New research finds levels of the chronic condition are now 15 times higher than pre-pandemic.

This study verified moderate coffee consumption, including decaffeination, can provide a new guideline for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2. Based on the results, we also suggest a coffee-drinking plan for people to prevent infection in the post-COVID-19 era.

Post‑COVID‑19 syndrome (or long‑COVID) was recognized as a clinical entity as early as in the spring of 2020, when it was documented that a non‑negligible number of patients with COVID‑19 continued to exhibit symptoms several weeks following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection. Although in the beginning of the COVID‑19 pandemic it was considered that almost all SARS‑CoV‑2 infections in children and adolescents were either asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic, it was duly noted that children and adolescents may also experience prolonged symptoms and may therefore also manifest post‑COVID syndrome. It was subsequently noted that post‑COVID syndrome in children may involve multiple organs and systems and persist, in the majority of cases, for several months; however, in some cases symptoms persisted even following 1 year of follow‑up. There is also evidence to indicate that children with post‑COVID syndrome are at an increased risk of developing anxiety, depression or loss of appetite, while the overall impact of post‑COVID syndrome on the developmental and psychological domain and overall well‑being of children remains largely unknown. The present review discusses the current state of knowledge on post‑COVID syndrome in children and compares it with that of adults. Issues of pathogenesis, prognosis, the role of vaccination and implications for future research are also discussed.

This analysis article aimed to identify and analyze all articles published on the post-COVID-19 condition in Latin America and the Caribbean, focusing on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk of bias. We did a systematic survey of the literature with broad inclusion criteria. The only exc …

Objective To estimate the number of people in Australia with long COVID by age group, and the associated medium term productivity and economic losses. Study design Modelling study: a susceptible–e...

A new study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine reveals that infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, significantly increases the rate of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) among COVID-19 survivors.

Although the association between HIV and long COVID was inconclusive, the prevalence of long COVID in patients with HIV was high.

Study highlights a fourfold increase in ME/CFS risk among COVID-19 patients, with 89% of post-COVID ME/CFS cases overlapping with severe long COVID symptom clusters.

Participants who received at least 1 COVID-19 vaccine booster dose had a 30% lower risk of long-COVID symptoms than their unvaccinated peers.

A meta-analysis of 429 studies published from 2021 to 2024 estimated a pooled global long COVID prevalence of 35 percent in COVID-19 positive individuals. The findings, titled Global Prevalence of Long COVID, its Subtypes and Risk Factors: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, were posted...

Importance Updated knowledge regarding the global prevalence of long COVID (or post-COVID-19 condition), its subtypes, risk factors, and variations across different follow-up durations and geographical regions is necessary for informed public health recommendations and healthcare delivery. Objective The primary objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the global prevalence of long COVID and its subtypes and symptoms in individuals with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, while the secondary objective is to assess risk factors for long COVID in the same population. Data Sources Studies on long COVID published from July 5, 2021, to May 29, 2024, searched from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were used for this systematic review. Supplemental updates to the original search period were made. Study Selection There were four inclusion criteria: (1) human study population with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis; (2) appropriate index diagnosis date; (3) outcome must include either prevalence, risk factors, duration, or symptoms of long COVID; and (4) follow-up time of at least two months after the index date. The exclusion criteria were: (1) non-human study population; (1) case studies or reviews; (2) studies with imaging, molecular, and/or cellular testing as primary results; (3) studies with specific populations such as healthcare workers, residents of nursing homes, and/or those living in long-term care facilities; and (4) studies that did not meet the sample size threshold needed to estimate overall prevalence with margin of error of 0.05. Data Extraction and Synthesis Two screeners independently performed screenings and data extraction, and decision conflicts were collectively resolved. The data were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis framework with a DerSimonian-Laird inverse variance weighted estimator. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary estimand (target population parameter of interest) was the prevalence of long COVID and its subtypes among individuals with confirmed COVID-19 diagnoses, and the secondary estimand was effect sizes corresponding to ten common risk factors of long COVID in the same population. Results A total of 442 studies were included in this mega-systematic review, and 429 were meta-analyzed for various endpoints, avoiding duplicate estimates from the same study. Of the 442 studies, 17.9% of the studies have a high risk of bias. Heterogeneity is evident among meta-analyzed studies, where the I 2 statistic is nearly 100% in studies that estimate overall prevalence. Global estimated pooled prevalence of long COVID was 36% among COVID-19 positive individuals (95% confidence interval [CI] 33%-40%) estimated from 144 studies. Geographical variation was observed in the estimated pooled prevalence of long COVID: Asia at 35% (95% CI 25%-46%), Europe at 39% (95% CI 31%-48%), North America at 30% (95% CI 24%-38%), and South America at 51% (95% CI 35%-66%). Stratifying by follow-up duration, the estimated pooled prevalence for individuals with longer follow-up periods of 1 to 2 years (47% [95% CI 37%-57%]) compared to those with follow-up times of less than 1 year (35% [95% CI 31%-39%]) had overlapping CI and were therefore not statistically distinguishable. Top five most prevalent long COVID subtypes among COVID-19 positive cases were respiratory at 20% (95% CI 14%-28%) estimated from 31 studies, general fatigue at 20% (95% CI 18%-23%) estimated from 121 studies, psychological at 18% (95% CI 11%-28%) estimated from 10 studies, neurological at 16% (95% CI 8%-30%) estimated from 23 studies, and dermatological at 12% (95% CI 8%-17%) estimated from 10 studies. The most common symptom based on estimated prevalence was memory problems estimated at 11% (95% CI 7%-19%) meta-analyzed from 12 studies. The three strongest risk factors for long COVID were being unvaccinated for COVID-19, pre-existing comorbidity, and female sex. Individuals with any of these risk factors had higher odds of having long COVID with pooled estimated odds ratios of 2.34 (95% CI 1.49-3.67) meta-analyzed from 6 studies, 1.59 (95% CI 1.28-1.97) from 13 studies, and 1.55 (95% CI 1.25-1.92) from 22 studies, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance This study shows long COVID is globally prevalent in the COVID-19 positive population with highly varying estimates. The prevalence of long COVID persists over extended follow-up, with a high burden of symptoms 1 to 2 years post-infection. Our findings highlight long COVID and its subtypes as a continuing health challenge worldwide. The heterogeneity of the estimates across populations and geographical regions argues for the need for carefully designed follow-up with representative studies across the world. Question What are the prevalence and patterns of long COVID and its subtypes, and what are the risk factors of long COVID? Results Meta-analysis of 429 studies published from 2021-2024 estimated a pooled global long COVID prevalence of 36% in COVID-19 positive individuals. Variations in geographical regions showed that South America had the highest pooled prevalence of 51% (95% CI: 35%-66%), and the prevalence does not seem to diminish with extended follow-up (less than 1 year: 35%, 95% CI: 31%-39% vs. 1 to 2 years: 47%, 95% CI: 37%-57%). The estimated pooled prevalence of eight major long COVID subtypes in COVID-19 positive individuals were 20% (respiratory), 20% (general fatigue), 18% (psychological), 16% (neurological), 12% (dermatological), 10% (cardiovascular), 9% (musculoskeletal) and 5% (gastrointestinal). Meaning Quantitative evidence shows a persistent prevalence of long COVID globally, with a significant burden of symptoms 1 to 2 years post-infection, underscoring the need for having accurate and standardized diagnostic tests and biomarkers for long COVID, a better understanding of the physiology of the condition, its treatment, and its potential effect on healthcare needs and workforce participation. The heterogeneity and wide range of the prevalence estimates call for representative samples in well-designed follow-up studies of long COVID across the world. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement This work was supported through grant DMS1712933 from the National Science Foundation and MI-CARES grant 1UG3CA267907 from the National Cancer Institute. The funders had no role in the design of the study; collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data; writing of the report; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: The study used ONLY openly available human data that were originally located in published studies available through databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable. Yes Data used in this meta-analysis were derived from previously published studies, which are publicly available through databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. No new or proprietary data were generated or collected in this study. A summary of the papers used can be found in the Supplement.

In the first domestic COVID-19 outbreak in Vietnam, the mortality rate was approximately 6% and associated with underlying medical conditions. In the follow-up surveys, a substantial proportion of participants reported long COVID related health problems, although the prevalence declined over time. F …

The prevalence and burden of postacute sequelae of COVID-19 has decreased over time in health care workers.

The lingering effects of COVID-19 have driven an estimated 4,000 people out of New Hampshire’s workforce and led around 5,300 more to reduce their hours, according to a new study

The world first became aware of Covid-19 five years ago. We evaluate where we are, remember how we got here, and consider where we may be going.

Covid-19 cases are rising up again in the United States as people are enjoying the holiday season.

MOSCOW, 21st October, 2021 (WAM/Reuters) -- Russia reported a record 1,036 coronavirus-related deaths in the last 24 hours as well as 36,339 new infections, a surge that has seen some health restrictions reinstated. Moscow's mayor announced four months of stay-home restrictions for unvaccinated over-60s and the government approved a week-long workplace shutdown to cope with fast-rising cases.

This cohort study examines the ratio between hospital- and community-onset respiratory viral infections at different levels of testing and masking from 2020 to 2024.

Fewer tests and relaxed precautions may be driving up COVID infections just as New Year’s events begin.

Special edition 174

Scientific Reports - Assessing COVID-19 transmission through school and family networks using population-level registry data from the Netherlands

The emergence of Covid-19 five years ago marked one of the worst public health crises in modern history. During the pandemic’s first two years, life expectancy in the US plummeted by about 2.7 years — the steepest decline since World War II.

The emergence of Covid-19 five years ago marked one of the worst public health crises in modern history. During the pandemic’s first two years, life expectancy in the US plummeted by about 2.7 years — the steepest decline since World War II.

Five years on from the emergence of Sars CoV-2, what have we learned?

Long COVID appears to be more prevalent in young and middle-aged adults and may not be taken as seriously as in other age groups, resulting in compromised lives.

The future of excess mortality after COVID-19

6.4% of US adults experience Long COVID, with 19.8% reporting significant activity limitations, while the updated RECOVER study refines the classification index.

As the world enters its sixth year since the COVID-19 pandemic began, 77 countries reported fresh cases and 27 countries saw people dying of the disease, accord

Most deaths occurred in 2020, 2021, and 2022

The study found that people with any type of COVID-19 infection were twice as likely to have a major cardiac event, such as heart attack, stroke or even death, for up to three years after diagnosis. Stanley Hazen, MD, PhD summarizes the findings of this Cleveland Clinic led trial and implications for practice and future research.