[Old - 1984?] Isopropyl alcohol is manufactured in the United States by an indirect hydration technique in which a fraction containing 40-60% propylene that is isolated from refinery exhaust gases reacts with sulfuric acid (Lowenheim and Moran, 1975). In an older (strong-acid) process, 88-93% sulfuric acid reacted with propylene gas at 25-60°C for a long time. In a newer (weak-acid) process, which has replaced the strong-acid process, propylene gas is absorbed in 60% sulfuric acid at 85°C for a short reaction time (NIOSH, 1976). Estimated annual production capacity for 1981 was 2.8 million pounds (SRI, I...

2013. {In some conditions, chlorine dioxide can dissociate into chlorine gas and oxygen gas, which could result in chlorine affecting lungs, so information in this study may be relevant.)

"Oxidative stress is the result of the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Biomarkers of oxidative stress are relevant in the evaluation of the disease status and of the health-enhancing effects of antioxidants." "The clinical significance of biomarkers of oxidative stress in humans must come from a critical analysis of the markers that should give an overall index of redox status in particular conditions."

The current situation in India regarding the COVID-19 pandemic is the worst since its first detection, in terms of the number of new cases per day, and it is now more than 10000 (as of June 7, 2020). In addition to several precautionary steps being taken (social distancing, use of masks, sanitizing hands etc.), spraying disinfectants (NaOCl solution) over several residential, official and commercial buildings, open areas, markets, public road transports, railways etchas been occurring on a regular basis. It has also cometo the world’s attention that spraying of disinfectants has been especially used on people who are migrating from one part of the country to another. In this letter, I have made an attempt to discuss some major impacts of NaOCl on human health as well as atmospheric chemistry. NaOCl once emitted into the air reacts easily with the water vapor to form HOCl that further gets photo-dissociated into various reactive species. These reactive species have significant potentials to participate in various tropospheric chemistry of chlorine radical, ozone, S (IV) oxidation, hydrocarbon oxidation, modification of chloride salts etc. I have also recommended some important steps to be taken if spraying of NaOClis deemed essential.

Request PDF | Advancing Exposure Characterization for Chemical Evaluation and Risk Assessment | A new generation of scientific tools has emerged to rapidly measure signals from cells, tissues, and organisms following exposure to chemicals.... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate

Over the past 10 years, there have been hundreds of accidents involving chlorine nationwide, injuring thousands

The first building block is carboxyl benzoate which is found naturally in cranberries. Carboxyl benzoate is widely used as a preservative in many foods and drinks and generally recognized as a safe compound. Two arms are made out of cysteamine (found naturally in meat and on the terminal end of Co-enzyme A) which is also a widely used natural antioxidant. The cysteamines have a sulfhydryl (-SH) at their terminal ends, and the amino ends are attached on the 1st and 3rd carbon groups of the carboxyl benzoate. This allows the -SH groups to flex, rotate and take many different positions to accommodate the binding parameters of several toxic metals that are attracted to -SH groups, which covers most toxic heavy metals.