The diagnosis, pharmacologic management, and surgical options for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) are rapidly evolving, which presents a challenge for the busy surgeon to remain up to date on the latest clinical guidelines. This review provides an evidence-based practical guide for CDI mana …

17 randomized controlled trials involving 4,148 patients assessed the efficacy of various treatments, finding that fecal microbiota transplantation via the lower gastrointestinal route was the most effective.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurring periods of inflammation and remission, primarily affecting the colon. The concept of medication-related burden, which refers to the adverse effects experienced by patients due to conventional medical treatment …

CDI is associated with increased in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and hospital costs, but not with 30-day mortality in cirrhotic patients.

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) frequently complicates treatment of infections. A recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial tested a proprietary probiotic mixture and found that it reduced the incidence of AAD by 16%. This is encouraging for patients, but future progress on prob …

The rapid increase in microbial antibiotic resistance in Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) strains and the formation of hypervirulent strains have been associated with a global increase in the incidence of C. difficile infection (CDI) and subsequently, an increase in the rate of recurrence. Th …

Colitis is associated with many diseases, and treatment depends on the exact cause.

Dr David Johnson highlights studies on increasing disease rates, the surprising effects of palliative care consultations, and drugs on the verge of approval.

Taking probiotics with antibiotics can help protect the gut from the negative effects of antibiotics. But some people may benefit from it more than others.

PHILADELPHIA — Rebyota was safe and effective at 8 weeks and up to 6 months in patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection, many of whom had other gastrointestinal comorbidities and risk factors, according to data presented. “We showed a significant decrease in recurrence rates of Clostridioides difficile in a real-world population,” Timothy E. Ritter, MD, a

RBL is the first FDA-approved microbiota-based live biotherapeutic product for adults.

Fidaxomicin (FDX), an RNA polymerase (RNAP) inhibitor antibiotic, is a guideline-recommended therapy for Clostridioides difficile infection. Mutations associated with reduced FDX minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) have been identified. However, the molecular characterization of these mu …

Fidaxomicin (FDX), an RNA polymerase (RNAP) inhibitor antibiotic, is a guideline-recommended therapy for Clostridioides difficile infection. Mutations associated with reduced FDX minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) have been identified. However, the molecular characterization of these mu …

Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis is a severe and potentially life-threatening form of Clostridium difficile-associated bacterial disease leading to inflammation and damage to the colon. C...

The new horizon of Clostridioides difficile infection treatment

This rare but severe condition can result from antibiotic use.

Innovation Fund Denmark, Novo Nordisk Foundation, and Helsefonden.

Clostridioides difficile is an anaerobic, spore-forming, Gram-positive pathogen responsible for various conditions from mild diarrhea to severe toxic megacolon and potentially death. Current treatments for C. difficile infection (CDI) rely on antibiotics like vancomycin and metronidazole (MTZ); however, the high doses required often disrupt gut microbiota, leading to a high recurrence rate. Mitomycin C (MMC), a chemotherapy drug approved by the FDA, is known for inducing phage production in lysogenic bacterial strains, effectively targeting the host bacteria. Given that 70% of C. difficile strains harbor prophages, this study investigates MMC's potential to enhance antibiotic efficacy against CDI. Our in vitro experiments indicate that MMC acts synergistically with MTZ to inhibit the growth of C. difficile strain R20291. Furthermore, this combination decreases biofilm-resident vegetative cell resistance and reduces the MTZ concentration needed to kill C. difficile in stool samples ex vivo. In a CDI mouse relapse model, in vivo results show that MMC combined with a low dose of MTZ significantly improves survival rates and reduces fecal spore counts after antibiotic treatment. Overall, these findings suggest that a low-dose combination of MMC and MTZ offers enhanced therapeutic efficacy for CDI, both in vitro and in vivo, and may provide a promising new approach for treatment. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=368435, Identifier CRD42022368435.

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=368435, Identifier CRD42022368435.

In recent years, there has been a significant rise in both the frequency and severity of Clostridium difficile colitis. This infection presents a broad clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomat...

An analysis revealed that 29% exhibited reduced susceptibility to reduced vancomycin, underscoring the importance of enhanced monitoring of these strains to inform antibiotic prescribing practices.

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Enhancing Predictive Models for Mortality in Heart Failure Patients with Clostridioides Difficile Infection

Ferring presented new real-world data demonstrating that 73.3% of patients reported enhanced physical function and 86.7% experienced better mental well-being.

Bausch Health's additional ACG presentation to focus on Xifaxan impact on OHE rehospitalizations and Plenvu bowel preparation efficacy at ACG 2024. Posters to share findings on treatments

Clostridioides difficile and mortality in Hidradenitis Suppurativa patients: a retrospective cohort study

Recurrent CDI occurred in 10% of HCT recipients in the early posttransplant period and was associated with use of metronidazole. Further study is needed to characterize risk factors for recurrent CDI among HCT recipients to guide use of agents aimed at preventing recurrence.

In elderly IBD patients hospitalized for IBD flare and subsequently discharged, a concurrent CDI infection was not associated with post-discharge IBD-related complications or mortality up to 1-year.

Comprehensive strategies are needed to treat and prevent C. difficile infection, which is a significant contributor to morbidity across the general population.