Covid19-Sources

Researcher says 'small number of people' still suffer from shortness of breath or weakness 12 months after infection, but 'vast majority' are OK

Nature Reviews Microbiology - Long COVID is an often debilitating illness of severe symptoms that can develop during or following COVID-19. In this Review, Davis, McCorkell, Vogel and Topol explore...

Nature Reviews Microbiology - Long COVID is an often debilitating illness of severe symptoms that can develop during or following COVID-19. In this Review, Davis, McCorkell, Vogel and Topol explore...

Angiogenesis - A wide range of cardiac symptoms have been observed in COVID-19 patients, often significantly influencing the clinical outcome. While the pathophysiology of pulmonary COVID-19...

Our findings suggest that COVID-19 is a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke. This indicates that acute myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke represent a part of the clinical picture of COVID-19, and highlights the need for vaccination against COVID-19.

Nature Cancer - Müller-Tidow and colleagues perform a randomized clinical trial and show that administration of convalescent plasma improves COVID-19 outcome in patients with cancer who are...

The datasets provide strong evidence that low D3 is a predictor rather than just a side effect of the infection. Despite ongoing vaccinations, we recommend raising serum 25(OH)D levels to above 50 ng/mL to prevent or mitigate new outbreaks due to escape mutations or decreasing antibody activity.

Objectives. To assess the effectiveness of vaccine-induced immunity against new infections, all-cause emergency department (ED) and hospital visits, and mortality in Indiana. Methods. Combining statewide testing and immunization data with patient medical records, we matched individuals who received at least 1 dose of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines with individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection on index date, age, gender, race/ethnicity, zip code, and clinical diagnoses. We compared the cumulative incidence of infection, all-cause ED visits, hospitalizations, and mortality. Results. We matched 267 847 pairs of individuals. Six months after the index date, the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was significantly higher in vaccine recipients (6.7%) than the previously infected (2.9%). All-cause mortality in the vaccinated, however, was 37% lower than that of the previously infected. The rates of all-cause ED visits and hospitalizations were 24% and 37% lower in the vaccinated than in the previously infected. Conclusions. The significantly lower rates of all-cause ED visits, hospitalizations, and mortality in the vaccinated highlight the real-world benefits of vaccination. The data raise questions about the wisdom of reliance on natural immunity when safe and effective vaccines are available. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(1):96–104. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307112)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Myocarditis after BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine against Covid-19 in Israel

Correspondence from The New England Journal of Medicine — Myocarditis after BNT162b2 Vaccination in Israeli Adolescents

What is going on with our immune cells after COVID-19 infection?This thread will explore some of the impacts of COVID infection on our immune system even after people are recovered including:- Missing naive T-cells- Exhausted T-cells- Loss of B-cell maturation🧵1/ pic.twitter.com/z8Y0ziD6gf— Dr. Jeff Gilchrist (@jeffgilchrist) December 22, 2022

The pediatric cardiac surgeon in Vancouver says recently, he’s had to transition from the operating room to supporting patients with respiratory illnesses.

Physical activity before COVID-19 infection is associated with less severe outcomes. The study determined whether a dose‒response association was observed and whether the associations were consistent across demographic subgroups and chronic conditions.

Torben Heinsohn and co-authors investigate infection and transmission risks of COVID-19 in schools, school-level infection control measures, and their contribution to population infections in Germany.

Nature Cardiovascular Research - Through analysis of the electronic medical records of 284,592 vaccinated patients, using a sequence–symmetry analysis, Kwan et al. show that the risk of...

COVID-19 is a serious threat to human health and development. The acute burden of the pandemic includes more than 18.2 million deaths worldwide, and is unprecedented in modern times. This represents only a fraction of the total burden, as it excludes infection sequelae. An effective global strategic paradigm has been missing throughout the pandemic. The ‘flattening the curve’ approach neglected the importance of infection sequelae, and being centered on healthcare capacity was conceptually contrary to a people-centered health system. In March 2022, the World Health Organization revised its pandemic approach, importantly shifting emphasis away from managing transmission and towards prevention. Despite limitations, this now recognizes the role of infection sequelae, whose impact is becoming clearer in both variety and scale. Drawing on the foundational concepts of Sun Tzu and Carl von Clausewitz, most country approaches do not qualify as strategies, but rather as operational plans. They are also largely ineffective, neglecting infection sequelae, viral evolution dangers and other parameters. The purpose of this article is to summarize the evidence on COVID-19 infection sequelae, and alongside other contextual parameters use this to motivate that infection should be prevented. This is then used to answer the question: What is an effective strategy against COVID-19?

MASTER THREAD 🧵Immune Dysregulation / Dysfunction Post-CovidFor your reference - all the important papers on post-Covid immune dysregulation in one convenient thread. To be shared liberally with anyone who dares to even whisper the ridiculous notion of immunity debt.— Raffy Flynn (@RaffyFlynnArt) December 11, 2022

Clinical Research in Cardiology - Cases of myocarditis, diagnosed clinically by laboratory tests and imaging have been described in the context of mRNA-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination....

Nature Medicine - A new analysis using US Department of Veterans Affairs databases showed that reinfection is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, hospitalization and a wide range...

Recent evidence indicates that a large proportion of deaths from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be attributed to cardiovascular disease, including acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias and heart failure. Indeed, severe infection increases the risk of heart failure among patients with COVID-19. In most patients, heart failure arises from complex interactions between pre-existing conditions, cardiac injury, renin-angiotensin system activation, and the effects of systemic inflammation on the cardiovascular system. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding pathogen-driven heart failure occurring during treatment for COVID-19, the potential effects of commonly used cardiovascular and anti-infective drugs in these patients, and possible directions for establishing a theoretical basis for clinical treatment.

Ein sicheres Verfahren zum Nachweis einer frühen SARS-CoV-2-Infektion ist der RT-PCR (Reverse Transkriptase-Polymerase-Kettenreaktion)-Test. Das Beispiel einer symptomfreien Patientin mit fünf PCR-Tests in knapp drei Wochen, von denen ausschließlich der mittlere positiv ausfiel, zeigt jedoch, dass man auch mit falsch-positiven Ergebnissen rechnen muss.

"Thromboembolism (TE) rates of COVID-19 are high and associated with higher risk of death. Robust evidence from ongoing clinical trials is needed to determine the impact of thromboprophylaxis on TE and mortality risk of COVID-19."—2020. Still waiting?https://t.co/M7railWlMe— Dr Elisa Perego (@elisaperego78) December 1, 2022

#LongCovid bei KindernEine Zusammenfassung von Studien und Meldungen:Klinische Merkmale, Aktivitätsniveaus und psychische Gesundheitsprobleme bei #Kindern mit LongCovid— Bert Weingarten (@WeingartenDE) March 12, 2021

Key Points. BNT162b2 induces release of exosomes carrying SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.Abs to SARS-CoV-2 develop after detection of circulatory exosomes.Exosomes wi

Cases, data, and surveillance to track and analyze COVID-19.

The Impact of Long COVID on Health, Society, and Economies A World Health Network Virtual Symposium Join us for our long COVID symposium! This global event brings together clinicians, researchers and patients to explore the latest advances in long COVID research and the impacts on health, society, and economies. With every passing day, we find more evidence that getting infected, or reinfected by COVID leads to the risk of chronic disease, long-term disability, and increased risk of heart attacks, strokes, brain damage, and impairment of the immune system. We see a worsening impact on families, communities, the workforce, and the economy. This symposium will cover key aspects of long COVID and the latest research findings, including: What is long COVID? What does it mean to live with it? How does it manifest? What are the underlying disease mechanisms? What can we do if we have long COVID? How can we protect ourselves?

Nature Communications - This Comment piece summarises current challenges regarding routine vaccine uptake in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and provides recommendations on how to increase...

SARS-CoV-2 causes profound changes in the sense of smell, including total smell loss. Although these alterations are often transient, many patients with COVID-19 exhibit olfactory dysfunction that lasts months to years. Although animal and human autopsy studies have suggested mechanisms driving acute anosmia, it remains unclear how SARS-CoV-2 causes persistent smell loss in a subset of patients. To address this question, we analyzed olfactory epithelial samples collected from 24 biopsies, including from nine patients with objectively quantified long-term smell loss after COVID-19. This biopsy-based approach revealed a diffuse infiltrate of T cells expressing interferon-γ and a shift in myeloid cell population composition, including enrichment of CD207+ dendritic cells and depletion of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Despite the absence of detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA or protein, gene expression in the barrier supporting cells of the olfactory epithelium, termed sustentacular cells, appeared to reflect a response to ongoing inflammatory signaling, which was accompanied by a reduction in the number of olfactory sensory neurons relative to olfactory epithelial sustentacular cells. These findings indicate that T cell–mediated inflammation persists in the olfactory epithelium long after SARS-CoV-2 has been eliminated from the tissue, suggesting a mechanism for long-term post–COVID-19 smell loss.

Correspondence from The New England Journal of Medicine — Neutralization against BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, and XBB from mRNA Bivalent Booster