Single-Centre Retrospective Audit of Clostridium difficile Infections Post Ileostomy Reversal
Background Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection can have serious implications on patient outcomes, especially post ileostomy reversal. The symptoms can range from asymptomatic/mild ...
Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis during Invasive Mechanical Ventilation - PubMed
Among patients undergoing invasive ventilation, pantoprazole resulted in a significantly lower risk of clinically important upper gastrointestinal bleeding than placebo, with no significant effect on mortality. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; REVISE ClinicalTrials.g …
Proton-Pump Inhibitors to Prevent Gastrointestinal Bleeding - An Updated Meta-Analysis - PubMed
High certainty evidence supports the association of proton-pump inhibitors with decreased upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Proton-pump inhibitors may have little or no effect on mortality, although a decrease in mortality in less severely ill patients and an increase in mortality in more severely il …
Simple Antibiotic Switch for Pneumonia Patients Could Prevent Hospital Infection
THURSDAY, Nov. 2, 2023 (HealthDay News) -- A new study on Clostridioides difficile infections finds that choosing an alternative antibiotic for high-risk patien
Management of intra-abdominal infections: recommendations by the Italian council for the optimization of antimicrobial use - PubMed
Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are common surgical emergencies and are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospital settings, particularly if poorly managed. The cornerstones of effective IAIs management include early diagnosis, adequate source control, appropriate antimicrobial ther …
Management of intra-abdominal infections: recommendations by the Italian council for the optimization of antimicrobial use - PubMed
Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are common surgical emergencies and are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospital settings, particularly if poorly managed. The cornerstones of effective IAIs management include early diagnosis, adequate source control, appropriate antimicrobial ther …
Diagnosis of urinary tract infections in the hospitalized older adult population in Alberta - PubMed
UTIs are commonly misdiagnosed in hospitalized older adults by healthcare providers, resulting in the majority of such patients receiving unnecessary antibiotics, increasing the risk of complications. These findings will allow for initiatives to educate clinicians on the importance of UTI diagnosis …
Implementation of multifaceted diagnostic stewardship for Clostridioides difficile infection during the COVID-19 pandemic at a small Japanese hospital - PubMed
Multifaceted DS involving multidisciplinary specialists was effective in improving CD testing, suggesting that appropriate testing can contribute to diagnosing CDI accurately.
Does the Surgical Approach Affect the Incidence of Post-Hepatectomy Liver Failure in Cirrhotic Patients? An Analysis of the NSQIP Database - PubMed
Background: The association between surgical approach and post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) in cirrhotic patients is poorly understood. We hypothesize that patients will have similar rates of liver failure regardless of whether they undergo minimally invasive liver resection (MILR) or ope …
Impact of rifaximin use in infections and mortality in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy - PubMed
The use of rifaximin significantly reduces infections in patients with cirrhosis and HE. Despite rifaximin was associated with a decreased all-cause mortality, this impact was not statistically significant in the adjusted analysis.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Associated Risk Factors for Clostridium difficile in Patients Attending Tertiary Care Settings - PubMed
To determine the incidence of antimicrobial-resistant emerging pathogens, Clostridium difficile, and its associated risk factors in tertiary care setups of Pakistan. This cross-sectional prospective study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2020, to determine the prevalence and antimi …
Antibiotic Cocktail Effects on Intestinal Microbial Community, Barrier Function, and Immune Function in Early Broiler Chickens - PubMed
This study investigated the effects of an antibiotic cocktail on intestinal microbial composition, mechanical barrier structure, and immune functions in early broilers. One-day-old healthy male broiler chicks were treated with a broad-spectrum antibiotic cocktail (ABX; neomycin, ampicillin, metronid …
Benefits of Accepting Infectious Diseases Pharmacist Recommendations: A 5-Year Outcome Study in a Multihospital System - PubMed
Background: Infectious diseases (ID) pharmacists are pivotal members of antimicrobial stewardship teams. Prospective audit and feedback is a strong recommendation by The Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASP). Utilizing customized ASP in …
Benefits of Accepting Infectious Diseases Pharmacist Recommendations: A 5-Year Outcome Study in a Multihospital System - PubMed
Background: Infectious diseases (ID) pharmacists are pivotal members of antimicrobial stewardship teams. Prospective audit and feedback is a strong recommendation by The Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASP). Utilizing customized ASP in …
Critically Evaluating the Role for Postoperative Antibiotics in Patients Undergoing Urethroplasty With Buccal Mucosa Graft: A Claims Database Analysis - PubMed
In this large retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing urethroplasty with BMG, we observed no significant benefit from use of postoperative antibiotics on long-term revision rates or perioperative infectious complications.
Long-Term Outcomes Associated With β-Lactam Allergies - PubMed
Documented BL allergies were not associated with the long-term odds of mortality but were associated with antibiotic-resistant infections. Health systems should emphasize accurate allergy documentation and reduce unnecessary BL avoidance.
Assessing the quality of antimicrobial prescribing in solid organ transplant recipients: a new frontier in antimicrobial stewardship - PubMed
Our data show that adherence to locally developed guidelines was associated with reduced mortality and resistant-organism development in our cohort of SOTR.
Secondary prophylaxis for Clostridioides difficile infection for patients on non-C. difficile antibiotics: a retrospective cohort study - PubMed
Secondary prophylaxis with CDI antibiotics appears to be associated with a reduced risk of recurrence in patients with previous non-severe CDI episode. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Influence of Antibiotic Exposure Intensity on the Risk of Clostridioides difficile Infection - PubMed
ASI was strongly associated with HA-CDI and could be a useful tool in evaluating the impact of antibiotic stewardship on HA-CDI rates, providing more granular information than the more commonly used days of therapy.
Cefiderocol in Treating Critically Ill Patients with Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-negative Bacterial Infections
The PERSEUS study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of Fetroja/Fetcroja (cefiderocol), an innovative siderophore cephalosporin presented at the 34th ESCMID Global conference.
The human gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. However, the widespread use of antibiotics has raised concerns about its impact on the microbial ecosystem. This review explores the multifaceted relationship between antibiotics and gut dysbiosis, highlighting the mechanis …
Effects of prednisolone tapering on effectiveness of infliximab in patients with ulcerative colitis: data from a retrospective cohort - PubMed
In UC patients with limited disease burden, prednisolone did not affect effectiveness of infliximab. However, patients with increased disease burden seem to benefit from corticosteroid combination therapy.
Clostridioides difficile infection, recurrence and the associated healthcare consumption in Sweden between 2006 and 2019: a population-based cohort study - PubMed
CDI was associated with increased health consumption in all affected patient groups. The majority of the CDI burden could be contributed to hospital-acquired CDI (~ 9/10), older patients (~ 3/4) and those with multiple comorbidities (~ 6/10 Charlson score ≥ 3), with 1/5 of the total CDI burden contr …
Incorporating patient, nursing and environmental factors into antimicrobial stewardship: effects of simplifying treatment from cefuroxime to ceftriaxone - PubMed
This simplification of our AG from a three-times-daily to a once-daily antibiotic resulted in considerable savings for our hospital (roughly 1.7 full-time equivalent nurses and over a tonne of waste yearly), with no significant increases in CDI or 3GCR-E. The impact of dosing schedules on non-antibi …
Clostridioides difficile infection, recurrence and the associated healthcare consumption in Sweden between 2006 and 2019: a population-based cohort study - BMC Infectious Diseases
Background Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) causes a major burden to individuals and society, yet the impact may vary depending on age, sex, underlying comorbidities and where CDI was acquired (hospital or community). Methods This Swedish nationwide population-based cohort study (2006–2019) compared all 43,150 individuals with CDI to their 355,172 matched controls (first year and entire follow-up). Negative binomial regression models compared the cumulated length of stay, number of in-hospital admissions, outpatient visits and prescriptions after the first CDI episode expressed as incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals for the entire follow-up. Results Overall, 91.6% of CDI cases were hospital acquired, and 16.8% presented with recurrence(s); 74.8%of cases were ≥ 65 years and 54.2% were women. Compared to individuals without CDI, in-hospital stay rates were 18.01 times higher after CDI (95% CI 17.40–18.63, first-year: 27.4 versus 1.6 days), 9.45 times higher in-hospital admission (95% CI 9.16–9.76, first-year: 2.6 versus 1.3 hospitalisations), 3.94 times higher outpatient visit (95% CI 3.84–4.05, first-year: 4.0 versus 1.9 visits) and 3.39 times higher dispensed prescriptions rates (95% CI 3.31–3.48, first-year: 25.5 versus 13.7 prescriptions). For all outcomes, relative risks were higher among the younger (
