Covid19-Sources

Eine Studie der US-Gesundheitsbehörde CDC belege, dass 81,8 Prozent der früh gegen Covid-19 geimpften Schwangeren eine Fehlgeburt erleiden. Das stimmt nicht

This study investigates the immunogenicity of extended mRNA vaccine dosing intervals.

INFECTION INSIGHTS - Findings from the UK’s world-leading human challenge study provide new insights into mild infections with SARS-CoV-2 in healthy young adults.

Patients with COVID-19 may develop abnormal inflammatory response and lymphopenia, followed in some cases by delayed-onset syndromes, often long-lasting after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. As viral infections may activate human endogenous retroviral elements (HERV), we studied the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on HERV-W and HERV-K envelope (ENV) expression, known to be involved in immunological and neurological pathogenesis of human diseases. Our results have showed that the exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virus activates early HERV-W and K transcription but only HERV-W ENV protein expression, in an infection- and ACE2-independent way within peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from one-third of healthy donors. Moreover, HERV-W ENV protein was significantly increased in serum and plasma of COVID-19 patients, correlating with its expression in CD3+ lymphocytes and with disease severity. Finally, HERV-W ENV was found expressed in post-mortem tissues of lungs, heart, brain olfactory bulb and nasal mucosa from acute COVID-19 patients in cell-types relevant for COVID-19-associated pathogenesis within affected organs, but different from those expressing of SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Altogether, the present study revealed that SARS-CoV-2 can induce HERV-W ENV expression in cells from individuals with symptomatic and severe COVID-19. Our data suggest that HERV-W ENV is likely to be involved in pathogenic features underlying symptoms of acute and post-acute COVID. It highlights the importance to further understand patients’ genetic susceptibility to HERV-W activation and the relevance of this pathogenic element as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target in COVID-19 associated syndromes. ![Figure][1] ### Competing Interest Statement HP, BC, JB, JP, NQ received compensation for their work from Geneuro Innovation (France) ### Funding Statement This study was funded by the french National Agency for Researsch (ANR) - program RA-COVID-19 V15 (project name : COVERI) ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: - Ethics committee/IRB of SECRETARIA DE SALUD INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ENFERMEDADES RESPIRATORIAS ISMAEL COSIO VILLEGAS (MEXICO)gave ethical approval for this work - Ethics committee/IRB of HOSPICES CIVILS DE LYON (HCL)/ BIOBANK OF CROIX ROUSSE HOSPITAL (FRANCE) gave ethical approval for this work - Ethics committee/IRB of SERVICIOS CIENTIFICO TECNICOS - SERVICIO DE BIOBANCO (BSSA)OF UNIVERSITY OF SARAGOZA (SPAIN) gave ethical approval for this work I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes All data produced in the present work are contained in the manuscript [1]: pending:yes

To overcome pandemics, such as COVID-19, vaccines are urgently needed at very high volumes. Here we assess the techno-economic feasibility of producing RNA vaccines for the demand associated with a global vaccination campaign. Production process performance ...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. mRNA vaccines directed at the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein resulted in development of Abs and protective immunity. To determine the mechanism, we analyzed the kinetics of induction of circulating

During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2), including third-dose boosting, differ from those generated by infection or adenoviral (ChAdOx1-S and Gam-COVID-Vac) or inactivated viral (BBIBP-CorV) vaccines. We analyzed human lymph nodes after infection or mRNA vaccination for correlates of serological differences. Antibody breadth against viral variants is lower after infection compared with all vaccines evaluated but improves over several months. Viral variant infection elicits variant-specific antibodies, but prior mRNA vaccination imprints serological responses toward Wuhan-Hu-1 rather than variant antigens. In contrast to disrupted germinal centers (GCs) in lymph nodes during infection, mRNA vaccination stimulates robust GCs containing vaccine mRNA and spike antigen up to 8 weeks postvaccination in some cases. SARS-CoV-2 antibody specificity, breadth, and maturation are affected by imprinting from exposure history and distinct histological and antigenic contexts in infection compared with vaccination.

Shi Zhengli has spent years at the Wuhan Institute of Virology researching coronaviruses that live in bats. Her work has come under fire as the world tries to understand where covid-19 came from.

The novel coronavirus, or SARS-CoV-2, which causes the highly contagious COVID-19, has infected millions of people worldwide.

Virus-like particle (VLP) and live virus assays were used to investigate neutralizing immunity to Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants in 239 samples from 125 fully vaccinated individuals. In uninfected, non-boosted individuals, VLP neutralization titers to Delta and Omicron were reduced 2.7-fold and 15.4-fold, respectively, compared to wild-type (WT), while boosted individuals (n=23) had 18-fold increased titers. Delta breakthrough infections (n=39) had 57-fold and 3.1-fold titers whereas Omicron breakthrough infections (n=14) had 5.8-fold and 0.32-fold titers compared to uninfected non-boosted and boosted individuals, respectively. The difference in titers (p=0.049) was related to a higher proportion of moderate to severe infections in the Delta cohort (p=0.014). Correlation of neutralizing and spike quantitative antibody titers was decreased with Delta or Omicron compared to WT. Neutralizing antibodies in Delta and Omicron breakthrough infections increase overall, but the relative magnitude of increase is greater in more clinically severe infection and against the specific infecting variant. ### Competing Interest Statement C.Y.C. is the director of the UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery and receives research support for SARS-CoV-2 studies from Abbott Laboratories. The other authors declare no competing interests. ### Funding Statement This work was funded by US CDC Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity (ELC) for Infectious Diseases Grant 6NU50CK000539 to the California Department of Public Health (COVIDnet) (M-K.M., C.H., D.A.W., C.Y.C.), the Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) at UC Berkeley and UC San Francisco (J.D., M.O., C.Y.C.), US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract 75D30121C10991 (C.Y.C.), the Roddenberry Foundation (M.O.), National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants R37AI083139 (M.O.), R21AI59666 (J.A.D.), and U54HL147127 (M.M.K.), the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.A.D.), the Gladstone Institutes (J.A.D. and M.O.), Abbott Laboratories (C.Y.C.), and the Sandler Program for Breakthrough Biomedical Research (C.Y.C.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views or opinions of the California Department of Public Health or the California Health and Human Services Agency. ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: Institutional Review Board of UCSF gave ethical approval for this work Details in manuscript: Blood samples were collected through two methods. First, remnant whole blood and plasma samples from patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at UCSF were retrieved from UCSF Clinical Laboratories daily based on availability. Remnant samples were biobanked and retrospective medical chart reviews for relevant demographic and clinical metadata were performed under a waiver of consent and according to protocols approved by the UCSF Institutional Review Board (protocol numbers 10-01116 and 11-05519). Samples were obtained from pediatric and adult patients of all genders. No analyses based on sex or age were conducted. Second, plasma samples were also collected through the UMPIRE (UCSF EMPloyee and community member Immune REsponse) study, a longitudinal COVID-19 research study focused on collection of prospective whole blood and plasma samples from enrolled subjects to evaluate the immune response to vaccination, with and without boosting, and/or vaccine breakthrough infection. Informed consent for participation in the UMPIRE study and collection of data and samples were obtained according to a protocol approved by the UCSF Institutional Review Board (protocol number 20-33083). I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes All data produced in the present study are available upon reasonable request to the authors.

This report describes how children and adolescents were more likely to receive a new diabetes diagnosis after infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.

Nature Communications - To monitor the presence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants in New York City, Smyth et al. perform deep-sequencing of the receptor binding domain of S protein in wastewater samples...

📍“Cryptic” unknown #SARSCoV2 variants were found in New York City sewers, many never before found in humans. Some could infect cells with mouse🐁 and/or rat🐀 ACE2-receptor, & were resistant to different neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. So 🍕rat-COVID?https://t.co/AUZrdGAHxn pic.twitter.com/I9UPzNIWyy— Eric Feigl-Ding (@DrEricDing) February 7, 2022

Vimeo hat meinen Kanal mit allen Beiträgen gelöscht. Nach LinkedIn und Youtube ist das eine weitere Steigerung der Zensur. Ich bin zu Odyssee gewechselt. Schande über VIMEO. Aber hier ist das gelöschte Video mit meinem Grußwort an die Spaziergänger.

New: Remarkable 90% and durable protection (3 months) with booster vs Omicron vs hospital admission, the 1st US data, confirms + extends @UKHSA data👍https://t.co/5MgpcQp06Y pic.twitter.com/dkaJIma3H4— Eric Topol (@EricTopol) January 20, 2022

Respiratory viral infections are a leading cause of disease worldwide. A variety of respiratory viruses produce infections in humans with effects ranging from asymptomatic to life-treathening. Standard surveillance systems typically only target severe ...

A better understanding of transmission dynamics is essential in influenza pandemic planning. If a substantial proportion of transmissions were to occur during the presymptomatic phase or from asymptomatic individuals, then infection control measures such ...

Während Corona sind laut einer Studie mehr Kinder an Typ-1-Diabetes erkrankt als zu erwarten war. Die Ursachen sind aber noch nicht ganz klar.

Perspective from The New England Journal of Medicine — Challenges in Inferring Intrinsic Severity of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant

Bolstering previous research, scientists publish 'remarkable' data showing strong link between vitamin deficiency, prevalent in Israel, and death or serious illness among patients

To establish a novel SARS-CoV-2 human challenge model, 36 volunteers aged 18-29 years without evidence of previous infection or vaccination were inoculated with 10 TCID50 of a wild-type virus (SARS-CoV-2/human/GBR/484861/2020) intranasally. Two participants were excluded from per pr...

News, analysis and comment from the Financial Times, the worldʼs leading global business publication

Recently, the Omicron variant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been described as immune escape variant. Here, we analyzed samples from BA.1 (Omicron) convalescent patients with different constellations of prior SARS-CoV-2 immunity regarding vaccination and previous infection with a non-Omicron variant and determined titers of neutralizing antibodies against different SARS-CoV-2 variants (D614G, Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma, Omicron). We found high neutralizing antibody titers against all variants for vaccinated individuals after BA.1 breakthrough infection or for individuals after infection with a pre-omicron variant followed by BA.1 infection. In contrast, samples from naive unvaccinated individuals after BA.1 infection mainly contained neutralizing antibodies against BA.1 but only occasionally against the other variants. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement This study did not receive any funding. ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: The ethics committee (EC) of the Medical University of Innsbruck has approved the study with EC numbers 1064/2021 and 1191/2021. I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes All data produced in the present study are available upon reasonable request to the authors.

SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron strains are the most globally relevant variants of concern (VOCs). While individuals infected with Delta are at risk to develop severe lung disease[1][1], Omicron infection causes less severe disease, mostly upper respiratory symptoms[2][2],[3][3]. The question arises whether rampant spread of Omicron could lead to mass immunization, accelerating the end of the pandemic. Here we show that infection with Delta, but not Omicron, induces broad immunity in mice. While sera from Omicron-infected mice only neutralize Omicron, sera from Delta-infected mice are broadly effective against Delta and other VOCs, including Omicron. This is not observed with the WA1 ancestral strain, although both WA1 and Delta elicited a highly pro-inflammatory cytokine response and replicated to similar titers in the respiratory tracts and lungs of infected mice as well as in human airway organoids. Pulmonary viral replication, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and overall disease progression are markedly reduced with Omicron infection. Analysis of human sera from Omicron and Delta breakthrough cases reveals effective cross-variant neutralization induced by both viruses in vaccinated individuals. Together, our results indicate that Omicron infection enhances preexisting immunity elicited by vaccines, but on its own may not induce broad, cross-neutralizing humoral immunity in unvaccinated individuals. ### Competing Interest Statement A.M.S. and J.A.D. are inventors on a patent application filed by the Gladstone Institutes and the University of California that covers the method and composition of SARS-CoV-2 VLP preparations for RNA transduction and expression in cells. J.A.D. is a cofounder of Caribou Biosciences, Editas Medicine, Scribe Therapeutics, Intellia Therapeutics, and Mammoth Biosciences. J.A.D. is a scientific advisory board member of Vertex, Caribou Biosciences, Intellia Therapeutics, eFFECTOR Therapeutics, Scribe Therapeutics, Mammoth Biosciences, Synthego, Algen Biotechnologies, Felix Biosciences, The Column Group, and Inari. J.A.D. is a director at Johnson & Johnson and Tempus and has research projects sponsored by Biogen, Pfizer, AppleTree Partners, and Roche. C.Y.C. is the director of the UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Study and receives research support from Abbott Laboratories. C.Y.C. also receives support for SARS-CoV-2 research unrelated to this study from Mammoth Biosciences. ### Funding Statement This research is funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health: NIAID R37AI083139 to M.O., NIH/NIAID (F31 AI164671-01) to I.P.C., NHLBI U54HL147127 to M.M. A.M.S is supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC PDF-533021-2019). M.O. and W.C.G also received support from the Roddenberry Foundation and M.O. received a gift from Pam and Ed Taft. J.A.D. acknowledges support from the National Institutes of Health (R21AI59666) and support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Gladstone Institutes. N.R. acknowledges support from the Van Auken Private Foundation, David Henke, and Pamela and Edward Taft; and Awards #2164 and #2208 from Fast Grants, a part of Emergent Ventures at the Mercatus Center, George Mason University. CYC acknowledges support by the Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) at UC Berkeley and UC San Francisco, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract 75D30121C10991, Abbott Laboratories, and the Sandler Program for Breakthrough Biomedical Research at UCSF. The group also acknowledges support from the James B. Pendleton Charitable Trust. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: Ethics committee/IRB of Advarra and UCSF gave ethical approval for this work. I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes All data produced in the present work are contained in the manuscript [1]: #ref-1 [2]: #ref-2 [3]: #ref-3

Scientific Reports - COVID-19 reinfections among naturally infected...

SARS-CoV-2 infects less than 1% of cells in the human body, yet it can cause severe damage in a variety of organs. Thus, deciphering the non-cell autonomous effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection is imperative for understanding the cellular and molecular disruption it elicits. Neurological and cognitive defects are among the least understood symptoms of COVID-19 patients, with olfactory dysfunction being their most common sensory deficit. Here, we show that both in humans and hamsters SARS-CoV-2 infection causes widespread downregulation of olfactory receptors (OR) and of their signaling components. This non-cell autonomous effect is preceded by a dramatic reorganization of the neuronal nuclear architecture, which results in dissipation of genomic compartments harboring OR genes. Our data provide a potential mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 infection alters the cellular morphology and the transcriptome of cells it cannot infect, offering insight to its systemic effects in olfaction and beyond.