A method of making a composition having the property of being able to store chlorine dioxide includes mixing an aqueous chlorine dioxide solution with a superabsorbent, water-soluble polymer that is substantially unreactive with chlorine dioxide and permitting a mixture formed thereby to form one of a gel and a solid composition. A method of delivering chlorine dioxide includes providing a gel or solid composition as described and degelling the gel or dissolving the solid composition to dispense the chlorine dioxide therefrom. A method of disinfecting a target such as water, wastewater, or ...

"It was confirmed that chemical disinfectants decay when samples are exposed to UV light. Specifically, for deionized water free chlorine was lowered to approximately 95% of initial concentration following UV treatment. In contrast, free chlorine was decreased to 89% and 84%, on average, in the tested groundwater and surface water, respectively. A similar range in decreased disinfectant concentration was also observed for chlorine dioxide and chloramines. However, no significant absorption of UV irradiation by chemical disinfectants was observed."

Chlorate including sodium chlorate is used to produce chlorine dioxide gas upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation in the presence of a suitable catalyst. Chlorine dioxide gas can be used to disinfect, bleach and for a variety of industrial and commercial purposes. A Teflon®-coated UV lamp is optionally used to irradiate a solution of chlorate.

{includes unique info on Chlorine Dioxide byproducts, etc}

The application rate of chlorine dioxide based product evaluated in this study was not an effective antimicrobial alternative to formaldehyde for sanitizing hatching eggs in hatcher cabinets prior to hatch.

PDF | SHORT SUMMARY (One paragraph, ~6 sentences) Accelerated aging experiments by the immersion of a commercial polyethylene (PE) pipe grade in 10 ppm... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate

Chlorine dioxide is effective in controlling the natural flora occurring in poultry chiller water (PCW). However, it is not approved for use as a disinfectant because of the lack of information pertinent to its human health risks. In PCW, most added chlorine dioxide was rapidly reduced to chlorite and chlorate. The formation of chlorite was dependent on both chlorine dioxide dose and treatment time. The chlorine dioxide demand by PCW, the consumption at a given treatment time, was found to be independent of treatment dose. When used at the demand level, half of the added chlorine dioxide was reduced to a mixture of chlorite (90%) and chlorate (10%). On the basis of the acceptable daily intake of chlorite, 0.075 mg/kg, disinfecting PCW at the level of chlorine dioxide demand, 0.30 mM (20 mg/L), is not only effective but also has a low health risk from the standpoint of chlorite and chlorate contamination.

The yield of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is influenced by chemical conditions (e.g., initial chlorine concentration, alkalinity) and by reactor design (e.g., detention time, method for mixing chemicals)....

1995

"As an oxidizer chlorine dioxide is very selective. It has this ability due to unique one-electron exchange mechanisms.

Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO2. This yellowish-green gas crystallizes as bright orange crystals at −59 °C. As one of several oxides of chlorine, it is a potent and useful oxidizing agent used in water treatment and in bleaching.

*****"[Note: Some statements about corrosion, reaction with phenols, Cl also released during some specific reactions, etc may have some inaccuracies] Like ozone and chlorine, chlorine dioxide is an oxidizing biocide and not a metabolic toxin. This means that chlorine dioxide kills microorganisms by disruption of the transport of nutrients across the cell wall, not by disruption of a metabolic process." "Unlike chlorine, Chlorine dioxide is effective at pH between 4 and 10. No dumping and filling with fresh water required;" "Chlorine dioxide can be used as a spray. All parts therefore, can easily be reached;" In scrubbers: "In scrubbers, Usually, a very low chlorine dioxide residual, around 0.2-ppm, is sufficient to ensure odour control." {includes effects on specific foods when rinsed}

"equivalent weight = molecular weight/ basicity Citric acid could be anyhydrous as well as monohydrous, and so the molecular weight varies accordingly. anhydrous : C6H8O7 = 192.12 mg/mol hydrous: C6H8O7.H2O = 210 mg/mol also, cirtic acid is a weak acid and doesn't oxidize completely when added to a base; it donates only a few (about 3) protons (H+). This is the basicity of the acid. Therefore, equivalent weight of citric acid= 210/3= 70 (when it is monohydrous) or 192.12/3=64.4 ( when it is anyhydrous)"

"The following conversions will enable you to blend a 25% sodium chlorite solution from Technical Sodium Chlorite (dry) product."

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" it is normal practice to supply water with a chlorine dioxide residual of a few tenths of a milligram per litre to act as a preservative during distribution" "The taste and odour threshold for this compound is 0.4 mg/l."

****{Components of Sodium Chlorite} "Other materials are typically added to sodium chlorite powders or solutions before they are sold. Commercial sodium chlorite bleaching solutions contain special ingredients including anticorrosive agents, buffering agents, chlorine dioxide fume controllers, and surfactants. Anticorrosive agents are used to prevent the corrosion of stainless steel bleaching equipment. Buffer salts help liberate the chlorine dioxide that is produced during the bleaching process. Surfactants help stabilize solutions and allow for cleaning and penetration effects. Stabilized sodium chlorite solution can be stored for long periods without loss of activity. When the sodium chlorite is sold as a solid, sodium chloride is often included to make it safer to handle and store."

Create a 0.3% Chlorine Dioxide solution with Twin-Oxide two part powder system and treat up to 60,000l of potable water at up to 2ppm

"The solution is stable under neutral to slightly acidic conditions but will decay under more acidic conditions which can be prevented by adding a small amount of alkalinity (

There is increasing demand for safe and effective sanitizers for irrigation water disinfection to prevent transmission of foodborne pathogens to fresh produce. Here we compared the efficacy of pH-neutral electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW), sodium hypochlorite ...

{Includes several links to CoronavirusCD.org}

ClorDiSys Solutions Inc blog about contamination control and biodecontamination.

CHLORINE DIOXIDE FOR HOUSEHOLD USES

As treatment time increased, most combinations of ClO2 gas and aerosolized PAA showed additive effects in the inactivation of the three pathogens.

"the latest research has shown that ECA water is better at disinfecting than both hypochlorite (OCl-) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2)"