickens in a control pen. The results show a decrease in airborne microbial load in the treated pen. Better egg production and lower mortality of the chickens in the treated pen compared to the control pen, indicate effective environmental microbial control was achieved with a residual 7.46 ppm Dioxy MP 14 at a daily dose given for 5 minutes every 2 hours. This study was a pilot study, with encouraging results, for an extended study to investigate the feasibility of introducing Dioxy MP 14 through a misting system in a clinical environment (clinics and hospitals) to control airborne pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis thereby reducing the infection risks for clinical workers and medical staff."

Nebulizer / atomizer for biocides (especially chlorine dioxide Apura line). Simple use and maintenance. Fixed compressed air supply or via portable compressors. Suitable for biocides, fungicides, etc.

AirDoctor is a Japanese product that protects against airborne infectious diseases and effectively eliminates the presence of viruses, bacteria, pollen and other microbes.Provides wearer protection for 30 days.

Continuous release air and surface sanitizers, foggers, etc.

Atomization of a new mineral oxychloride solution opens opportunities for fast and large-scale control of the spread of aerosolized pathogens

Malaysia 2020 --Antah Pharma Sdn Bhd, the company behind a “health tag” which some falsely believe could prevent the spread of Covid-19 infection, has today denied ever making such a...

{Includes info on Chlorine Dioxide "badge"}

**** "single-daily disinfection mode (SM), a twice-daily disinfection mode (TM), and a regular disinfection mode (RM). It is inferred that a higher air velocity is beneficial in spreading the disinfectant within the indoor space and improving the disinfection efficiency as a result."

WIPE OUT ODOR ELIMINATOR SYSTEM is an chlorine dioxide vapor system that vaporizes, decontaminates, disinfects and deodorizes. Truly a revolutionary, innovative product. Gets rid of odors any enclosed or confined environment. It can change the cabin air quality by safely penetrating any material. It completely decontam

{Study mentioned with Chlorine Dioxide} "viruses... exposed to fogging from a machine capable of generating fogs at 30ml/min until desired concentrations were achieved. The chlorine dioxide (ClO2) exposure was 10 min. ... the ClO2 product only showed reductions of 1.7 log10, 0.6 log10, and 2.4 log10 respectively. However, the exposure times used in the study were extremely short..."

{***Includes useful illustration of size related to viruses, bacteria, etc} At 124 picometers (0.000124 micrometers), a chlorine dioxide gas molecule is *****much smaller than any microorganism****. Chlorine dioxide is a real gas and by definition expands and conforms to the shape of the area in which it is held and acquires a uniform density inside that area, even in the presence of gravity and also regardless of the amount of equipment in the area. This property of chlorine dioxide gas allows it to easily penetrate and disinfect locations where other fumigant applications such as dry fog is not able to effectively reach.

The treatment of wet environments in the presence of human activity such as kitchens and bathrooms with the low-concentration ClO2 gas would be useful for reducing the risk of infection by bacteria and viruses residing on the environmental hard surfaces without adverse effects. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study demonstrates that the low-concentration ClO2 gas (mean 0Æ05 ppmv) inactivates various kinds ofmicrobes such as Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, enveloped and nonenveloped viruses in the wet state

"chlorine dioxide's inhibition of future mold growth after fogging (5 years) and after use of gas packets (6 months, to date) suggests a strong sporicidal activity. " "...self-activating packet (Aseptrol™) that reacts with humidity in the air, was used. The packet is a loose powder sachet, which will begin releasing chlorine dioxide in 90 minutes after exposure to ambient relative humidity. This sachet will release 1/2-2 vppm of chlorine dioxide per gram of material in a one gallon volume with 10cc/minute of continuous air changeover. The sachet will continue to release at a constant rate for 15 days before exhausting at 85% relative humidity and over 30 days at 31% humidity." "In particular, the health hazards of uncontrolled mold may outweigh the use of "safe" fungicides." "The use of this substance, particularly with the gas packet technology, is attractive. Convenience, low labor costs and its potential to avert disastrous mold outbreaks."

"... uring a period of 38 consecutive school days the rate of school children absent from the school was markedly lower (1.5%) in a classroom where the ClO2 device was placed than that (4.0%) in a classroom where it was not placed. "

{Also includes treatment by nebulized inhalation} Disclosed is a countermeasure against the infection with a floating virus, which is characterized by supplying a ***chlorine dioxide** gas to a space suspected of the presence of a floating virus to such an extent that the concentration of the chlorine dioxide gas in the space becomes a concentration at which an animal can survive but the floating virus is deactivated.

{Does this calculation actually need a 2.8 conversion integrated??} "Since 540 ml of chlorine dioxide solution (250 mg/l) was prepared and sprayed into the space of 450 m3, the concentration was 0.3 mg/m3 (0.1 mg/l as ClO2)."

Chlorine dioxide and Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. {Does not specify CD ppm. Instructions are to dilute Sodium Chlorite with 10% Acid Solution, etc}

As the COVID-19 pandemic has grown, you will probably have seen photos and video of workers in protective gear using high-pressure sprays to sanitize city streets. Spain has even taken the radical step ...

*******Prehumidifying to 70-75% RH for 1 hour made B subtilis niger far more susceptible to Chlorine Dioxide, inactivating 10-6 spores in 5 mins without tailing with an estimated D value of 0.55 min.Using controlled humidity, gas concentration, and temperature at atmospheric pressure, standard biological indicators (BIs) and spore disks .