****!!!!*** "This narrative synthesis aimed to highlight the versatility and suitability of ClO2 in different settings (mostly for waters) and against different viral agents. It may be clear that ClO2 is not a therapeutic product. It cannot be used for healing human or animal tissues, with the exception of skin and mucosa antisepsis." "Bloodborne viruses (HIV-1, HCV, and HBV) may be completely eliminated from medical devices and human fluids after a treatment with 30 mg/L of ClO2 for 30 min."

(2021) {Note: More in-depth evaluation addressing cellular structure of specific areas of body contact, chemistry of surrounding body fluids, etc. would also need to be evaluated if in vitro exposures described herein were to be explored for use on or in areas of the body} "ClO2 is a small molecule with a molecular weight of 67.46, and it forms a stable radical.12 ClO2 is an oxidizer, which is reduced to chlorite ion (ClO2 -) by capturing an electron (ClO2 + e- → ClO2 -). The redox potential (Eº) is relatively high as 0.95 V, therefore does not harm the human microbiome."

An antimicrobial preservative for use in an ophthalmic product that is well tolerated by the human eye, the preservative comprising 0.04% by weight of sodium chlorite, 0.02% by weight, 0.03% by weight, 0.04% by weight, or 0.05% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and 0.2% by weight of boric acid, where the preservative does not generate chlorine dioxide, and where the preservative is at a pH of 7.4."

"Relative humidity is the single most important factor influencing the activity of gaseous disinfectants/sterilants, such as EtO, chlorine dioxide, and formaldehyde. Water hardness (i.e., high concentration of divalent cations) reduces the rate of kill of certain disinfectants because divalent cations (e.g., magnesium, calcium) in the hard water interact with the disinfectant to form insoluble precipitates 1" "Most commonly, interference occurs by a chemical reaction between the germicide and the organic matter resulting in a complex that is less germicidal or nongermicidal, leaving less of the active germicide available for attacking microorganisms. Chlorine and iodine disinfectants, in particular, are prone to such interaction. Alternatively, organic material can protect microorganisms from attack by acting as a physical barrier... These and other studies show the protection by inorganic contaminants of microorganisms to all sterilization processes results from occlusion in salt crystals" "long-term use can damage the outer plastic coat of the insertion tube" "chlorine dioxide solutions at either 600 ppm or 30 ppm killed Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare within 60 seconds after contact but contamination by organic material significantly affected the microbicidal properties" " In 1986, a chlorine dioxide product was voluntarily removed from the market when its use caused leakage of cellulose-based dialyzer membranes, which allowed bacteria to migrate from the dialysis fluid side of the dialyzer to the blood side "

****!!!!***!!** "Glutathione levels did not correlate with the measured TAC values, despite this being the most important non-enzymatic intracellular antioxidant molecule. The results indicate that the isolated measurement of TAC does not give a clear picture of the ability of a given Candida sp. to respond to oxidative stress."

The chlorite-based drug solution WF10 has been successfully applied to dampen strong inflammatory disease states and to improve wound healing processes. However, the molecular mechanisms of this drug are not well understood. This study is directed to investigate how WF10 and its components affect the expression of surface markers and sulphated proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans in proinflammatory-stimulated monocytes and macrophages.

{Some info in this article is false}

{Water treatment, contact lens solution, etc} Contact Lens Solution: "(Regard™) using a combination of sodium chlorite (NaClO2; used to disinfect mains water) and trace amounts (100 ppm) of hydrogen peroxide (Atkins 2004). The peroxide stabilises the inherently unstable chlorine dioxide (ClO2) generated, and the combination is said to be effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi and yeasts. Decomposition products are sodium chloride, water and oxygen. When lenses are removed from solution, the residual sodium chlorite decomposes readily into sodium chloride and oxygen. " "It is a powerful oxidant that disrupts protein synthesis, making it an efficient antimicrobial. However, penetration of biofilms can be challenging and chlorine dioxide can take months to achieve microbial control, can corrode pipework and readily decomposes, particularly in hot water, though higher concentrations can be used in the hot water supply.130,133,134 Concentrations of 0.5 mg/l are effective against planktonic and sessile Legionella in hot water systems. However, The Drinking Water Inspectorate advises a maximum of 0.5 mg/l chlorine dioxide in drinking water "

"This paper proposes that chlorine dioxide (ClO2) should be considered as an alternative to common antibiotics. ClO2 disinfects via oxidation and is highly selective due to its one‐electron transfer mechanisms." "...indicates that ClO2 is as effective as phenol in inhibiting bacterial growth." "In part two, ClO2 was found to be less effective than peniciliin against the three opportunistic pathogens. These results may be erroneous, however..."

****!!!!!****!!!!*** {Includes chart of Chlorine Dioxide vs Sodium Hypochlorite effectiveness against many pathogens}

****!!!!*** Chlorine dioxide has been used for a disinfectant by exhibiting antimicrobial activity and is also potent to kill insect pests infesting stored grains. This study aimed to extend the usefulness of chlorine dioxide with respect to anticancer and antiviral activities. Cytotoxicity of chlorine dioxide was assessed against five different human cancer cell lines. Chlorine dioxide exhibited significant cytotoxicity against two breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) and three colorectal cancer cell lines (LoVo, HCT-116, SW-480). This cytotoxicity appeared to be associated with the capacity of chlorine dioxide to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared to control insect cell lines, the cancer cell lines possessed much higher levels of ROS. On the other hand, a treatment of an antioxidant, vitamin E, significantly reduced the cytotoxicity, suggesting that the cytotoxicity was induced by high levels of ROS production. Chlorine dioxide exhibited antiviral activity against different viruses. A baculovirus, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV), is a dsDNA insect virus and lost its viral activity to form polyhedral viral particles in response to chlorine dioxide. The antiviral activity against AcNPV was dependent on the incubation time with chlorine dioxide. Tobacco mosaic virus is a ssRNA plant virus and was reduced in its population after exposure to chlorine dioxide along with significant decrease of viral symptoms. These results indicate that chlorine dioxide possesses anticancer and antiviral activities probably due to its inducing activity of ROS production.

**** {This version of article includes very useful info on stabilized chlorine dioxide} "A range of commercially available oral rinse formulations contain the active agent sodiu m chlorite (Na+/ClO2−), which is com monly referred to as ‘ stabilised’ chlorine dioxide (ClO2●). ClO2−can be converted to active ClO2● by lower-ing the pH value of aqueous solutions containing the formeragent, a process which involves its prior protonation to form unstable chlorous acid (the pKav alue for this transformation is 2.31), which then decomposes to form ClO2● (stoichio-metrically, 0.50 of a molar equivalent of this free radical..."

[Helped invent Solonium and study Chlorine Dioxide as a "size-selective antimicrobial"} "He soon learned that ClO2 is far more than a simple “nonlinear” reactant; it is a highly effective disinfectant, or, in other words, the “ideal biocide”. " "The scientific discovery that ClO2 is a size-selective disinfectant that guarantees the advantageous medical applications of Solumium. Most importantly, the theory explains why Solumium is completely harmless to humans while it kills bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoons practically at once. " "As Solumium is a local disinfectant that can be used only on the outer and inner surfaces of the body (on skin and wounds, or on mucous membranes of the body like mouth or throat), it can replace antibiotics in these application"

{A number of statements in this document need verification. Author has non-traditional background.} "The use of a family of chemical agents, releasing active species of oxygen, effective against infectious microorganisms and viruses is described with emphasis on Chlorine Dioxide (CLO2), one of the oxides of chlorine. " "Explanation of the biochemical mechanisms of acid of CLO2 as an anti-microbial agent, is presented. Particular attention is given to Candida albicans, cytomegalovirus, polio virus, Herpes I and II, HTLV-III and Pseudomonas responding to the clinical application of CLO2. It is implied that these biochemical mechanisms are so fundamental that the development of resistant strains of bacteria and/or yeast would not occur with other anti-infectious agents. Limited lists of health abnormalities that respond to CLO2 are discussed."