Sex contextualism in laboratory research: Enhancing rigor and precision in the study of sex-related variables
Understanding sex-related variation in health and illness requires rigorous and precise approaches to revealing underlying mechanisms. A first step is to recognize that sex is not in and of itself a causal mechanism; rather, it is a classification system comprising a set of categories, usually assigned according to a range of varying traits.
Moving beyond sex as a system of classification to working with concrete and measurable sex-related variables is necessary for precision. Whether and how these sex-related variables matter—and what patterns of difference they contribute to—will vary in context-specific
ways.