Includes exploration of new ideas for innovative air cleaning approaches.This study is beingl conducted to learn more about how wildfire smoke and other sources of air pollution impact indoor and outdoor air quality, and how these impacts vary throughout the year.

"With prehumidification, recovery rates (± standard deviations) were much higher for nonenveloped viruses (T7 coliphage, 28% ± 19% with prehumidification versus 0.02% ± 0.01% without prehumidification; poliovirus, 29% ± 5% versus 3.2% ± 1.8%) but were unchanged for enveloped viruses (Semliki Forest virus [SFV], 32% ± 7% versus 42% ± 8%; Langat virus, 42% ± 10% versus 51% ± 12%) Benbough attributed the inactivation of nonenveloped viruses to structural rearrangement during abrupt rehydration in the impinger collection medium and suggested that slower rehydration rates, such as those experienced during the prehumidification process, were more favorable for polioviruses and coliphages" "Viruses that partition on the surface of aerosols may be subject to damage due to surface tension, shear stress, and conformational rearrangement driven by hydrophobicity." "Results showed that enveloped viruses lost infectivity dramatically (up to four orders of magnitude) due to aeration, while the nonenveloped ones did not." "Higher RH allows for larger final aerosol size and larger surface area due to less evaporation and, thus, greater potential for surface inactivation of hydrophobic lipid-containing viruses (i.e., enveloped viruses). Nonenveloped viruses are less likely to be affected." "While salts appear to be toxic to enveloped viruses, addition of salts to the medium has been shown to improve rather than reduce the viability of nonenveloped viruses... Benbough (1) suggested that salts can slow the rehydration process ... and thus reduce the chance of structural rearrangements that can be damaging in the capsid of nonenveloped viruses. Our interpretation of the enhanced viability is that salts can keep the aerosol and the virus in it from drying out completely at RHs above the ERH and thus reduce the chance of unwanted structural rearrangements during rehydration. This effect would benefit the nonenveloped viruses that need to retain their structural water; meanwhile, they are not susceptible to damage by salts, as are enveloped viruses."

The technical expertise of ASHRAE is concentrated in its Technical Committees (TCs), Task Groups (TGs), and Technical Resource Groups (TRGs). Find a TC list here.

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{Using Biozinc disinfectant} After crossing through a port of entry, drivers and passengers get out of their cars and walk through inflatable tunnels on the side of the road to help ward of

Device that puts hydrogen peroxide disinfectant in air in occupied spaces. CASPR Continuous Air & Surface Pathogen Reduction

***2011 {Importantly, C difficile spores. Zimek fogger used to disperse EPA-registered disinfectants. User instructions needed. Most surfaces in patient rooms are non-porous.

“Quaternary ammonium compounds were the most sensible solution for large area shipboard use, because they can effectively deactivate the virus by destroying its protein membrane,” Wynne said. “There are other chemicals that can be used to deactivate the virus, but they would be more corrosively aggressive to a ship’s delicate ecosystem."