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SessionReaper, unauthenticated RCE in Magento & Adobe Commerce (CVE-2025-54236)
SessionReaper, unauthenticated RCE in Magento & Adobe Commerce (CVE-2025-54236)
by Sansec Forensics Team - sansec.io Published in Threat Research − September 08, 2025 Adobe released an out-of-band emergency patch for SessionReaper (CVE-2025-54236). The bug may hand control of a store to unauthenticated attackers. Automated abuse is expected and merchants should act immediately. Article updated: Sep 9th, 2025 13:48 UTC Adobe broke their regular release schedule to publish a fix for a critical (9.1) flaw in all versions of Adobe Commerce and Magento. The bug, dubbed SessionReaper and assigned CVE-2025-54236, allows customer account takeover and unauthenticated remote code execution under certain conditions. Sansec was able to simulate the attack and so may less benign parties. It does not help that the Adobe patch was accidentally leaked last week, so bad actors may already be working on the exploit code. Adobe's official advisory describes the impact as "an attacker could take over customer accounts," which does not mention the risk of remote code execution. The vulnerability researcher who discovered CVE-2025-54236 confirmed this on Slack: "Blaklis BTW, this is a potential preauth RCE, whatever the bulletin is saying. Please patch ASAP" SessionReaper is one of the more severe Magento vulnerabilities in its history, comparable to Shoplift (2015), Ambionics SQLi (2019), TrojanOrder (2022) and CosmicSting (2024). Each time, thousands of stores got hacked, sometimes within hours of the flaw being published. Timeline Aug 22nd: Adobe internally discusses emergency fix Sep 4th: Adobe privately announces emergency fix to selected Commerce customers Sep 9th: Adobe releases emergency patch for SessionReaper - CVE-2025-54236 in APSB25-88 What merchants should do If you are already using Sansec Shield, you are protected against this attack. If you are not using Sansec Shield, you should test and deploy the patch as soon as possible. Because the patch disables internal Magento functionality, chances are that some of your custom/external code will break. Adobe published a developer guide with instructions. If you cannot safely apply the patch within the next 24 hours, you should activate a WAF for immediate protection. Only two WAFs block this attack right now: Adobe Fastly and Sansec Shield. If you did deploy the patch but not within 24 hours of publication, we recommend to run a malware scanner like eComscan to find any signs of compromise on your system. We also recommend to rotate your secret crypt key, as leaking it would allow attackers to update your CMS blocks indefinitely. How the attack works Our security team successfully reproduced one possible avenue to exploit SessionReaper, but there are likely multiple vectors. While we cannot disclose technical details that could aid attackers, the vulnerability follows a familiar pattern from last year's CosmicSting attack. The attack combines a malicious session with a nested deserialization bug in Magento's REST API. The specific remote code execution vector appears to require file-based session storage. However, we recommend merchants using Redis or database sessions to take immediate action as well, as there are multiple ways to abuse this vulnerability. Active exploitation Sansec tracks ecommerce attacks in real-time around the globe. We have not seen any active abuse yet but will update this section when we do. Follow live ecommerce attacks here. Acknowledgements Credits to Blaklis for discovering the flaw. Thanks to Scott Robinson, Pieter Hoste and Tu Van for additional research. Sansec is not affiliated with Adobe and runs unbiased security research across the eCommerce ecosystem. Sansec protects 10% of all Magento stores worldwide.
·sansec.io·
SessionReaper, unauthenticated RCE in Magento & Adobe Commerce (CVE-2025-54236)
SAP fixes maximum severity NetWeaver command execution flaw
SAP fixes maximum severity NetWeaver command execution flaw
SAP has addressed 21 new vulnerabilities affecting its products, including three critical severity issues impacting the NetWeaver software solution. SAP NetWeaver is the foundation for SAP's business apps like ERP, CRM, SRM, and SCM, and acts as a modular middleware that is broadly deployed in large enterprise networks. In its security bulletin for September, the provider of enterprise resource planning (ERP) software lists a vulnerability with a maximum severity score of 10 out of 10 that is identified as CVE-2025-42944. The security issue is an insecure deserialization vulnerability in SAP NetWeaver (RMIP4), ServerCore 7.50. An unauthenticated attacker could exploit it to achieve arbitrary OS command execution by sending to an open port a malicious Java object through the RMI-P4 module. RMI-P4 is the Remote Method Invocation protocol used by SAP NetWeaver AS Java for internal SAP-to-SAP communication, or for administration. Though the P4 port is open on the host, some organizations may inadvertently expose it to wider networks, or the internet, due to firewall or other misconfigurations. According to the security bulletin, the second critical flaw SAP fixed this month is CVE-2025-42922 (CVSS v3.1 score: 9.9), an insecure file operations bug impacting NetWeaver AS Java (Deploy Web Service), J2EE-APPS 7.50. An attacker with non-administrative authenticated access can exploit a flaw in the web service deployment functionality to upload arbitrary files, potentially allowing full system compromise. The third flaw is a missing authentication check in NetWeaver, tracked under CVE-2025-42958 (CVSS v3.1 score: 9.1). This vulnerability allows unauthorized high-privileged users to read, modify, or delete sensitive data and access administrative functionality. SAP also addressed the following new high-severity flaws: CVE-2025-42933 (SAP Business One SLD): Insecure storage of sensitive data (e.g., credentials) that could be extracted and abused. CVE-2025-42929 (SLT Replication Server): Missing input validation allowing malicious input to corrupt or manipulate replicated data. CVE-2025-42916 (S/4HANA): Missing input validation in core components, risking unauthorized data manipulation. SAP products, deployed by large organizations and often handling mission-critical data, are often targeted by threat actors seeking high-value compromises. Earlier this month, it was revealed that hackers were exploiting a critical code injection vulnerability tracked as CVE-2025-42957, impacting S/4HANA, Business One, and NetWeaver products. System administrators are recommended to follow the patching and mitigation recommendations for the three critical flaws, available here (1, 2, 3) for customers with a SAP account.
·bleepingcomputer.com·
SAP fixes maximum severity NetWeaver command execution flaw
CVE-2025-32756: Fortinet RCE Exploited in the Wild
CVE-2025-32756: Fortinet RCE Exploited in the Wild
On May 13, 2025, FortiGuard Labs published an advisory detailing CVE-2025-32756, which affects a variety of Fortinet products: FortiCamera FortiMail FortiNDR FortiRecorder FortiVoice In their advisory, FortiGuard Labs states that Fortinet has observed this issue being exploited in the wild. The next day, May 14, the vulnerability was added to the CISA KEV catalog. The vulnerability is described in the advisory as a stack-based buffer overflow in the administrative API that can lead to unauthenticated remote code execution. Given that it’s being exploited in the wild, we figured we’d take a closer look. If you’d rather run the test instead of reading this write-up, coverage is already available in NodeZero.
·horizon3.ai·
CVE-2025-32756: Fortinet RCE Exploited in the Wild
Unpatched critical bugs in Versa Concerto lead to auth bypass, RCE
Unpatched critical bugs in Versa Concerto lead to auth bypass, RCE
Critical vulnerabilities in Versa Concerto that are still unpatched could allow remote attackers to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary code on affected systems. Three security issues, two of them critical, were publicly disclosed by researchers at the vulnerability management firm ProjectDiscovery after reporting them to the vendor and receiving no confirmation of the bugs being addressed. Versa Concerto is the centralized management and orchestration platform for Versa Networks' SD-WAN and SASE (Secure Access Service Edge) solutions. Three security issues, two of them critical, were publicly disclosed by researchers at the vulnerability management firm ProjectDiscovery after reporting them to the vendor and receiving no confirmation of the bugs being addressed. Versa Concerto is the centralized management and orchestration platform for Versa Networks' SD-WAN and SASE (Secure Access Service Edge) solutions.
·bleepingcomputer.com·
Unpatched critical bugs in Versa Concerto lead to auth bypass, RCE
(Non-US) :: DSL-3788 :: H/W Rev. Ax/Bx :: F/W v1.01R1B036_EU_EN :: Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability
(Non-US) :: DSL-3788 :: H/W Rev. Ax/Bx :: F/W v1.01R1B036_EU_EN :: Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability
On November 25, 2024, a third party, from SECURE NETWORK BVTECH, reported the D-Link DSL-3788 hardware revision B2 with firmware version vDSL-3788_fw_revA1_1.01R1B036_EU_EN or below, of a Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability. When D-Link became aware of the reported security issues, we promptly started investigating and developing security patches. Patches were release within the 90-day of the report of the vulnerabilities.
·supportannouncement.us.dlink.com·
(Non-US) :: DSL-3788 :: H/W Rev. Ax/Bx :: F/W v1.01R1B036_EU_EN :: Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability
Veeam warns of critical RCE flaw in Backup & Replication software
Veeam warns of critical RCE flaw in Backup & Replication software
Veeam has released security updates for several of its products as part of a single September 2024 security bulletin that addresses 18 high and critical severity flaws in Veeam Backup & Replication, Service Provider Console, and One.
·bleepingcomputer.com·
Veeam warns of critical RCE flaw in Backup & Replication software
CVE-2024-21591 - Juniper J-Web OOB Write vulnerability
CVE-2024-21591 - Juniper J-Web OOB Write vulnerability
  • Juniper Networks recently patched a critical pre-authentication Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in the J-Web configuration interface across all versions of Junos OS on SRX firewalls and EX switches. Unauthenticated actors could exploit this vulnerability to gain root access or initiate Denial of Service (DoS) attacks on devices that have not been patched. Ensure your systems are updated promptly to mitigate this risk. Check for exposed J-Web configuration interfaces using this Censys Search query: services.software.uniform_resource_identifier: cpe:2.3:a:juniper:jweb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*. * As emphasized last year in CISA’s BOD 23-02 guidance, exposed network management interfaces continue to pose a significant risk. Restrict access to these interfaces from the public internet wherever possible.
·censys.com·
CVE-2024-21591 - Juniper J-Web OOB Write vulnerability
Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in Google They Are Not Willing To Fix
Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in Google They Are Not Willing To Fix
This is a story about a security vulnerability in Google that allowed me to run arbitrary code on the computers of 50+ Google employees. Although Google initially considered my finding a serious security incident, later on, it changed its mind and stated that my finding is not, in fact, a vulnerability, but the intended behavior of their software.
·giraffesecurity.dev·
Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in Google They Are Not Willing To Fix
Analysis of a Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability in Cobalt Strike 4.7.1
Analysis of a Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability in Cobalt Strike 4.7.1
Command & Control (C2) frameworks are a very sensitive component of Red Team operations. Often, a Red Team will be in a highly privileged position on a target’s network, and a compromise of the C2 framework could lead to a compromise of both the red team operator’s system and control over beacons established on a target’s systems. As such, vulnerabilities in C2 frameworks are high priority targets for threat actors and Counterintelligence (CI) operations. On September 20, 2022, HelpSystems published an out-of-band patch for Cobalt Strike which stated that there was potential for Remote Code Execution (RCE).
·securityintelligence.com·
Analysis of a Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability in Cobalt Strike 4.7.1
Analysis of a Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability in Cobalt Strike 4.7.1
Analysis of a Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability in Cobalt Strike 4.7.1
Command & Control (C2) frameworks are a very sensitive component of Red Team operations. Often, a Red Team will be in a highly privileged position on a target’s network, and a compromise of the C2 framework could lead to a compromise of both the red team operator’s system and control over beacons established on a target’s systems. As such, vulnerabilities in C2 frameworks are high priority targets for threat actors and Counterintelligence (CI) operations. On September 20, 2022, HelpSystems published an out-of-band patch for Cobalt Strike which stated that there was potential for Remote Code Execution (RCE).
·securityintelligence.com·
Analysis of a Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability in Cobalt Strike 4.7.1
Warning: New attack campaign utilized a new 0-day RCE vulnerability on Microsoft Exchange Server
Warning: New attack campaign utilized a new 0-day RCE vulnerability on Microsoft Exchange Server
Circa the beginning of August 2022, while doing security monitoring & incident response services, GTSC SOC team discovered that a critical infrastructure was being attacked, specifically to their Microsoft Exchange application. During the investigation, GTSC Blue Team experts determined that the attack utilized an unpublished Exchange security vulnerability, i.e., a 0-day vulnerability, thus immediately came up with a temporary containment plan.
·gteltsc.vn·
Warning: New attack campaign utilized a new 0-day RCE vulnerability on Microsoft Exchange Server
Warning: New attack campaign utilized a new 0-day RCE vulnerability on Microsoft Exchange Server
Warning: New attack campaign utilized a new 0-day RCE vulnerability on Microsoft Exchange Server
Circa the beginning of August 2022, while doing security monitoring & incident response services, GTSC SOC team discovered that a critical infrastructure was being attacked, specifically to their Microsoft Exchange application. During the investigation, GTSC Blue Team experts determined that the attack utilized an unpublished Exchange security vulnerability, i.e., a 0-day vulnerability, thus immediately came up with a temporary containment plan.
·gteltsc.vn·
Warning: New attack campaign utilized a new 0-day RCE vulnerability on Microsoft Exchange Server
Vulnerability Analysis - CVE-2022-1388
Vulnerability Analysis - CVE-2022-1388
CVE-2022-1388 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) in the management interface of F5 Networks’ BIG-IP solution that enables an unauthenticated attacker to gain remote code execution on the system through bypassing F5’s iControl REST authentication. The vulnerability was first discovered by F5’s internal product security team and disclosed publicly on May 4, 2022.
·randori.com·
Vulnerability Analysis - CVE-2022-1388
Vulnerability Analysis - CVE-2022-1388
Vulnerability Analysis - CVE-2022-1388
CVE-2022-1388 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) in the management interface of F5 Networks’ BIG-IP solution that enables an unauthenticated attacker to gain remote code execution on the system through bypassing F5’s iControl REST authentication. The vulnerability was first discovered by F5’s internal product security team and disclosed publicly on May 4, 2022.
·randori.com·
Vulnerability Analysis - CVE-2022-1388
Vulnerability Analysis - CVE-2022-1388
Vulnerability Analysis - CVE-2022-1388
CVE-2022-1388 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) in the management interface of F5 Networks’ BIG-IP solution that enables an unauthenticated attacker to gain remote code execution on the system through bypassing F5’s iControl REST authentication. The vulnerability was first discovered by F5’s internal product security team and disclosed publicly on May 4, 2022.
·randori.com·
Vulnerability Analysis - CVE-2022-1388