1_r/devopsish

Use ftrace to debug inability to mount sysfs in unshared user namespace.

Linux Virtual Networking. GitHub Gist: instantly share code, notes, and snippets.

Security Enhanced Linux (SELinux) has been part of the mainline kernel for two decades to provide a security module implementing access control security policies and is now widely-used for enhancing the security of production Linux servers and other systems

Netflix’s service mesh adoption: history, motivations, and how we worked with the Envoy community on a feature to streamline mesh adoption

Introduction Today, we’re excited to announce the native support for enforcing Kubernetes network policies with Amazon VPC Container Networking Interface (CNI) Plugin. You can now use Amazon VPC CNI to implement both pod networking and network policies to secure the traffic in your Kubernetes clusters. Native support for network policies has been one of the […]

Apple will receive all of TSMC's first-generation 3-nanometer process chips this year for upcoming iPhones, Macs, and iPads, according to...

Public Knowledge and iFixit want the right to repair commercial kitchen gear.

On 23 February, 2017 the SHAttered attack demonstrated a practical SHA-1 hash collision. While it does not directly affect Git, it's only a matter of time before attacks are found against it. The NIST has started recommending to STOP using SHA-1 back in 2006! With v2.42.0 Git has finally marked

Phylum routinely identifies malware and other software supply chain attacks targeting high-value, critical assets: an organization’s software developers. Most recently, we’ve reported on a flurry of sophisticated attacks targeting JavaScript developers, respawning malware on PyPI, and were the first to identify North Korean state actors publishing malicious packages

Authors: Flynn (Buoyant), John Howard (Google), Keith Mattix (Microsoft), Michael Beaumont (Kong), Mike Morris (independent), Rob Scott (Google) We are thrilled to announce the v0.8.0 release of Gateway API! With this release, Gateway API support for service mesh has reached Experimental status . We look forward to your feedback! We're especially delighted to announce that Kuma 2.3+, Linkerd 2.14+, and Istio 1.16+ are all fully-conformant implementations of Gateway API service mesh support. Service mesh support in Gateway API While the initial focus of Gateway API was always ingress (north-south) traffic, it was clear almost from the beginning that the same basic routing concepts should also be applicable to service mesh (east-west) traffic. In 2022, the Gateway API subproject started the GAMMA initiative , a dedicated vendor-neutral workstream, specifically to examine how best to fit service mesh support into the framework of the Gateway API resources, without requiring users of Gateway API to relearn everything they understand about the API. Over the last year, GAMMA has dug deeply into the challenges and possible solutions around using Gateway API for service mesh. The end result is a small number of enhancement proposals that subsume many hours of thought and debate, and provide a minimum viable path to allow Gateway API to be used for service mesh. How will mesh routing work when using Gateway API? You can find all the details in the Gateway API Mesh routing documentation and GEP-1426 , but the short version for Gateway API v0.8.0 is that an HTTPRoute can now have a parentRef that is a Service, rather than just a Gateway. We anticipate future GEPs in this area as we gain more experience with service mesh use cases -- binding to a Service makes it possible to use the Gateway API with a service mesh, but there are several interesting use cases that remain difficult to cover. As an example, you might use an HTTPRoute to do an A-B test in the mesh as follows: apiVersion : gateway.networking.k8s.io/v1beta1 kind : HTTPRoute metadata : name : bar-route spec : parentRefs : - group : "" kind : Service name : demo-app port : 5000 rules : - matches : - headers : - type : Exact name : env value : v1 backendRefs : - name : demo-app-v1 port : 5000 - backendRefs : - name : demo-app-v2 port : 5000 Any request to port 5000 of the demo-app Service that has the header env: v1 will be routed to demo-app-v1 , while any request without that header will be routed to demo-app-v2 -- and since this is being handled by the service mesh, not the ingress controller, the A/B test can happen anywhere in the application's call graph. How do I know this will be truly portable? Gateway API has been investing heavily in conformance tests across all features it supports, and mesh is no exception. One of the challenges that the GAMMA initiative ran into is that many of these tests were strongly tied to the idea that a given implementation provides an ingress controller. Many service meshes don't, and requiring a GAMMA-conformant mesh to also implement an ingress controller seemed impractical at best. This resulted in work restarting on Gateway API conformance profiles , as discussed in GEP-1709 . The basic idea of conformance profiles is that we can define subsets of the Gateway API, and allow implementations to choose (and document) which subsets they conform to. GAMMA is adding a new profile, named Mesh and described in GEP-1686 , which checks only the mesh functionality as defined by GAMMA. At this point, Kuma 2.3+, Linkerd 2.14+, and Istio 1.16+ are all conformant with the Mesh profile. What else is in Gateway API v0.8.0? This release is all about preparing Gateway API for the upcoming v1.0 release where HTTPRoute, Gateway, and GatewayClass will graduate to GA. There are two main changes related to this: CEL validation and API version changes. CEL Validation The first major change is that Gateway API v0.8.0 is the start of a transition from webhook validation to CEL validation using information built into the CRDs. That will mean different things depending on the version of Kubernetes you're using: Kubernetes 1.25+ CEL validation is fully supported, and almost all validation is implemented in CEL. (The sole exception is that header names in header modifier filters can only do case-insensitive validation. There is more information in issue 2277 .) We recommend not using the validating webhook on these Kubernetes versions. Kubernetes 1.23 and 1.24 CEL validation is not supported, but Gateway API v0.8.0 CRDs can still be installed. When you upgrade to Kubernetes 1.25+, the validation included in these CRDs will automatically take effect. We recommend continuing to use the validating webhook on these Kubernetes versions. Kubernetes 1.22 and older Gateway API only commits to support for 5 most recent versions of Kubernetes . As such, these versions are no longer supported by Gateway API, and unfortunately Gateway API v0.8.0 cannot be installed on them, since CRDs containing CEL validation will be rejected. API Version Changes As we prepare for a v1.0 release that will graduate Gateway, GatewayClass, and HTTPRoute to the v1 API Version from v1beta1 , we are continuing the process of moving away from v1alpha2 for resources that have graduated to v1beta1 . For more information on this change and everything else included in this release, refer to the v0.8.0 release notes . How can I get started with Gateway API? Gateway API represents the future of load balancing, routing, and service mesh APIs in Kubernetes. There are already more than 20 implementations available (including both ingress controllers and service meshes) and the list keeps growing. If you're interested in getting started with Gateway API, take a look at the API concepts documentation and check out some of the Guides to try it out. Because this is a CRD-based API, you can install the latest version on any Kubernetes 1.23+ cluster. If you're specifically interested in helping to contribute to Gateway API, we would love to have you! Please feel free to open a new issue on the repository, or join in the discussions . Also check out the community page which includes links to the Slack channel and community meetings. We look forward to seeing you!! Further Reading: GEP-1324 provides an overview of the GAMMA goals and some important definitions. This GEP is well worth a read for its discussion of the problem space. GEP-1426 defines how to use Gateway API route resources, such as HTTPRoute, to manage traffic within a service mesh. GEP-1686 builds on the work of GEP-1709 to define a conformance profile for service meshes to be declared conformant with Gateway API. Although these are Experimental patterns, note that they are available in the standard release channel , since the GAMMA initiative has not needed to introduce new resources or fields to date.

We compare five streaming services to see which one offers the most for sportsball fans.

The US government is paying more attention to open source software and memory-safe programming languages, and is requesting input from the private sector.

Every time you propose or push a change to a repository deployed on Vercel, there’s a comment by an automated Vercel bot on the repository. This pings everyone involved in the change in their GitHub inbox. Other deployment tools like Netlify do the same. Snyk (a developer security startup) automatically scans and keeps track of vulnerabilities in your codebase. These vulnerabilities are posted by an automated GitHub app (which has 178k installs). Whenever a package has a vulnerability, every re

Data show that mass-shooting deaths behave as a “species” different from other gun deaths

This will be the first launch for ULA's Atlas V rocket in nearly 10 months.

Creators say they struggle to gain a foothold in a font market dominated by Monotype

Months after the campaign was discovered, victims are still coming forward and, in most cases, breaches at third-party vendors are to blame.

The leaders of Google, OpenAI, Microsoft and others will meet with lawmakers on Sept. 13 to kick off listening sessions that may shape A.I. rules in the United States.

None of us want to admit that we would rather feel overwhelmed than underwhelmed. In fact, we often experience a greater sense of our own value when we’re working than we do when we’re not. Working is not just a way to stay busy, but also to prove our worthiness – to others and to ourselves. The result is that without the right guardrails in place, we silently collude with employers who encourage us to overwork through intense pressure to perform. The authors outline strategies for intervening if you find yourself compulsively overworking, including honestly recognizing your tendency to work long and continuous hours, prioritizing sleep and movement, and choosing one activity outside of work that brings you true enjoyment.

Future imperfect

Welcome to a new week. Today’s update takes us to Vision Pro land. Apple is peeling back the cover of its Apple Vision Pro developer labs. We examine Apple’s motivation for hosting the labs. The discussion then turns to key differences between early Apple Watch app development and what we see unfold

Developer News

FOSS • Linux • Programming

Human rights organizations are raising alarms about a United Nations cybercrime treaty currently under negotiation, warning that the rules could expand the surveillance power of governments and give dictatorships further tools of repression.

After a historically slow period for tech IPOs, investors are getting read for debuts from Arm, Instacart and Klaviyo.