Graph Data Modeling Without Graph Databases: PostgreSQL and Hybrid Approaches for Agentic Systems 🖇️ Organizations implementing AI systems today face a practical challenge: maintaining multiple specialized databases (vector stores, graph databases, relational systems) creates significant operational complexity, increases costs, and introduces synchronization headaches. Companies like Writer (insight from a recent Waseem Alshikh interview with Harrison Chase) have tackled this problem by implementing graph-like structures directly within PostgreSQL, eliminating the need for separate graph databases while maintaining the necessary functionality. This approach dramatically simplifies infrastructure management, reduces the number of systems to monitor, and eliminates error-prone synchronization processes that can cost thousands of dollars in wasted resources. For enterprises focused on delivering business value rather than managing technical complexity, these PostgreSQL-based implementations offer a pragmatic path forward, though with important trade-offs when considering more sophisticated agentic systems. Writer implemented a subject-predicate-object triple structure directly in PostgreSQL tables rather than using dedicated graph databases. This approach maintains the semantic richness of knowledge graphs while leveraging PostgreSQL's maturity and scalability. Writer kept the conceptual structure of triples that underpin knowledge graphs implemented through a relational schema design. Instead of relying on native graph traversals, Writer developed a fusion decoder that reconstructs graph-like relationships at query time. This component serves as the bridge between the storage layer (PostgreSQL with its triple-inspired structure) and the language model, enabling sophisticated information retrieval without requiring a dedicated graph database's traversal capabilities. The approach focuses on query translation and result combination rather than storage structure optimization. Complementing the triple-based approach, PostgreSQL with extensions (PG Vector and PG Vector Scale) can function effectively as a vector database. This challenges the notion that specialized vector databases are necessary, Treating embeddings as derived data leads to a more natural and maintainable architecture. This reframes the database's role from storing independent vector embeddings to managing derived data that automatically synchronizes with its source. But a critical distinction between retrieval systems and agentic systems need to be made. While PostgreSQL-based approaches excel at knowledge retrieval tasks where the focus is on precision and relevance, agentic systems operate in dynamic environments where context evolves over time, previous actions influence future decisions, and contradictions need to be resolved. This distinction drives different architectural requirements and suggests potential complementary roles for different database approaches. | 15 comments on LinkedIn

This blog post is part of a series that dives into various aspects of SAP’s approach to Generative AI, and its technical underpinnings. In previous blog posts of this series, you learned about how to use large language models (LLMs) for developing AI applications in a trustworthy and reliable manner...

Discover how to empower LLM development through effective knowledge graph visualization. Learn to leverage yFiles for intuitive, interactive diagrams that simplify debugging and optimization in AI applications.

Multi-Layer Agentic Reasoning: Connecting Complex Data and Dynamic Insights in Graph-Based RAG Systems 🛜 At the most fundamental level, all approaches rely… | 11 comments on LinkedIn

Build a graph for RAG application for a price of a chocolate bar! What is GraphRAG for you? What is GraphRAG? What does GraphRAG mean from your perspective? What if you could have a standard RAG and a GraphRAG as a combi-package, with just a query switch? The fact is, there is no concrete, universal

To gain competitive advantage from gen AI, enterprises need to be able to add their own expertise to off-the-shelf systems. Yet standard enterprise data stores aren't a good fit to train large language models.

🏆🚣MiniRAG Introduces Near-LLM Accurate RAG for Small Language Models with Just 25% of the Storage. Achieving that by Semantic-Aware Heterogeneous Graph…

I love Markus J. Buehler's work, and his latest paper "Agentic Deep Graph Reasoning Yields Self-Organizing Knowledge Networks" does not disappoint, revealing… | 19 comments on LinkedIn

🏆🚣MiniRAG Introduces Near-LLM Accurate RAG for Small Language Models with Just 25% of the Storage. Achieving that by Semantic-Aware Heterogeneous Graph…

Dynamic Reasoning Graphs + LLMs = 🤝 Large Language Models (LLMs) often stumble on complex tasks when confined to linear reasoning. What if they could dynamically restructure their thought process like humans? A new paper introduces Adaptive Graph of Thoughts (AGoT), a test-time framework that replaces rigid prompting strategies (like Chain/Tree of Thought) with dynamic directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). Instead of forcing fixed reasoning steps, AGoT recursively decomposes problems into sub-tasks, selectively expanding only the most critical pathways. This is crucial for industries like scientific research or legal analysis, where problems demand non-linear, nested reasoning. The key innovation lies in complexity checks: AGoT assesses each reasoning node, spawning sub-graphs for intricate subtasks while resolving simpler ones directly. This mirrors how experts allocate mental effort—drilling into uncertainties while streamlining obvious steps. The framework achieved 46.2% improvement on GPQA (a notoriously hard science QA benchmark), rivaling gains from compute-heavy fine-tuning. By unifying chain, tree, and graph paradigms, AGoT retains CoT’s clarity, ToT’s exploration, and GoT’s flexibility without manual tuning. The result? LLMs that self-adapt their reasoning depth based on problem complexity—no architectural changes needed. For AI practitioners, AGoT’s DAG structure offers a principled interface to scale reasoning modularly. ↓ 𝐖𝐚𝐧𝐧𝐚 𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐰 𝐰𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐦𝐢𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐝? Join my newsletter with 50k+ readers that breaks down all you need to know about the latest LLM research: llmwatch.com 💡

Dynamic Reasoning Graphs + LLMs = 🤝 Large Language Models (LLMs) often stumble on complex tasks when confined to linear reasoning. What if they could… | 10 comments on LinkedIn

Today, I conducted a comparison between ChatGPT and DeepSeek chat capabilities by providing them with a schema and a natural language question. I tasked them…

David Hughes presented “Unleashing the Power of Multimodal GraphRAG: Integrating Image Features for Deeper Insights” at Data Day Texas 2025.

This study, sponsored by Graphwise, explores LLMs and RAG in enterprises and provides statistics from executives across various industries.

While retrieval-augmented generation is effective for simpler queries, advanced reasoning questions require deeper connections between information that exist across documents. They require a knowledge graph.

🧱Building Knowledge Graphs with LLM Graph Transformer A deep dive into LangChain’s implementation of graph construction with LLMs If you want to try out… | 32 comments on LinkedIn

The Pragmatic Evolution of Graph Data Models in Agentic Systems 🔬 The selection and implementation of appropriate graph paradigms for agentic systems…

Watch the first podcast of Paco Nathan's Graph Power Hour. This week's topic - Understanding Graph Rag: Enhancing LLM Applications Through Knowledge Graphs.

The Power of Graph-Native Intelligence for Agentic AI Systems How Entity Resolution, Knowledge Fusion, and Extension Frameworks Transform Enterprise AI ⚡…

We are launching a series of benchmarks to prove the value of GraphRAG for question & answering on complex documents. The process is simple, we ingest the…

A GCP native, fully serverless implementation that you will replicate in minutes

In this video, I introduce LightRAG, a new, cost-effective retrieval augmented generation (RAG) method that combines knowledge graphs and embedding-based ret...

Data Structures for Hyper-Personalized Lesson Plans

Document Metadata Generation, File Directory & Two-Step Information Retrieval Processes

Learn how to turn CSV files into graph models using LLMs, simplifying data relationships, enhancing insights, and optimizing workflows.

Graphs Neural Networks (GNNs) and LLMs are colliding in exciting ways. 💥 This survey introduces a novel taxonomy for categorizing existing methods that… | 19 comments on LinkedIn

It was recorded and I hope it'll get… — Emil Eifrem (@emileifrem)