Advancing Exposure Characterization for Chemical Evaluation and Risk Assessment
Request PDF | Advancing Exposure Characterization for Chemical Evaluation and Risk Assessment | A new generation of scientific tools has emerged to rapidly measure signals from cells, tissues, and organisms following exposure to chemicals.... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate
Cleaning and Disinfectant Chemical Exposures during 2020 vs earlier years ~NPDS and CDC
Exposures to cleaners and disinfectants reported to the National Poison Data System, a surveillance system of poison center calls, increased substantially beginning in March 2020.
MMS & Coronavirus - Page 3 ~MMS Forum, Jim Humble, Miracle Mineral Solution Discussion
It seems there's a doctor saying if she got coronavirus she would do MMS using nebulizer inhalation for her lungs. I was under the impression that this should...
Six-month low level chlorine dioxide gas inhalation toxicity study with two-week recovery period in rats
2012. Chlorine dioxide (CD) gas has a potent antimicrobial activity at extremely low concentration and may serve as a new tool for infection control occupationally as well as publicly. Long-term, low concentration CD gas inhalation toxicity was studied in rats as a six-month continuous whole-body exposure followed by a two-week recovery period, so as to prove that the CD gas exposed up to 0.1 ppm (volume ratio) is judged as safe on the basis of a battery of toxicological examinations. No CD gas-related toxicity sign was observed during the whole study period. No significant difference was observed in body weight gain, food and water consumptions, and relative organ weight. In biochemistry and hematology examinations, changes did not appear to be related to CD gas toxicity. In necropsy and histopathology, no CD gas-related toxicity was observed even in expected target respiratory organs.
Oxidation-Reduction Potential as a Biomarker for Severity and Acute Outcome in Traumatic Brain Injury
There are few reliable markers for assessing traumatic brain injury (TBI). Elevated levels of oxidative stress have been observed in TBI patients. We hypothesized that oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) could be a potent biomarker in TBI. Two types of ORP were measured in patient plasma samples: the static state of oxidative stress (sORP) and capacity for induced oxidative stress (icORP). Differences in ORP values as a function of time after injury, severity, and hospital discharge were compared using ANOVAs with significance at . Logit regression analyses were used to predict acute outcome comparing ORP, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Antioxidant capacity (icORP) on day 4 was prognostic for acute outcomes (). An odds ratio of 4.08 was associated with poor acute outcome when icORP > 7.25 μC. IcORP was a better predictor than ISS, AIS, or GCS scores. sORP increased in those with the highest ISS values (). Based on these findings ORP is useful biomarker for severity and acute outcome in TBI patients. Changes in ORP values on day 4 after injury were the most prognostic, suggesting that patients’ response to brain injury over time is a factor that determines outcome.
Chemicals: Managing Chemical Safety in the Workplace | NIOSH | CDC
Chemicals are an important part of nearly every workplace, from specialized industrial chemicals to everyday cleaning products. Ensuring the safe and healthy use of workplace chemicals has been a focus of NIOSH research since the Institute began in 1970
Acute and chronic toxicity of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and chlorite (ClO2-) to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) - PubMed
Due to its very reactive nature, chlorine dioxide is rapidly (in a few hours) reduced to chlorite, which is persistent also as a biocide but 16 times less toxic to fish, according to MATC. Therefore, it is much more likely that fish will be exposed to chlorite than to chlorine dioxide in natural wat …
Toxicological effects of chlorite in the mouse - PubMed
When exposed to a maximum level of 100 ppm chlorine dioxide in their drinking water, neither A/J or C57L/J mice exhibited any hematologic changes. Chlorite exposure under similar conditions produced increases for red blood cells in osmotic fragility, mean corpuscular volume, and glucose-6-phosphate …
Groups at potentially high risk from chlorine dioxide treated water - PubMed
Chlorite, a by-product of chlorine dioxide disinfection of water, is a strong oxidant compound that produces markedly exaggerated effects in vitro on red cells of G6PD deficient humans when compared to normal human cells. Levels of methemoglobin are significantly greater and GSH levels significantly lower in the G6PD deficient cells than in normal cells after chlorite exposure. Persons with G6PD deficiency may be 3 to 4 times more likely to develop hemolytic anemia from chlorite exposure as persons with normal activity levels when GSH levels are used as a measure of susceptibility. The proposed use of chlorine dioxide as an alternate disinfectant for drinking water supplies should consider this potential high risk group. "
Thyroid Function of Newborns and Exposure to Chlorine Dioxide By-products | Request PDF
Request PDF | Thyroid Function of Newborns and Exposure to Chlorine Dioxide By-products | In this study, the authors compared thyroid function of newborns from 11 municipalities where drinking water was disinfected by chlorine dioxide... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate
Reproductive effects in long-evans rats exposed to chlorine dioxide
Long-Evans rats, 4–6 weeks of age, were dosed with 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, or 10.0 ml/kg chlorine dioxide (ClO2) in deionized water for up to 73 days. Males we…
Invited review: Efficacy, metabolism, and toxic responses to chlorate salts in food and laboratory animals - PubMed
For over 100 yr, scientists have explored uses of sodium chlorate in agricultural applications. Sodium chlorate is a strong oxidizer, and thus can be very hazardous when not handled accordingly. Nevertheless, late 19th century agriculturists and scientists attempted to exploit the chemical propertie …
[Teratogenicity study of sodium chlorite in rats by oral administration] - PubMed
The teratogenicity of sodium chlorite (NaClO2) was assessed in Wistar rats (Crj: Wistar). Sodium chlorite dissolved in distilled water was given to pregnant Wistar rats by gavage once a day from day 6 through 15 of pregnancy at doses of 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day. The pregnant rats were sacrificed …
Sodium chlorite increases production of reactive oxygen species that impair the antioxidant system and cause morphological changes in human erythrocytes
Sodium chlorite (NaClO2) is used in the production of chlorine dioxide for bleaching and stripping of textiles, pulp, and paper. It is also used as disinfectant in municipal water treatment and as a ...
