Philosophers Develop AI-Based Teaching Tool to Promote Constructive Disagreement (guest post)
One way of thinking about the job of a philosophy instructor is that it’s about teaching students to disagree well. Yet when it comes to some moral, social, and political issues, students may seem reluctant to voice their own views in the classroom, let alone argue about them there. To help encourage and facilitate constructive disagreement among their students, a pair of philosophers have developed a new teaching tool: an AI-based chat platform that has already shown some promising results, and that they are making available to other teachers for free. In the following guest post, Simon Cullen and Nicholas DiBella (both at Carnegie Mellon) introduce us to this technology, which they’ve named Sway. Sway: an AI-Based Teaching Tool to Promote Constructive Disagreement by Simon Cullen and Nicholas DiBella Over half of American college students are afraid to discuss the Israel-Palestine conflict on campus, according to the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression. Other important issues like abortion, gun control, and affirmative action aren’t that far behind. Clearly, campuses need more respectful, scaffolded environments where students can practice constructive disagreement, honing skills like intellectual humility, perspective-taking, and critical thinking. We created a new kind of chat platform—called Sway—to address this need. Sway connects pairs of students who disagree over topics chosen by their instructor and then uses AI to facilitate more open, reasonable conversations between them. Sway scaffolds discussions in two main ways: Discussion guidance. An AI Guide participates in every chat. We’ve designed Guide to de-escalate tense moments, ensure students aren’t talking past each other, and make sure everyone’s voice gets heard. More importantly, Guide aims to improve student reasoning: it poses challenging questions, prompts students to clarify vague or incomplete arguments, unearths implicit assumptions, detects tensions and inconsistencies, and provides relevant factual information. Charitable rephrasing. When a student composes a message that contains unconstructive language, the platform suggests a better way for the student to make their point. This feature aims to preserve the core meaning of the original message while providing immediate feedback to help students develop a habit of clear and respectful communication. Students are free to dismiss suggested rephrasings, but doing so will invoke Guide; this ensures the conversation doesn’t get derailed. You can see Sway..