Covid19-Sources

Daten, Fakten, Chronologie und Aufklärung

null

This systematic review and meta-analysis compares incidence rates of diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis among children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Experts have seen a 'substantial' yet unexplained rise in new cases worldwide since the pandemic.

Renin-angiotensin system, or RAS, is a physiological mechanism essential to human body function. The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes overactivation and malfunction of this system.

The incidence of myopericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination among adolescents aged 12–17 years remains unknown. Therefore, we conducted a study t…

It has been previously reported during the first COVID-19 outbreak that patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) an…

About a quarter of Americans who had COVID-19 never fully regained their sense of taste or smell, according to researchers at Mass. Eye and Ear, and patients say it’s having a major impact on their quality of life. Lisa Milne, of Pelham, New Hampshire, was first diagnosed with severe anosmia, or loss of smell, shortly after she contracted COVID-19 in…

The Department of Health (DOH) reported the country’s first case of the 'FE.1' subvariant of COVID-19 Omicro.

Climate model estimates show significant groundwater depletion during the 20th century, consistent with global mean sea level (GMSL) budget analysis. However, prior to the Argo float era, in the early 2000’s, there is little information about steric sea level contributions to GMSL, making the role of groundwater depletion in this period less certain. We show that a useful constraint is found in observed polar motion (PM). In the period 1993–2010, we find that predicted PM excitation trends estimated from various sources of surface mass loads and the estimated glacial isostatic adjustment agree very well with the observed. Among many contributors to the PM excitation trend, groundwater storage changes are estimated to be the second largest (4.36 cm/yr) toward 64.16°E. Neglecting groundwater effects, the predicted trend differs significantly from the observed. PM observations may also provide a tool for studying historical continental scale water storage variations.

To examine association of COVID- 19 with incident cardiovascular events in 17 871 UK Biobank cases between March 2020 and 2021.

Nature Communications - Population-based studies can provide information on the safety of COVID-19 vaccines. Here the authors report the rates of thrombosis and thrombocytopenia after vaccination...

null

BackgroundGiven the societal, economic and health costs of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI), it is important to assess their effects. Human mobility serves as a surrogate measure for human contacts and compliance with NPI. In Nordic countries, NPI have mostly been advised and sometime …

Hamburg soll einen Gedenkort für die Opfer der Coronapandemie bekommen. Nun können Bürger:innen vorschlagen, wie er gestaltet werden soll.

Zur Behandlung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Myalgischer Enzephalomyelitis/Chronischem Fatigue-Syndrom (ME/CFS) müsse ein bundesweites Netzwerk aufgebaut werden, fordern Mediziner beim Kinder- und Jugendärztetag.

Var tredje ung vuxen, 32 procent, upplever att de har hjärndimma. Det visar en undersökning från försäkringsbolaget If. En femtedel av de tillfrågade är oroliga för att drabbas av utmattning på grund av hjärndimma

This report describes how survivors of COVID-19 were at higher risk for developing many other health conditions.

The average number of patients at each reporting facility was 5.11, up from 4.55 in the previous week and from 2.63 between May 8 and May 14.

Experten haben untersucht, welche Berufsgruppen das höchste Risiko haben, an ...

Die Zahl derer, die wegen Covid-19 im Krankenhaus behandelt werden oder sogar daran sterben, ist drastisch gesunken

Viruses targeting mammalian cells can indirectly alter the gut microbiota, potentially compounding their phenotypic effects. Multiple studies have observed a disrupted gut microbiota in severe cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that require hospitalization. Yet, despite demographic shifts in disease severity resulting in a large and continuing burden of non-hospitalized infections, we still know very little about the impact of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection on the gut microbiota in the outpatient setting. To address this knowledge gap, we longitudinally sampled 14 SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects who remained outpatient and 4 household controls. SARS-CoV-2 cases exhibited a significantly less stable gut microbiota relative to controls. These results were confirmed and extended in the K18-humanized angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 mouse model, which is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. All of the tested SARS-CoV-2 variants significantly disrupted the mouse gut microbiota, including USA-WA1/2020 (the original variant detected in the USA), Delta, and Omicron. Surprisingly, despite the fact that the Omicron variant caused the least severe symptoms in mice, it destabilized the gut microbiota and led to a significant depletion in Akkermansia muciniphila. Furthermore, exposure of wild-type C57BL/6J mice to SARS-CoV-2 disrupted the gut microbiota in the absence of severe lung pathology.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued an EUA for the emergency use of PAXLOVID which includes nirmatrelvir, a SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro : also referred to as 3CLpro or nsp5 protease) inhibitor, and ritonavir, an HIV-1 protease inhibitor and CYP3A inhibitor, for the treatment of adults and pediatric patients (12 years of age and older weighing at least 40 kg) with mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and who are at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death.

Aims Long-COVID occurs after SARS-CoV-2 infection and results in diverse, prolonged symptoms. The present study aimed to unveil potential mechanisms, and to inform prognosis and treatment. Methods Plasma proteome from Long-COVID outpatients was analyzed in comparison to matched acutely ill COVID-19 (mild and severe) inpatients and healthy control subjects. The expression of 3072 protein biomarkers was determined with proximity extension assays and then deconvoluted with multiple bioinformatics tools into both cell types and signaling mechanisms, as well as organ specificity. Results Compared to age- and sex-matched acutely ill COVID-19 inpatients and healthy control subjects, Long-COVID outpatients showed natural killer cell redistribution with a dominant resting phenotype, as opposed to active, and neutrophils that formed extracellular traps. This potential resetting of cell phenotypes was reflected in prospective vascular events mediated by both angiopoietin-1 (ANGPT1) and vascular-endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA). Several markers (ANGPT1, VEGFA, CCR7, CD56, citrullinated histone 3, elastase) were validated by serological methods in additional patient cohorts. Signaling of transforming growth factor-β1 with probable connections to elevated EP/p300 suggested vascular inflammation and tumor necrosis factor-α driven pathways. In addition, a vascular proliferative state associated with hypoxia inducible factor 1 pathway suggested progression from acute COVID-19 to Long-COVID. The vasculo-proliferative process predicted in Long-COVID might contribute to changes in the organ-specific proteome reflective of neurologic and cardiometabolic dysfunction. Conclusions Taken together, our findings point to a vasculo-proliferative process in Long-COVID that is likely initiated either prior hypoxia (localized or systemic) and/or stimulatory factors (i.e., cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, angiotensin, etc). Analyses of the plasma proteome, used as a surrogate for cellular signaling, unveiled potential organ-specific prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

London – Ein anhaltender Geruchsverlust, der ein Leitsymptom von Long COVID ist, verändert auch die Informationsverarbeitung von olfaktorischen Signalen im... #LongCOVID #Geruchsverlust #Gehirn

New research has shown that COVID-19 can fuse brain cells together, and could explain brain fog, headaches, loss of taste and smell and other long-term neurological symptoms some patients experience.

Bei der Behandlung des Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 mit Metformin wurde bisher zu niedrig dosiert, um das volle Wirkpotenzial des Biguanids auszunutzen. Neueste Studien belegen bessere Therapieerfolge bei höheren Dosierungen bis maximal 3000 mg täglich. In der UKPD-Studie (United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study) verbesserte Metformin in der Monotherapie die Prognose adipöser Diabetiker signifikant.

Current antiviral treatment options for SARS-CoV-2 infections are not available globally, cannot be used with many medications, and are limited to virus-specific targets.1-3 Biophysical modeling of SARS-CoV-2 replication predicted that protein translation is an especially attractive target for antiviral therapy.4 Literature review identified metformin, widely known as a treatment for diabetes, as a potential suppressor of protein translation via targeting of the host mTor pathway.5 In vitro, metformin has antiviral activity against RNA viruses including SARS-CoV-2.6,7 In the COVID-OUT phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of outpatient treatment of COVID-19, metformin had a 42% reduction in ER visits/hospitalizations/death through 14 days; a 58% reduction in hospitalizations/death through 28 days, and a 42% reduction in Long COVID through 10 months.8,9 Here we show viral load analysis of specimens collected in the COVID-OUT trial that the mean SARS-CoV-2 viral load was reduced 3.6-fold with metformin relative to placebo (-0.56 log10 copies/mL; 95%CI, -1.05 to -0.06, p=0.027) while there was no virologic effect for ivermectin or fluvoxamine vs placebo. The metformin effect was consistent across subgroups and with emerging data.10,11 Our results demonstrate, consistent with model predictions, that a safe, widely available,12 well-tolerated, and inexpensive oral medication, metformin, can be repurposed to significantly reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral load. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Clinical Trial ClinicalTrials.gov: [NCT04510194][1] ### Funding Statement The fluvoxamine placebo tablets were donated by the Apotex pharmacy. The ivermectin placebo and active tablets were donated by the Edenbridge pharmacy. The trial was funded by the Parsemus Foundation, Rainwater Charitable Foundation, Fast Grants, and the United Health Foundation. The funders had no influence on the design or conduct of the trial and were not involved in data collection or analysis, writing of the manuscript, or decision to submit for publication. The authors assume responsibility for trial fidelity and the accuracy and completeness of the data and analyses. Dr. Bramante was supported by grants (KL2TR002492 and UL1TR002494) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and by a grant (K23 DK124654) from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the NIH. Dr. Buse was supported by a grant (UL1TR002489) from NCATS. Dr. Nicklas was supported by a grant (K23HL133604) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the NIH. Dr. Odde was supported by the Institute for Engineering in Medicine, UMN Office of Academic and Clinical Affairs COVID-19 Rapid Response Grant, the Earl E. Bakken Professorship for Engineering in Medicine, and by grants (U54 CA210190 and P01 CA254849) from the National Cancer Institute of the NIH. Dr. Murray was supported in part by the Medtronic Faculty Fellowship. Dr. Liebovitz receives funding from NIH RECOVER (OT2HL161847). Dr. Siegel was supported by NIH grants (18X107CF6 and 18X107CF5) through a contract with Leidos Biomedical and by grants from National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the NIH (T32HL129956), and the NIH (R01LM012982 and R21LM012744). Dr. Puskarich receives grants from Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-017069), Minnesota Partnership for Biotechnology and Medical Genomics (00086722), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the NIH (OT2HL156812). ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: The Institutional Review Board of Advarra gave ethical approval for this work (MET29324). I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable. Yes Data availability The data for this manuscript, as well as the code used to generate the results, will be made freely available for individuals with a defined research question within approximately 1 month of it being published. https://covidout.umn.edu [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT04510194&atom=%2Fmedrxiv%2Fearly%2F2023%2F06%2F07%2F2023.06.06.23290989.atom

Scientific Reports - The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy in 27 countries