Covid19-Sources

A subset of antibodies detected in patients with severe COVID-19 target a specific region of the N-terminal domain of the spike protein and enhance binding of the virus to the ACE2 receptor.

Nature - Antibody-mediated SARS-CoV-2 uptake by monocytes and macrophages triggers inflammatory cell death that aborts the production of infectious virus but causes systemic inflammation that...

Among patients hospitalized with COVID-19, treatment with calcifediol, compared with those not receiving calcifediol, was significantly associated with lower in-hospital mortality during the first 30 days. The observational design and sample size may limit the interpretation of these findings.

The systemic illness associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection results in hospitalization rate of 380.3 hospitalizations per 100,000 population, overwhelming health care systems. Vitamin D regulates expression of approximately 11,000 genes spanning many physiologic ...

Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses an enormous challenge to health care systems throughout the world. Without causal treatment, identification of modifiable prognostic factors may help to improve outcomes. ...

Vitamin D deficiency was previously correlated with incidence and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We investigated the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level on admission and radiologic stage and outcome of COVID-19 ...

OBJECTIVE. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

KreuzimmunitätDie #Impfung sorgt für den Basisschutz und dafür, dass wir vor schwerem #COVID19 geschützt sind. Eine Durchbruchsinfektion baut den lokalen Schutz in den Schleimhäuten aus. https://t.co/QDyl4zzo7v— Johann Holzmann (@JohannHolzmann) July 26, 2022

The vitamin D endocrine system may have a variety of actions on cells and tissues involved in COVID-19 progression especially by decreasing the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Calcifediol can rapidly increase serum 25OHD concentration. We therefore ...

A randomized controlled trial of calcifediol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3) as a treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Córdoba, Spain, found that the treatment was associated with reduced ICU admissions with very large effect size and high statistical significance, but the study has had limited impact because it had only 76 patients and imperfect blinding, and did not measure vitamin D levels pre- and post-treatment or adjust for several comorbidities. Here we reanalyze the reported results of the study using rigorous and well established statistical techniques, and find that the randomization, large effect size, and high statistical significance address many of these concerns. We show that random assignment of patients to treatment and control groups is highly unlikely to distribute comorbidities or other prognostic indicators sufficiently unevenly to account for the large effect size. We also show that imperfect blinding would need to have had an implausibly large effect to account for the reported results. Finally, comparison with two additional randomized clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation for COVID-19 in India and Brazil indicates that early intervention and rapid absorption may be crucial for the observed benefits of vitamin D. We conclude that the Córdoba study provides sufficient evidence to warrant immediate, well-designed pivotal clinical trials of early calcifediol administration in a broader cohort of inpatients and outpatients with COVID-19.

This cohort study estimates the proportion of SARS-CoV-2–positive children with post–COVID-19 conditions 90 days after a positive test result, compares this proportion with SARS-CoV-2–negative children, and assesses factors associated with post–COVID-19 conditions.

Background: Much research shows that blood calcidiol (25(OH)D3) levels correlate strongly with SARS-CoV-2 infection severity. There is open discussion regarding whether low D3 is caused by the infection or if deficiency negatively affects immune defense. ...

Calgary – Kinder, die eine Infektion mit SARS-CoV-2 hatten, haben in den Folgemonaten häufiger gesundheitliche Beschwerden. Insbesondere klagen sie häufiger... #COVID19 #Studie #JAMA

Nature Genetics - Genetic and functional studies implicate allele-specific regulation of OAS1 splicing and nonsense-mediated decay in COVID-19 severity. The OAS1 risk haplotype is also associated...

The baseline composition of T cells directly impacts later response to pathogens, but the complexity of precursor states remains poorly defined. Here, we examined the baseline state of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in unexposed individuals. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells were identified in pre-pandemic blood samples by class II peptide-MHC tetramer staining and enrichment. Our data revealed a substantial number of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells that expressed memory phenotype markers. Integrated phenotypic analyses demonstrated diverse pre-existing memory states that included cells with distinct polarization states and trafficking potential to barrier tissues. T cell clones generated from tetramer-labeled cells cross-reacted with antigens from commensal bacteria in the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Direct ex vivo tetramer staining for one spike-specific population showed a similar level of cross-reactivity to sequences from endemic coronavirus and commensal bacteria. These data highlight the complexity of precursor T cell repertoire and implicate non-infectious exposures to common microbes as a key factor that shapes human pre-existing immunity to SARS-CoV-2.

The role of immune responses to previously seen endemic coronavirus epitopes in severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and disease progression has not yet been determined. Here, we show that a key characteristic of fatal outcomes with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is that the immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is enriched for antibodies directed against epitopes shared with endemic beta-coronaviruses and has a lower proportion of antibodies targeting the more protective variable regions of the spike. The magnitude of antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 full-length spike protein, its domains and subunits, and the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid also correlated strongly with responses to the endemic beta-coronavirus spike proteins in individuals admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with fatal COVID-19 outcomes, but not in individuals with nonfatal outcomes. This correlation was found to be due to the antibody response directed at the S2 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which has the highest degree of conservation between the beta-coronavirus spike proteins. Intriguingly, antibody responses to the less cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid were not significantly different in individuals who were admitted to an ICU with fatal and nonfatal outcomes, suggesting an antibody profile in individuals with fatal outcomes consistent with an “original antigenic sin” type response.

NEW: @UKHSA COVID-19 Variant Technical Briefing Technical Briefing: BA.4/5 + BA.2.75 https://t.co/hBtFci5YebShort thread 🧵 pic.twitter.com/9KwHzJUAJ6— 🇺🇦 Meaghan Kall (@kallmemeg) July 24, 2022

Urgent category-one surgery is having to be rescheduled at some Victorian hospitals amid crippling staff shortages, as doctors warn of a rise in people arriving at hospital with life-threatening complications after coronavirus and flu infections.

This retrospective cohort study examines the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke after COVID-19 infection among vaccinated vs unvaccinated adults in Korea.

Herzinfarkt, Schlaganfall tritt in den Mo nach #COVID19 deutlich vermehrt auf. Diese Studie schaute sich Unterschied ≥2 #Impfungen vs ungeimpft an.➡️ 90% weniger kritischer Verlauf von COVID➡️ 1-6Mo nach Infektion 60% weniger Herz- und Hirninfarkte.https://t.co/nrb3PYgrmS— Wolfgang Hagen 💉🚴🏻‍♂️🇪🇺 (@docjosiahboone) July 23, 2022

Es mehren sich die Hinweise darauf, dass das Coronavirus eine Vielzahl ganz unterschiedlicher Hautsymptome hervorrufen kann. Neben frostbeulenartigen

Die Multisystemerkrankung COVID-19 manifestiert sich vorwiegend als Exanthem unterschiedlicher Morphologie, aber auch in Form von Pernionen-artigen Hautveränderungen, einer Livedo reticularis und akralen Ischämien. Die SARS-CoV-2-Infektion ist eine...

Die Zahlen des Berichtsjahres 2021 stehen wie schon das Vorjahr unter dem maßgeblichen Einfluss der COVID-19-Pandemie. In der nachfolgenden Übersicht sind die Auswirkungen dieser Sondersituation deutlich zu erkennen. Während die Unfallzahlen trotz Zunahmen weiterhin deutlich unter dem vorpandemischen Niveau bleiben, sind im Bereich der Berufskrankheiten erneut starke Fallzahlanstiege zu beobachten.

Berlin – Die höchsten Inzidenzen der hospitalisierten COVID-19-Fälle liegen in allen Altersgruppen in der ungeimpften Bevölkerung vor. Dies geht aus dem heute... #COVID19 #Impfen

Aktuell ist der Krankenstand in Deutschland bei einer Erkrankungsart so hoch wie nie. Woran liegt das?

The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine has been theorized to provide protection against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our aim was to determine whether any MMR IgG titers are inversely correlated with severity in recovered COVID-19 patients previously vaccinated with MMR II. We divided 80 subjects into two groups, comparing MMR titers to recent COVID-19 severity levels. The MMR II group consisted of 50 subjects who would primarily have MMR antibodies from the MMR II vaccine, and a comparison group of 30 subjects consisted of those who would primarily have MMR antibodies from sources other than MMR II, including prior measles, mumps, and/or rubella illnesses. There was a significant inverse correlation (rs = −0.71, P  0.001) between mumps virus titers (mumps titers) and COVID-19 severity within the MMR II group. There were no significant correlations between mumps titers and severity in the comparison group, between mumps titers and age in the MMR II group, or between severity and measles or rubella titers in either group. Within the MMR II group, mumps titers of 134 to 300 arbitrary units (AU)/ml (n = 8) were found only in those who were functionally immune or asymptomatic; all with mild symptoms had mumps titers below 134 AU/ml (n = 17); all with moderate symptoms had mumps titers below 75 AU/ml (n = 11); all who had been hospitalized and had required oxygen had mumps titers below 32 AU/ml (n = 5). Our results demonstrate that there is a significant inverse correlation between mumps titers from MMR II and COVID-19 severity.

Correspondence from The New England Journal of Medicine — Duration of Shedding of Culturable Virus in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.1) Infection

Emma Rezel-Potts and colleagues investigate whether the incidence of new diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases are increased over 12 months after Covid-19 compared with matched controls.

A recent re-analysis of 2 randomised trials conducted before the pandemic found that a carrageenan-containing nasal spray shortened the duration of common colds caused by the OC43 or 229E coronaviruses. 🧵https://t.co/sYGl6qqUqu pic.twitter.com/76tdTFRZbo— Dr Zoë Hyde (@DrZoeHyde) July 15, 2022

Long Covid bedeutet für viele Menschen vor allem eines: ganz viele Fragezeichen. Zeit für einen Überblick.