Health

Curcuminoids from turmeric rhizome have significant health benefits but low bioavailability. To assess the pharmacokinetics of a novel natural turmeric dried colloidal suspension compared with 4 other turmeric formulations (including a standardized ...

Curcumin is a natural compound with great potential for disease treatment. A large number of studies have proved that curcumin has a variety of biological activities, among which anti-inflammatory effect is a significant feature of it. Inflammation ...

Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from the rhizomes of the turmeric plant, Curcuma longa which has anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Chronic inflammation is associated with the development of cancer. Curcumin acts on the regulation of ...

The results of this systematic review show that low vitamin D levels might contribute to the development of dementia. Further research examining the direct and indirect relationship between sunlight exposure and dementia risk is needed. Such research should involve large-scale cohort studies with ho …

Key words: Bioavailability, Fenugreek galactomannans, Fenumat, Fisetin, Flavonoids, Pharmacokinetics

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a medicine widely used to treat paracetamol overdose and as a mucolytic compound. It has a well-established safety profile, and its toxicity is uncommon and dependent on the route of administration and high dosages. Its ...

Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins (OPCs), as a class of compounds widely found in plants, are particularly abundant in grapes and blueberries. It is a polymer comprising many different monomers, such as catechins and epicatechins. The monomers are ...

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A few side effects of grape seed extract include allergies and drug interactions. Read this article to get a detailed understanding of its various side effects.

It is well established that maintaining healthy blood pressure is fundamental in order to avoid disorders to the heart and blood vessels. In prevention, and alongside pharmacological therapy, the use of natural substances has been proven to be ...

Obesity is defined as a complex, systemic disease characterized by excessive and dysfunctional adipose tissue, leading to adverse health effects. This condition is marked by low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic abnormalities, including mitochondrial dysfunction. These factors promote energy dysregulation and impact body composition not only by increasing body fat but also by promoting skeletal muscle mass atrophy. The decline in muscle mass is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in individuals with this disease. The European Food Safety Authority approved pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a natural compound, as a dietary supplement in 2018. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential role of PQQ, based on its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, in addressing dysfunctional adipose tissue metabolism and related disorders.

Introduction: This study evaluated the phar- macokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of single and multiple doses of opicapone (OPC) in healthy Chinese and Caucasian subjects. Methods: In this open-label, single-center, phase 1 study, eligible Chinese subjects received one of three OPC doses (25, 50, or 100 mg), and Caucasian subjects received either 25 or 50 mg of OPC. All subjects were administered a single dose of OPC, whereas subjects in the 50-mg OPC group continued to receive once-daily doses of 50 mg OPC for 10 days. The primary endpoint was to evaluate and compare the plasma concentrations and PK parameters of OPC and its main metabolite, and erythrocyte- soluble catechol-O-methyltransferase (S-COMT) activity in Chinese subjects with that of Cau- casian subjects. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate the safety of OPC in Chinese subjects. The estimated results for geometric mean ratios (GMRs) were evaluated with the standard bioe- quivalence (BE) limits between 80% and 125% to evaluate the ethnic differences. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4. Results: In total, 70 subjects (45 Chinese, 25 Caucasian) were enrolled; the majority of them were male (85.7%). The plasma exposure of both OPC and BIA 9-1103 increased in an approximately dose-proportional manner in both populations. Maximum S-COMT inhibi- tion ranged from 79% to 95% after a single dose and was about 94% after a 10-day once-daily regimen in both populations. The point esti- mates of GMRs (Chinese/Caucasian) and 90% CI, except Cmax in 25-mg and 50-mg OPC groups, for PK and PD parameters were within 80% to 125%. Furthermore, no new risks or safety concerns associated with OPC were identified, indicating a tolerable safety profile in healthy Chinese subjects.

This review is focused on the study of the effects of grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) on human health. GSSE contains high concentrations of important polyphenolic substances with high biological activity. This review is a summary of studies that ...

Find out more about OPC: advantages and disadvantages at a glance ⇒ Click here for the guide!

Scientific Reports - Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) target cancer stem-like cells and suppress tumor organoid formation in colorectal cancer

Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) is a redox-active quinone molecule with significant implications for human health. Originally identified as a bacterial…

Learn more about L-ARGININE uses, effectiveness, possible side effects, interactions, dosage, user ratings and products that contain L-ARGININE.

The anti-stress potential of dietary L-arginine (Arg) was assessed in psychosocially stress-loaded senescence-accelerated (SAMP10) mice. Although this strain of mouse is sensitive to stress, daily administration of Arg at 3 mg/kg significantly ...

Chronic hyperglycemia induces oxidative stress via accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contributes to diabetic complications. Hyperglycemia induces mitochondrial superoxide anion production through the increased activity of ...

Scientific Reports - Fisetin and luteolin protect human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative stress-induced cell death and regulate inflammation

Flavonoids are increasingly applied in foods to promote their functional properties, human health, and overall wellbeing. Luteolin, a polyphenolic pla…

Common flavonoid luteolin 3′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone has immense potential to be utilized as a chemopreventive dietary molecule. According to available data, luteolin interacts with a number of known cellular targets and prevents the growth of ...

Luteolin is a natural flavonoid, which exists in many plants, including onions, broccoli, carrots, peppers, celery, olive oil, and mint. Luteolin is a dietary flavonoid with potent uric acid‐lowering and antioxidant bioactivities. To date, the ...

L-carnitine (LC) is used as a supplement by recreationally-active, competitive and highly trained athletes. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of prolonged LC supplementation on metabolism and metabolic modifications. A literature ...

Flavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds with desired bio-functions but with chemical instability and sensitivity to temperature, oxygen, and other factors. Apigenin and luteolin, two flavones of the flavonoid family in plant foods, were; thus, ...

Arginine is an amino acid critically involved in multiple cellular processes including the syntheses of nitric oxide and polyamines, and is a direct activator of mTOR, a nutrient-sensing kinase strongly implicated in carcinogenesis. Yet, it is also considered as a non- or semi-essential amino acid, due to normal cells’ intrinsic ability to synthesize arginine from citrulline and aspartate via ASS1 (argininosuccinate synthase 1) and ASL (argininosuccinate lyase). As such, arginine can be used as a dietary supplement and its depletion as a therapeutic strategy. Strikingly, in over 70% of tumors, ASS1 transcription is suppressed, rendering the cells addicted to external arginine, forming the basis of arginine-deprivation therapy. In this review, we will discuss arginine as a signaling metabolite, arginine’s role in cancer metabolism, arginine as an epigenetic regulator, arginine as an immunomodulator, and arginine as a therapeutic target. We will also provide a comprehensive summary of ADI (arginine deiminase)-based arginine-deprivation preclinical studies and an update of clinical trials for ADI and arginase. The different cell killing mechanisms associated with various cancer types will also be described.

Arginine availability and activation of arginine-related pathways at cancer sites have profound effects on the tumor microenvironment, far beyond their well-known role in the hepatic urea cycle. Arginine metabolism impacts not only malignant cells ...

Scientific Reports - Arginase-induced cell death pathways and metabolic changes in cancer cells are not altered by insulin

• Low plasma ARG levels are associated with a worse clinical benefit rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival. • Low plasma ARG levels are associated with increased PD-L1 expression in immune cell subsets from the myeloid lineage. • The tumor rejection rate is higher in mice with high plasma ARG levels.

Arginine is a semi essential amino acid that is used in protein biosynthesis. It can be obtained from daily food intake or synthesized in the body through the urea cycle using l-citrulline as a substrate. Arginine has a versatile role in the body because it helps in cell division, wound healing, ammonia disposal, immune system, and hormone biosynthesis. It is noteworthy that l-arginine is the precursor for the biosynthesis of nitric oxide (NO) and polyamines. In the case of cancer cells, arginine de novo synthesis is not enough to compensate for their high nutritional needs, forcing them to rely on extracellular supply of arginine. In this review, we will go through the importance of arginine deprivation as a novel targeting therapy by discussing the different arginine deprivation agents and their mechanism of action. We will also focus on the factors that affect cell migration and on the influence of arginine on metastases through polyamine and NO.