Covid19-Sources

Scientific Reports - The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy in 27 countries

We previously assessed safety of monovalent messenger RNA (mRNA) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines using weekly surveillance monitoring known as rapid cycle analysis (RCA) among individuals aged 5 years and older, identifying an increased risk for myocarditis and pericarditis in younger males, particularly following dose 2 of the primary series.1–3...

A new study led by researchers at the University of Oxford’s Department of Computer Science has found that, between 2021 and 2022, COVID-19 was a leading cause of death in children and young people

Wie kann eine Reha bei Long Covid helfen?

There is now even more evidence for the connections between gum disease and development of severe COVID.For example, in acute COVID this paper reports an odds ratio for death of 14 in those with active gum disease.https://t.co/Z7w7DicIpb— Dr Graham Lloyd-Jones (@DrGrahamLJ) April 22, 2023

As various countries continue to report high levels of invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections — which cause severe illness, and in rare cases death within days — Canadian physicians are also raising alarms over a rise in serious cases this season.

Studies in dish suggest SARS-CoV-2 causes brain cells to stick together, but more research is needed to determine the significance

In diesem Thread sammle ich Studien/ Daten, die einen Zusammenhang von Covid19 und Diabetes untersuchen. Ich trage nur Literatur zusammen und versuche soweit es mir möglich ist werteneutral die Ergebnisse zu beschreiben. Der Thread ist erstmal unsortiert und ordnet nicht ein.— 🌍Derfel The Crackpot 🌍 (@DerfelTheMighty) January 31, 2022

The global COVID-19 landscape is increasingly complex; emerging new variants rapidly cause waves of infection in people with variably induced immunity. Most individuals now have so-called hybrid immunity from both infection and vaccination. However, sequential infecting variants, induction of immunity, and subsequent waning are interlinked, and immune protection against new variants is unclear.

Despite a large proportion of the population having been vaccinated and infected, Singapore had SARS-CoV-2 waves driven by the BA.5 and XBB sublineages of the omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. Data on the protective immunity against medically attended, symptomatic reinfections with omicron BA.4, BA.5, and XBB conferred by previous SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccinations are scarce. We therefore aimed to derive information from Singapore's experience as one of the first countries with an XBB-driven wave.

❓Why didn’t the UK🇬🇧 experience a severe COVID wave from Omicron “escape variants” XBB & BQ.1.1 in Winter 2022, unlike others (e.g. 🇸🇬🇺🇸)?🚨New data from @UCHLResearch @TheCrick Legacy study, out today @TheLancetInfDis⏩ https://t.co/Pk9pkidExwRead on: a 🧵... 1/n pic.twitter.com/Z9GEl7IH4v— Emma Wall (@dremmacbw) June 6, 2023

Vaccines have been central in ending the COVID-19 pandemic, but newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants increasingly escape first-generation vaccine protection. To fill this gap, live particle-based vaccines mimicking natural infection aim at protecting against a broader spectrum of virus variants. We designed “single-cycle SARS-CoV-2 viruses” (SCVs) that lack essential viral genes, possess superior immune-modulatory features and provide an excellent safety profile in the Syrian hamster model. Full protection of all intranasally vaccinated animals was achieved against an autologous challenge with SARS-CoV-2 virus using an Envelope-gene-deleted vaccine candidate. By deleting key immune-downregulating genes, sterilizing immunity was achieved with an advanced candidate without virus spread to contact animals. Hence, SCVs have the potential to induce a broad and durable protection against COVID-19 superior to a natural infection. ### Competing Interest Statement VC owns shares of RocketVax AG, Basel, CH. The other authors declare no competing interests. A patent application (no. WO 203/036947 A1) has been filed on the topic of this vaccine.

A new, intranasal, single-cycle vaccine concept consolidates the high safety of an intranasally applied vaccine that induces sterilizing immunity, which will be key to overcoming the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. 1/ pic.twitter.com/lhqd8pUia3— Vipin M. Vashishtha (@vipintukur) May 18, 2023

Lustig ist ja, dass die Querdullies diese Studie jetzt für die Einzige halten, die jemals zu diesem Thema gemacht wurde und sich jetzt auf das Sponsoring stürzen. 🤡https://t.co/JHAtW4HaIthttps://t.co/EXLk3xLENMhttps://t.co/EXLk3xLENMhttps://t.co/tWw4BKmP7A— Nathan Cole ⚕️ @mastodontech.de (@DrNathanCole) May 21, 2023

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Exclusive: Condition most prevalent among those who had Covid, raising possibility of link with Parkinson’s disease

BackgroundThis study aimed to compare the incidence of myocarditis in COVID-19 vaccines and in severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection groups.MethodsElectronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the WHO Global Literature on Coronavirus Disease) and trial registries were searched up to May 2022, for randomized controlled trials and observational cohort studies reporting the risk of myocarditis associated with the COVID-19 vaccines and the risk associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We estimated the effect of COVID-19 infection and vaccines on rates of myocarditis by random-effects meta-analyses using the generic inverse variance method. Meta-regression analyses were conducted to assess the effect of sex and age on the incidence of myocarditis.ResultsWe identified 22 eligible studies consisting of 55.5 million vaccinated cohorts and 2.5 million in the infection cohort. The median age was 49 years (interquartile range (IQR): 38–56), and 49% (IQR: 43 to 52%) were men. Of patients diagnosed with myocarditis (in both vaccination and COVID-19 cohort) 1.07% were hospitalized and 0.015% died. The relative risk (RR) for myocarditis was more than seven times higher in the infection group than in the vaccination group [RR: 15 (95% CI: 11.09–19.81, infection group] and RR: 2 (95% CI: 1.44-2.65, vaccine group). Of patients who developed myocarditis after receiving the vacc...

Although the exact prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition (also known as long COVID) is unknown, more than a third of patients with COVID-19 develop symptoms that persist for more than 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. These sequelae are highly heterogeneous in nature and adversely affect multiple biological systems, although breathlessness is a frequently cited symptom. Specific pulmonary sequelae, including pulmonary fibrosis and thromboembolic disease, need careful assessment and might require particular investigations and treatments. COVID-19 outcomes in people with pre-existing respiratory conditions vary according to the nature and severity of the respiratory disease and how well it is controlled. Extrapulmonary complications such as reduced exercise tolerance and frailty might contribute to breathlessness in post-COVID-19 condition. Non-pharmacological therapeutic options, including adapted pulmonary rehabilitation programmes and physiotherapy techniques for breathing management, might help to attenuate breathlessness in people with post-COVID-19 condition. Further research is needed to understand the origins and course of respiratory symptoms and to develop effective therapeutic and rehabilitative strategies.

Background This study estimates the burden of COVID-19 on mortality in Germany. It is expected that many people have died because of the new COVID-19 virus who otherwise would not have died. ...

This paper making the rounds at the moment claims that "excess deaths started in Mar 2021 in GER and is unlikely to come from covid but matches vaccines"It is rigged with issues which basically invalidate its claimLet me go through the major ones⤵️https://t.co/3LwsM9RbeL— Jean Fisch (@Jean__Fisch) June 1, 2023

Objective To evaluate longer term symptoms and health outcomes associated with post-covid-19 condition within a cohort of individuals with a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Design Population based, longitudinal cohort. Setting General population of canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Participants 1106 adults with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were not vaccinated before infection and 628 adults who did not have an infection. Main outcome measures Trajectories of self-reported health status and covid-19 related symptoms between months six, 12, 18, and 24 after infection and excess risk of symptoms at six months after infection compared with individuals who had no infection. Results 22.9% (95% confidence interval 20.4% to 25.6%) of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 did not fully recover by six months. The proportion of individuals who had an infection who reported not having recovered decreased to 18.5% (16.2% to 21.1%) at 12 months and 17.2% (14.0% to 20.8%) at 24 months after infection. When assessing changes in self-reported health status, most participants had continued recovery (68.4% (63.8% to 72.6%)) or had an overall improvement (13.5% (10.6% to 17.2%)) over time. Yet, 5.2% (3.5% to 7.7%) had a worsening in health status and 4.4% (2.9% to 6.7%) had alternating periods of recovery and health impairment. The point prevalence and severity of covid-19 related symptoms also decreased over time, with 18.1% (14.8% to 21.9%) reporting symptoms at 24 months. 8.9% (6.5% to 11.2%) of participants reported symptoms at all four follow-up time points, while in 12.5% (9.8% to 15.9%) symptoms were alternatingly absent and present. Symptom prevalence was higher among individuals who were infected compared with those who were not at six months (adjusted risk difference 17.0% (11.5% to 22.4%)). Excess risk (adjusted risk difference) for individual symptoms among those infected ranged from 2% to 10%, with the highest excess risks observed for altered taste or smell (9.8% (7.7% to 11.8%)), post-exertional malaise (9.4% (6.1% to 12.7%)), fatigue (5.4% (1.2% to 9.5%)), dyspnoea (7.8% (5.2% to 10.4%)), and reduced concentration (8.3% (6.0% to 10.7%)) and memory (5.7% (3.5% to 7.9%)). Conclusions Up to 18% of individuals who were not vaccinated before infection had post-covid-19 condition up to two years after infection, with evidence of excess symptom risk compared with controls. Effective interventions are needed to reduce the burden of post-covid-19 condition. Use of multiple outcome measures and consideration of the expected rates of recovery and heterogeneity in symptom trajectories are important in the design and interpretation of clinical trials. Registrations [ISRCTN18181860][1], . We are open to sharing de-identified individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this article. Requests can be made to the corresponding author at miloalan.puhan@uzh.ch. Data requestors will need to sign a data access agreement. [1]: /external-ref?link_type=ISRCTN&access_num=ISRCTN18181860

Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) are investigating how the immune system's T cells react to a wide variety of coronaviruses, ranging from SARS to common cold coronaviruses. Their ...

As COVID-19 evolves from a pandemic to an endemic disease, the already staggering number of people that have been or will be infected with SARS-CoV-2 is only destined to increase, and the majority of humanity will be infected. It is well understood that COVID-19, like many other viral infections, leaves a significant fraction of the infected with prolonged consequences. Continued high number of SARS-CoV-2 infections, viral evolution with escape from post-infection and vaccinal immunity, and reinfections heighten the potential impact of Long COVID. Hence, the impact of COVID-19 on human health will be seen for years to come until more effective vaccines and pharmaceutical treatments become available. To that effect, it is imperative that the mechanisms underlying the clinical manifestations of Long COVID be elucidated. In this article, we provide an in-depth analysis of the evidence on several potential mechanisms of Long COVID and discuss their relevance to its pathogenesis.

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Several methods were deployed to assess the nucleic acid composition of four expired vials of the Moderna and Pfizer bivalent mRNA vaccines. Two vials from each vendor were evaluated with Illumina sequencing, qPCR, RT-qPCR, Qubit™ 3 fluorometry and Agilent Tape Station™ electrophoresis. Multiple assays support DNA contamination that exceeds the European Medicines Agency (EMA) 330ng/mg requirement and the FDAs 10ng/dose requirements. These data may impact the surveillance of vaccine mRNA in breast milk or plasma as RT-qPCR assays targeting the vaccine mRNA cannot discern DNA from RNA without RNase or DNase nuclease treatments. Likewise, studies evaluating the reverse transcriptase activity of LINE-1 and vaccine mRNA will need to account for the high levels of DNA contamination in the vaccines. The exact ratio of linear fragmented DNA versus intact circular plasmid DNA is still being investigated. Quantitative PCR assays used to track the DNA contamination are described.

The mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were brought to market in response to the public health crises of Covid-19. The utilization of mRNA vaccines in the conte…

Objective: We present two patients with neurological complications following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Background: Post-vaccinal myelitis and demyelination is well described. We investigated two patients presenting inflammatory demyelination following mRNA based vaccination against COVID-19. Design/Methods: Patients were referred to the treating neurologist for a second opinion as possible cases of multiple sclerosis. Clinical neurological evaluation, MRI imaging of brain and spine as well as serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis was performed. Results: In case 1, the patient developed left-side numbness and difficulty walking six weeks post-second dose of the Moderna mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. She was found to have an enhancing thoracic cord lesion on MRIs, and CSF ELISA studies showed highly elevated IgG levels against the spike protein receptor-binding domain (S1-RBD) of COVID 19. In case 2, the patient began to hiccup and vomit, developed diplopia, and right-side weakness and numbness around two days post-second dose of the Moderna vaccine. MRIs showed two lesions on her brain and a C4 enhancing lesion on her spinal cord. CSF showed oligoclonal bands. However, further analysis of her spinal fluid showed highly elevated IgG antibodies to the S1-RBD. Conclusions: Initially, case 1 was diagnosed with transverse myelitis and possible multiple sclerosis, and case 2 with multiple sclerosis. Both patients likely would have received long-term immunosuppressive therapy had vaccine complications not been suspected. The presence of CSF antibodies to the S1-RBD protein suggests an immune response to the mRNA COVID-19 vaccinations crossing over to the CNS as the likely cause of these neurological complications. In patients developing acute neurological complaints in the period following vaccination, even with the presence of oligoclonal bands, CSF should be analyzed for reactivity against the S1-RBD. Further investigation is required to explain the mechanism of this response and subsequent complications. Both patients are clinically improving and will continue to be managed by a neurologist. Disclosure: Miss Malin has nothing to disclose. Mr. Lin has nothing to disclose. Ms. Roche has nothing to disclose. Ms. Griffin has nothing to disclose.

The newborns had seizures from the first day of life, and both had severe developmental delays. One infant died at 13 months, and the other was in hospice care.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology - Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, studies on the variants and sublineages stand out, mainly in the cases of reinfection in a short period. In this...