Covid19-Sources

ARE-Wochenbericht Kalenderwoche 39 (26.9. bis 2.10.2022) Zusammenfassende Bewertung der epidemiologischen LageMit diesem ARE-Wochenbericht endet die Berichterstattung für die Saison 2021/22. Ab der nächsten Woche beginnt die wöchentliche Berichterstattung für die neue Saison 2022/23. Die Aktivität der akuten Atemwegserkrankungen (ARE-Raten) in der Bevölkerung (GrippeWeb) ist in der 39. KW 2022 im Vergleich zur Vorwoche leicht gestiegen. Die Werte liegen aktuell deutlich über den Werten der Vorsaisons. Im ambulanten Bereich (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Influenza) wurden in der 39. KW bundesweit deutlich mehr Arztbesuche wegen ARE als in der Vorwoche registriert. Die Zahl der Arzt- besuche liegt über dem Niveau der Vorjahre (seit 2006) um diese Zeit. Im NRZ für Influenzaviren wurden in der 39. KW 2022 in insgesamt 59 (58 %) der 101 eingesandten Sentinelproben respiratorische Viren identifiziert, darunter 32 (32 %) Proben mit Rhinoviren, jeweils zwölf (12 %) mit SARS-CoV-2 bzw. mit Parainfluenzaviren (PIV), sechs (6 %) mit Influenzaviren, drei (3 %) mit Respiratorischen Synzytialviren (RSV) und eine (1 %) Probe mit humanen saisonalen Coronaviren (hCoV). Humane Metapneumoviren (hMPV) wurden nicht nachgewiesen. Im Rahmen der ICD-10-Code basierten Krankenhaussurveillance (ICOSARI) ist die Zahl schwerer akuter respiratorischer Infektionen (SARI) in der 39. KW 2022 insgesamt leicht gesunken und liegt weiter- hin auf dem Niveau der vorpandemischen Jahre. Der Anteil der mit schwerer Atemwegserkrankung hospitalisierten Patienten mit einer COVID-19-Diagnose ist im Vergleich zur Vorwoche stabil geblieben und lag in der 39. KW bei 29 %. Die für diese Jahreszeit außergewöhnlich hohe ARE-Aktivität ist auf die Ko-Zirkulation verschiedener Atemwegserreger zurückzuführen, darunter hauptsächlich Rhinoviren, aber auch SARS-CoV-2 und Para- influenzaviren. Zunehmend werden auch Influenzaviren und RSV nachgewiesen.

Background Long-COVID is characterized by prolonged, diffuse symptoms months after acute COVID-19. Accurate diagnosis and targeted therapies for Long-COVID are lacking. We investigated vascular transformation biomarkers in Long-COVID patients. Methods A case–control study utilizing Long-COVID patients, one to six months (median 98.5 days) post-infection, with multiplex immunoassay measurement of sixteen blood biomarkers of vascular transformation, including ANG-1, P-SEL, MMP-1, VE-Cad, Syn-1, Endoglin, PECAM-1, VEGF-A, ICAM-1, VLA-4, E-SEL, thrombomodulin, VEGF-R2, VEGF-R3, VCAM-1 and VEGF-D. Results Fourteen vasculature transformation blood biomarkers were significantly elevated in Long-COVID outpatients, versus acutely ill COVID-19 inpatients and healthy controls subjects (P

Uğur Şahin and Özlem Türeci say mRNA Covid vaccine technology could be repurposed to help destroy cancer cells

Die Wirksamkeit der Influenza-Impfung kann in jeder Saison sehr unterschiedlich sein und sich auch hinsichtlich der einzelnen Virustypen sowie -subtypen unterscheiden. Die Impfeffektivität hängt dabei von verschiedenen Faktoren ab. Hierzu gehören beispielsweise das Alter des Impflings, frühere Influenza-Infektionen oder -Impfungen oder auch die Art des verwendeten Impfstoffes.

The infection fatality rate (IFR) of COVID-19 among non-elderly people in the absence of vaccination or prior infection is important to estimate accurately, since 94% of the global population is younger than 70 years and 86% is younger than 60 years. In systematic searches in SeroTracker and PubMed (protocol: ), we identified 40 eligible national seroprevalence studies covering 38 countries with pre-vaccination seroprevalence data. For 29 countries (24 high-income, 5 others), publicly available age-stratified COVID-19 death data and age-stratified seroprevalence information were available and were included in the primary analysis. The IFRs had a median of 0.035% (interquartile range (IQR) 0.013 - 0.056%) for the 0-59 years old population, and 0.095% (IQR 0.036 - 0.125%,) for the 0-69 years old. The median IFR was 0.0003% at 0-19 years, 0.003% at 20-29 years, 0.011% at 30-39 years, 0.035% at 40-49 years, 0.129% at 50-59 years, and 0.501% at 60-69 years. Including data from another 9 countries with imputed age distribution of COVID-19 deaths yielded median IFR of 0.025-0.032% for 0-59 years and 0.063-0.082% for 0-69 years. Meta-regression analyses also suggested global IFR of 0.03% and 0.07%, respectively in these age groups. The current analysis suggests a much lower pre-vaccination IFR in non-elderly populations than previously suggested. Large differences did exist between countries and may reflect differences in comorbidities and other factors. These estimates provide a baseline from which to fathom further IFR declines with the widespread use of vaccination, prior infections, and evolution of new variants. Highlights *Across 31 systematically identified national seroprevalence studies in the pre-vaccination era, the median infection fatality rate of COVID-19 was estimated to be 0.035% for people aged 0-59 years people and 0.095% for those aged 0-69 years. *The median IFR was 0.0003% at 0-19 years, 0.003% at 20-29 years, 0.011% at 30-39 years, 0.035% at 40-49 years, 0.129% at 50-59 years, and 0.501% at 60-69 years. *At a global level, pre-vaccination IFR may have been as low as 0.03% and 0.07% for 0-59 and 0-69 year old people, respectively. *These IFR estimates in non-elderly populations are lower than previous calculations had suggested. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement The work of John Ioannidis is supported by an unrestricted gift from Sue and Bob O Donnell. The work of Angelo Maria Pezzullo in this research has been supported by the European Network Staff Exchange for Integrating Precision Health in the Healthcare Systems project (Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange no. 823995). Cathrine Axfors has received funding outside this work from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation s Postdoctoral Fellowship (KAW 2019.0561) and postdoctoral grants from Uppsala University (E o R Borjesons stiftelse; Medicinska fakultetens i Uppsala stiftelse for psykiatrisk och neurologisk forskning), The Sweden-America Foundation, Foundation Blanceflor, Swedish Society of Medicine, and Marta och Nicke Nasvells fond. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication. ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes The protocol, data, and code used for this analysis will be made available at the Open Science Framework upon publication: https://osf.io/xvupr

Nach 10 Monaten Covid-19-Versorgung zieht wir eine Zwischenbilanz: Zahlen und Fakten aus den Intensivstationen der München Klinik.

Exclusive: Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus calls for ‘sustained’ efforts to help people still experiencing ‘prolonged suffering’

Pressemitteilung vom 17. August 2022: Corona-Pandemie: Lebenserwartung in Teilen Deutschlands stark gesunken

Das Vorliegen einer Gicht und allgemein einer rheumatischen Erkrankung wurde bislang nicht als eigenständiger Risikofaktor für einen schweren Verlauf mit Todesfolge bei einer COVID-19-Erkrankung angesehen. Analysen der Daten einer britischen Biobank,...

Persistent neurological symptoms affect a substantial fraction of people after COVID-19 and represent a major component of long COVID. Here, Monje and Iwasaki review what is understood about the neurobiological underpinnings of long COVID cognitive symptoms.

Interactive exploration of large phylogenetic trees

The great convergence: https://t.co/cs1aqQZioD https://t.co/V0fBCFcUfI pic.twitter.com/GeMhn7oUis— Theo Sanderson (@theosanderson) September 21, 2022

Over the last couple of months researchers tracking emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants have started noticing something strange. No one new variant has looked like taking over but instead a variety of different subvariants seemed to be accumulating the same mutations.

This formulation of intranasal ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 showed an acceptable tolerability profile but induced neither a consistent mucosal antibody response nor a strong systemic response.

Nature - The SARS-CoV-2 protein ORF8 functions as a mimic of histone H3 to disrupt host cell epigenetic regulation.

Das pandemische Coronavirus stört eine Signalkette, so dass sich die DNA enger zusammenrollt

Early data based on clinical observations by attending physicians from hospitals along with genomic sequencing data in Singapore, United Kingdom, France and Australia shows that the two new SARS-CoV-2 variants BQ.1.1 and BM.1.1 tend to attack the endothelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract more aggressively with many patients irrespective of age or existing comorbidities exhibiting disease sev...

Uncontrolled SARS-CoV-2 transmission at school could disrupt the regular conduct of teaching activities, likely seeding the transmission into other settings, and increasing the burden on contact-tracing operations.

Atlanta/Georgia – Die Schutzwirkung einer COVID-19-Impfung lässt auch nach einer Boosterung relativ rasch nach. Dies zeigt eine neue Analyse des... #BMJ #Studie #COVID19 #Impfen

Tallahassee, Fla.— Today, State Surgeon General Dr. Joseph A. Ladapo has announced new guidance regarding mRNA vaccines. The Florida Department of Health (Department) conducted an analysis through a self-controlled case series, which is a technique originally developed to evaluate vaccine safety.

This comprehensive Italian contact tracing study shows clearly that -COVID spreads far more easily in the schools than in the community.-Household spread was a major amplifier of childhood infection.H/T @dgurdasani1https://t.co/pJKnxJq60A pic.twitter.com/A1RmUDeRYd— Bob Morris, MD, PhD 🇺🇦 (@rdmorris) October 4, 2022

Background: Vaccine safety monitoring systems worldwide have reported cases of myocarditis/pericarditis after mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna), especially among younger male persons 0 to 7 days after they received dose 2 (1, 2). Less is known about the incidence of myocarditis/pericarditis after booster doses. Objective: To estimate the incidence of myocarditis/pericarditis during days 0 to 7 after mRNA vaccination by age, sex, dose number, and product.

New report on myocarditis after mRNA Covid vaccines w/verification of cases https://t.co/XXQbyeLiSP @AnnalsofIM Overall incidence ages 5-39 1st dose: 1 in 200,0002nd dose: 1 in 30,0003rd dose: 1 in 50,000"the benefits of mRNA vaccination greatly outweigh the risk" pic.twitter.com/xKErK7M0EQ— Eric Topol (@EricTopol) October 3, 2022

Hier ein kurzes Update zu Corona.Wir haben zusammen mit mehreren anderen Gruppen drei verschiedene Szenarien berechnet und die Ergebnisse verglichen. Kurz, wir sind (im Vergelich zu den vergangenen Wintern) relativ optimistisch.(1/N)— Viola Priesemann (@ViolaPriesemann) October 7, 2022

Research suggests immune response may be cause of delirium and brain fog in Covid patients

Background We aimed to systematically review the magnitude and duration of the protective effectiveness of prior infection (PE) and hybrid immunity (HE) against Omicron infection and severe disease. Methods We searched pre-print and peer-reviewed electronic databases for controlled studies from January 1, 2020, to June 1, 2022. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using the Risk of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I)-Tool. We used random-effects meta-regression to estimate the magnitude of protection at 1-month intervals and the average change in protection since the last vaccine dose or infection from 3 months to 6 or 12 months. We compared our estimates of PE and HE to previously published estimates of the magnitude and durability of vaccine effectiveness (VE) against Omicron. Findings Eleven studies of prior infection and 15 studies of hybrid immunity were included. For prior infection, there were 97 estimates (27 at moderate RoB and 70 at serious RoB), with the longest follow up at 15 months. PE against hospitalization or severe disease was 82.5% [71.8-89.7%] at 3 months, and 74.6% [63.1-83.5%] at 12 months. PE against reinfection was 65.2% [52.9-75.9%] at 3 months, and 24.7% [16.4-35.5%] at 12 months. For HE, there were 153 estimates (78 at moderate RoB and 75 at serious RoB), with the longest follow up at 11 months for primary series vaccination and 4 months for first booster vaccination. Against hospitalization or severe disease, HE involving either primary series vaccination or first booster vaccination was consistently 95% for the available follow up. Against reinfection, HE involving primary series vaccination was 69.0% [58.9-77.5%] at 3 months after the most recent infection or vaccination, and 41.8% [31.5-52.8%] at 12 months, while HE involving first booster vaccination was 68.6% [58.8-76.9%] at 3 months, and 46.5% [36.0-57.3%] at 6 months. Against hospitalization or severe disease at 6 months, hybrid immunity with first booster vaccination (effectiveness 95.3% [81.9-98.9%]) or with primary series alone (96.5% [90.2-98.8%]) provided significantly greater protection than prior infection alone (80.1% [70.3-87.2%]), first booster vaccination alone (76.7% [72.5-80.4%]), or primary series alone (64.6% [54.5-73.6%]). Results for protection against reinfection were similar. Interpretation Prior infection and hybrid immunity both provided greater and more sustained protection against Omicron than vaccination alone. All protection estimates waned quickly against infection but remained high for hospitalisation or severe disease. Individuals with hybrid immunity had the highest magnitude and durability of protection against all outcomes, reinforcing the global imperative for vaccination. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Clinical Protocols ### Funding Statement This work was supported by WHO through funding from the WHO Solidarity Response Fund. The funders had no role in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. The views of the authors are their own and do not necessarily reflect the official position of WHO. ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes Data extracted from published articles and used in our analysis will be made available upon request after approval of a study proposal. Data provided to us directly by authors of the included studies will not be shared unless permission from the original study authors is provided. Obtaining these permissions will be the responsibility of the investigators making the request for data.

Ergebnisse:1. PE: Schützende Wirkung einer früheren Infektion➡️Für frühere Infektionen gab es 97 Schätzungen (27 bei moderater RoB* und 70 bei schwerer RoB)➡️Die längste Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug 15 Monate.*RoB = Risk of bias = Risiko der Verzerrung 8/n pic.twitter.com/J17p1RXtzL— 𝘒𝘢𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘪𝘯 𝘌♭ 🎶 (@Musician1980) October 5, 2022

Die Zahl der Krankenhauseinweisungen aufgrund des neuartigen Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) variierte in der Schweiz je nach Altersklasse bis zum 29.