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Chlorine Dioxide Is a Size-Selective Antimicrobial Agent ~(Hungary)
Chlorine Dioxide Is a Size-Selective Antimicrobial Agent ~(Hungary)
"ClO2, the so-called “ideal biocide”, could also be applied as an antiseptic if it was understood why the solution killing microbes rapidly does not cause any harm to humans or to animals." "The killing time for a bacterium is on the order of milliseconds in a 300 ppm ClO2 solution. Thus, a few minutes of contact time (limited by the volatility of ClO2) is quite enough to kill all bacteria, but short enough to keep ClO2 penetration into the living tissues of a greater organism safely below 0.1 mm. Bacteria are not able to develop resistance against ClO2 as it reacts with biological thiols which play a vital role in all living organisms. Conclusion: Selectivity of ClO2 between humans and bacteria is based not on their different biochemistry, but on their different size."
·journals.plos.org·
Chlorine Dioxide Is a Size-Selective Antimicrobial Agent ~(Hungary)
Human Health Effects: CHLORINE DIOXIDE, CASRN: 10049-04-4
Human Health Effects: CHLORINE DIOXIDE, CASRN: 10049-04-4
***********Wide variety of toxicity results from studies.***DECOMP (GAS) TO CHLORIC ACID, CHLORINE, & OXYGEN IN HOT WATER *"Two adults ingested 250 ml of chlorine dioxide in water containing concn of 40 mg/l. Within 5 min of ingestion, sudden headache, nausea, abdominal discomfort, and light-headedness were observed ... effects disappeared within 5 min. ".."Industrially men exposed to low concentrations of the gas in air have been noted occasionally to suffer from irritation of the eyes and to see haloes about lights, but these effects have been minor compared to respiratory irritation. "".."CHLORINE DIOXIDE (1, 10, 100 PPM) GIVEN DAILY IN DRINKING WATER DECR BLOOD GLUTATHIONE, DECR OSMOTIC FRAGILITY, & CHANGED MORPHOLOGY OF ERYTHROCYTES IN BOTH CHICKENS & RATS AFTER TWO MO."..."CHLORINE DIOXIDE IS RAPID DISINFECTING AGENT & HAS SAME SURVIVAL RATIO AS CHLORINE BUT WITH MUCH LOWER RESIDUAL CONCN WHEN CHLORINE EXISTS AS CHLORAMINES. CHLORINE DIOXIDE IS MORE EFFECTIVE VIRUCIDE THAN CHLORINE IN SECONDARY EFFLUENT. "
·www.gasdetection.com·
Human Health Effects: CHLORINE DIOXIDE, CASRN: 10049-04-4
Effects of dietary chlorine dioxide on growth performance, intestinal and excreta microbiology, and odorous gas emissions from broiler excreta
Effects of dietary chlorine dioxide on growth performance, intestinal and excreta microbiology, and odorous gas emissions from broiler excreta
inc info on piglets, too -Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is a powerful biocide that has long been used commercially to control microbial activity in various sectors. This study was co…
·www.sciencedirect.com·
Effects of dietary chlorine dioxide on growth performance, intestinal and excreta microbiology, and odorous gas emissions from broiler excreta
The digestive system is a potential route of 2019-nCov infection: a bioinformatics analysis based on single-cell transcriptomes
The digestive system is a potential route of 2019-nCov infection: a bioinformatics analysis based on single-cell transcriptomes
Since December 2019, a newly identified coronavirus (2019 novel coronavirus, 2019-nCov) is causing outbreak of pneumonia in one of largest cities, Wuhan, in Hubei province of China and has draw significant public health attention. The same as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), 2019-nCov enters into host cells via cell receptor angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2). In order to dissect the ACE2-expressing cell composition and proportion and explore a potential route of the 2019-nCov infection in digestive system infection, 4 datasets with single-cell transcriptomes of lung, esophagus, gastric, ileum and colon were analyzed. The data showed that ACE2 was not only highly expressed in the lung AT2 cells, esophagus upper and stratified epithelial cells but also in absorptive enterocytes from ileum and colon. These results indicated along with respiratory systems, digestive system is a potential routes for 2019-nCov infection. In conclusion, this study has provided the bioinformatics evidence of the potential route for infection of 2019-nCov in digestive system along with respiratory tract and may have significant impact for our healthy policy setting regards to prevention of 2019-nCoV infection.
·www.biorxiv.org·
The digestive system is a potential route of 2019-nCov infection: a bioinformatics analysis based on single-cell transcriptomes
MMS -List of other CD prod
MMS -List of other CD prod
Master Mineral Solution (MMS) Activated Sodium Chlorite = Chlorine Dioxide (CD)    The most difficult part of learning how to use MMS is its terminology. Please familiarize yourself with the follow…
·thespiritofhealth.org·
MMS -List of other CD prod
Chlorine Dioxide and Hemodialysis
Chlorine Dioxide and Hemodialysis
"ClO2 and its disinfection by-products, chlorite and chlorate. Deleterious effects of moderately high levels of these oxychlorines have been demonstrated experimentally on red blood cells, thyroid function, and development in laboratory animals. Adverse effects in controlled prospective studies in humans and in actual use situations in community water supplies have as yet failed to reveal clear evidence of adverse health effects. Among groups who may be at special risk from this suggested alternative are patients who must undergo chronic extracorporeal hemodialysis... Again, very limited human experience has failed to reveal adverse health effects... dialysis patients in carefully controlled facilities may be at no greater risk than the general population."
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Chlorine Dioxide and Hemodialysis
Topical Antimicrobials in Combination With Admission Screening and Barrier Precautions to Control Endemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in an Intensive Care Unit
Topical Antimicrobials in Combination With Admission Screening and Barrier Precautions to Control Endemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in an Intensive Care Unit
We aimed to establish whether screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and body decontamination upon admission to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU), in combination with barrier precautions, reduced rates of MRSA infection acquired on the unit. This was an interrupted time series s …
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Topical Antimicrobials in Combination With Admission Screening and Barrier Precautions to Control Endemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in an Intensive Care Unit
ATC Malachlorite® for treatment of patients with acute Plasmodium falciparum infection: A pilot study incorporating 500 patients in the rural area of Cameroon
ATC Malachlorite® for treatment of patients with acute Plasmodium falciparum infection: A pilot study incorporating 500 patients in the rural area of Cameroon
Malaria is one of the most widespread infectious diseases with over 2 million deaths per year in Central Africa. Since new drug combinations are characterized by the development of tolerance as well as serious side effect there is an increasing demand for a new medication. We therefore set out to study the efficacy of a sublingual tablet with a new mode of action consisting of sodium chlorite (NaClO2) plus citric acid and an artimisin extract. By adding sodium bicarbonate, an effervescent composition is attained, which when being exposed to saline, chlorine dioxide (ClO2) the active ingredi...
·gsconlinepress.com·
ATC Malachlorite® for treatment of patients with acute Plasmodium falciparum infection: A pilot study incorporating 500 patients in the rural area of Cameroon
Sodium chlorate, a herbicide and major water disinfectant byproduct, generates reactive oxygen species and induces oxidative damage in human erythrocytes | Semantic Scholar
Sodium chlorate, a herbicide and major water disinfectant byproduct, generates reactive oxygen species and induces oxidative damage in human erythrocytes | Semantic Scholar
Sodium chlorate (NaClO3) is a widely used non-selective herbicide. It is also generated as a byproduct during disinfection of drinking water by chlorine dioxide. In the present work, the effects of NaClO3 on human erythrocytes were studied under in vitro conditions. Incubation of erythrocytes with different concentrations of NaClO3 at 37 °C for 90 min resulted in significant hemolysis. Cell lysates were prepared from NaClO3-treated and untreated (control) erythrocytes and assayed for various biochemical parameters. Methemoglobin levels were significantly increased and methemoglobin reductase activity was reduced upon NaClO3 treatment. There was a significant increase in protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation with a decrease in reduced glutathione and total sulfhydryl content. This suggests the induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes upon exposure to NaClO3. The occurrence of oxidative stress was confirmed by significantly increased generation of reactive oxygen species and lowered antioxidant response of the cells. NaClO3 treatment also increased nitric oxide levels showing induction of nitrosative stress. The activities of major antioxidant and membrane-bound and metabolic enzymes were significantly altered upon incubation of erythrocytes with NaClO3. The erythrocytes became more osmotically fragile while electron microscopic images showed gross morphological alterations in NaClO3-treated cells. These results show that NaClO3 induces oxidative stress in human erythrocytes, which results in extensive membrane damage and lowers the antioxidant response.
·www.semanticscholar.org·
Sodium chlorate, a herbicide and major water disinfectant byproduct, generates reactive oxygen species and induces oxidative damage in human erythrocytes | Semantic Scholar
Potential health effects of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant in potable water supplies. | Semantic Scholar
Potential health effects of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant in potable water supplies. | Semantic Scholar
Chlorination of potable water supplies high in organics may yield carcinogenic compounds such as trihalomethanes. Chlorine dioxide has been proposed as an alternative disinfectant to chlorine. However, chlorine dioxide is a strong oxidant that forms significant amounts of chlorite when added to potable water supplies, and chlorite is similar to nitrite in its molecular structure and may be similar in its mechanism of methemoglobin production. Nitrites and chlorites are thought to act synergistically to produce MetHb. Neonates and persons with G-*-PD deficiency are likely to be unusually susceptible to MetHb formation from these compounds because their red cells lack the metabolic machinery to adequately protect against oxidant stress. Since male blacks represent the largest population in the U.S. to be G-6PD deficient, Black male neonates may represent the group at highest risk to the use of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant in the nations water supplies.
·www.semanticscholar.org·
Potential health effects of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant in potable water supplies. | Semantic Scholar
FDA Warns Consumers Against Drinking High-Strength Hydrogen Peroxide For Medicinal Use
FDA Warns Consumers Against Drinking High-Strength Hydrogen Peroxide For Medicinal Use
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is warning consumers not to purchase or to use high-strength hydrogen peroxide products, including a product marketed as "35 Percent Food Grade Hydrogen Peroxide," for medicinal purposes because they can cause serious harm or death when ingested. FDA recommends that consumers who are currently using high-strength hydrogen peroxide stop immediately and consult their health care provider.
·www.sciencedaily.com·
FDA Warns Consumers Against Drinking High-Strength Hydrogen Peroxide For Medicinal Use
Case Report: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease presenting after consumption of ‘Miracle Mineral Solution’ (sodium chlorite)
Case Report: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease presenting after consumption of ‘Miracle Mineral Solution’ (sodium chlorite)
41-year-old woman of Malay ethnicity who presented with an 11-day history of fever and left-sided lymphadenopathy after consuming ‘Miracle Mineral Solution’ (sodium chlorite solution) for the first time. A ...
·www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Case Report: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease presenting after consumption of ‘Miracle Mineral Solution’ (sodium chlorite)
Effects of *Chlorine* exposure Deliberate exposure of humans to chlorine-the aftermath of Ebola in West Africa
Effects of *Chlorine* exposure Deliberate exposure of humans to chlorine-the aftermath of Ebola in West Africa
During the recent Ebola outbreak, spraying of the environment and humans, including healthcare workers, with chlorine was wide spread in affected African countries; adverse clinical effects are reported here. A cross sectional survey by interview of 1550 volunteers consisting of 500 healthcare workers (HCW), 550 Ebola survivors (EVD) and 500 quarantined asymptomatic Ebola contacts (NEVD) was conducted. Demographics, frequency of exposure to chlorine, clinical condition after chlorine exposure particularly eye, respiratory and skin conditions were noted. The length of time HCWs worked in Ebola Treatment Units (ETU), and use of personal protective equipment was recorded. Verbal consent was obtained from all participants and all responses remained anonymous. Permission and assistance from the guardian or parent was sought for those below 18 years of age. 493/500 HCW, 550/550 EVD and 477/500 NEVD were sprayed at least once with 0 · 5 % chlorine. Following even a single exposure, an increase in the number of eye (all three groups) and respiratory symptoms (in HCW & EVD) was reported (p < 0 · 001); after multiple exposure, respiratory and skin symptoms increased. In HCW, multiple vs single exposure was associated with an increase in respiratory (OR = 32 (95 % CI 22 –49) p < 0.001), eyes (OR = 30 (95 % CI 21 –43) p < 0.001) and skin conditions (OR = 22 (95 % CI 15–32) p < 0.001). The available personal protective equipment neither reduced nor prevented the adverse effects of chlorine. Reported exposure to chlorine has usually been accidental. Despite the lack of evidence as a recognised outbreak control measure, deliberate exposure of humans to chlorine spray was wide spread in Africa during the Ebola epidemic resulting in serious detrimental health effects on humans. We strongly recommend that this practice be banned and that alternative safer methods be used.
·aricjournal.biomedcentral.com·
Effects of *Chlorine* exposure Deliberate exposure of humans to chlorine-the aftermath of Ebola in West Africa
CD effects on humans -Chlorine Dioxide Water Disinfection: A Prospective Epidemiology Study
CD effects on humans -Chlorine Dioxide Water Disinfection: A Prospective Epidemiology Study
"An epidemiologic study of 198 persons exposed for 3 months to drinking water disinfected with chlorine dioxide was conducted in a rural village. A control population of 118 nonexposed persons was also studied. Pre-exposure hematologic and serum chemical parameters were compared with test results after 115 days of exposure. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) of the data failed to identify any significant exposure-related effects. "
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
CD effects on humans -Chlorine Dioxide Water Disinfection: A Prospective Epidemiology Study