AI/ML

archived 23 Jan 2023 12:33:44 UTC

Explore and run machine learning code with Kaggle Notebooks | Using data from No attached data sources

by Jean-Louis Gassée

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Galactica: https://galactica.org/ Explain Paper: https://www.explainpaper.com/ Elicit: https://elicit.org/

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ChatGPT has captured LLM headlines and amazed the AI community with its extensive natural language processing capabilities. A new LLM from Anthropic called Claude is competitive with ChatGPT and offers great promise. We evaluate both models head to head and give you our thoughts on how they compare.

The AI bot that CNET is using to churn out personal finance articles has a relatable problem: it keeps making dumb mistakes.

It has begun.

PyTorch uses the new Metal Performance Shaders (MPS) backend for GPU training acceleration.

Setup PyTorch on Mac/Apple Silicon plus a few benchmarks. - mrdbourke/pytorch-apple-silicon: Setup PyTorch on Mac/Apple Silicon plus a few benchmarks.

We build a Generatively Pretrained Transformer (GPT), following the paper "Attention is All You Need" and OpenAI's GPT-2 / GPT-3. We talk about connections to ChatGPT, which has taken the world by storm. We watch GitHub Copilot, itself a GPT, help us write a GPT (meta :D!) . I recommend people watch the earlier makemore videos to get comfortable with the autoregressive language modeling framework and basics of tensors and PyTorch nn, which we take for granted in this video. Links: - Google colab for the video: https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1JMLa53HDuA-i7ZBmqV7ZnA3c_fvtXnx-?usp=sharing - GitHub repo for the video: https://github.com/karpathy/ng-video-lecture - nanoGPT repo: https://github.com/karpathy/nanoGPT - my website: https://karpathy.ai - my twitter: https://twitter.com/karpathy - our Discord channel: https://discord.gg/3zy8kqD9Cp Supplementary links: - Attention is All You Need paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762 - OpenAI GPT-3 paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165 - OpenAI ChatGPT blog post: https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt/ - The GPU I'm training the model on is from Lambda GPU Cloud, I think the best and easiest way to spin up an on-demand GPU instance in the cloud that you can ssh to: https://lambdalabs.com . If you prefer to work in notebooks, I think the easiest path today is Google Colab. Suggested exercises: - EX1: The n-dimensional tensor mastery challenge: Combine the `Head` and `MultiHeadAttention` into one class that processes all the heads in parallel, treating the heads as another batch dimension (answer is in nanoGPT). - EX2: Train the GPT on your own dataset of choice! What other data could be fun to blabber on about? (A fun suggestion if you like: train on all the possible 3-digit addition problems and predict the sum in the reverse order. Does your Transformer learn the correct addition algorithm? Does it correctly generalize to the validation set?). - EX3: Find a dataset that is very large, so large that you can't see a gap between train and val loss. Pretrain the transformer on this data, then initialize with that model and finetune it on tiny shakespeare with a smaller number of steps and lower learning rate. Can you obtain a lower validation loss by the use of pretraining? - EX4: Read some transformer papers and implement one additional feature or change that people seem to use. Does it improve the performance of your GPT? Chapters: 00:00:00 intro: ChatGPT, Transformers, nanoGPT, Shakespeare baseline language modeling, code setup 00:07:52 reading and exploring the data 00:09:28 tokenization, train/val split 00:14:27 data loader: batches of chunks of data 00:22:11 simplest baseline: bigram language model, loss, generation 00:34:53 training the bigram model 00:38:00 port our code to a script Building the "self-attention" 00:42:13 version 1: averaging past context with for loops, the weakest form of aggregation 00:47:11 the trick in self-attention: matrix multiply as weighted aggregation 00:51:54 version 2: using matrix multiply 00:54:42 version 3: adding softmax 00:58:26 minor code cleanup 01:00:18 positional encoding 01:02:00 THE CRUX OF THE VIDEO: version 4: self-attention 01:11:38 note 1: attention as communication 01:12:46 note 2: attention has no notion of space, operates over sets 01:13:40 note 3: there is no communication across batch dimension 01:14:14 note 4: encoder blocks vs. decoder blocks 01:15:39 note 5: attention vs. self-attention vs. cross-attention 01:16:56 note 6: "scaled" self-attention. why divide by sqrt(head_size) Building the Transformer 01:19:11 inserting a single self-attention block to our network 01:21:59 multi-headed self-attention 01:24:25 feedforward layers of transformer block 01:26:48 residual connections 01:32:51 layernorm (and its relationship to our previous batchnorm) 01:37:49 scaling up the model! creating a few variables. adding dropout Notes on Transformer 01:42:39 encoder vs. decoder vs. both (?) Transformers 01:46:22 super quick walkthrough of nanoGPT, batched multi-headed self-attention 01:48:53 back to ChatGPT, GPT-3, pretraining vs. finetuning, RLHF 01:54:32 conclusions Corrections: 00:57:00 Oops "tokens from the _future_ cannot communicate", not "past". Sorry! :)

Try it here: https://huggingface.co/spaces/JavaFXpert/Chat-GPT-LangChain Your API key from here: https://beta.openai.com/account/api-keys Wolfram Alpha: http...

Getty Images claims Stability AI ‘unlawfully’ scraped millions of images from its site. It’s a significant escalation in the developing legal battles between generative AI firms and content creators.

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This repo: https://github.com/daveshap/LongtermChatExternalSources Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/daveshap?fan_landing=true GitHub: https://github.com/daveshap Cognitive AI Lab Discord: https://discord.gg/yWYPwSFPjE LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dshap-automator/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/dshap_automator Mailing List: https://forms.gle/Sj4jYUb3quHLap1q9 00:00 - Introduction, Patreon, Comments, Etc 01:55 - Saving User Input 04:15 - Main Loop 07:14 - Side Tangent on Memories 09:20 - Compose the Corpus 14:12 - GPT-3 Prompts Used 15:18 - Response Handling 16:05 - Testing Output 19:00 - Teeing up Future Work 20:30 - Cognitive Architecture 21:30 - Outro (get in touch, comments, etc) All opinions expressed are my own. My content is not: legal advice, medical advice, or financial advice.

GPT-3 inside VSCode using the official OpenAI API.

Here’s a roundup of some of the papers I found interesting in 2022. This list is heavily slanted to my interests, which lean toward the appl...

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With spaCy for entity extraction, Keras for intent classification, and more!

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