System Architecture

Telecoms giant AT&T once had giant computing ambitions. Its Bell Labs research arm invented the transistor and developed the C programming language and the Unix operating system. As the owner o…

From their first introduction in 2005, the debate between adopting a microservices architecture, a monolithic service architecture, or a hybrid between the two, has become one of the least-reversible decisions that most engineering organizations make. Even migrating to a different database technology is generally a less expensive change than moving from monolith to microservices or from microservices to monolith. The industry has in many ways gone full circle on that debate, from most hyperscalers in the 2010s partaking in a multi-year monolith to microservices migration, to Kelsey Hightower’s iconic tweet on the perils of distributed monoliths:

In this article we look at how sound is represented digitally. We also look at some simple code to generate audio in javascript.

OAuth 2.1 specification has been planned. Let's explore the key differences between OAuth 2.0 and OAuth 2.1 and how they were adopted in Logto.

Alonzo Church was an American mathematician, computer scientist, logician, and philosopher who made major contributions to mathematical logic and the foundations of theoretical computer science. He is best known for the lambda calculus, the Church–Turing thesis, proving the unsolvability of the Entscheidungsproblem, the Frege–Church ontology, and the Church–Rosser theorem. Alongside his doctoral student Alan Turing, Church is considered one of the founders of computer science.

In mathematics and computer science, the Entscheidungsproblem (German for 'decision problem'; .mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}pronounced [ɛntˈʃaɪ̯dʊŋspʁoˌbleːm]) is a challenge posed by David Hilbert and Wilhelm Ackermann in 1928.[1] It asks for an algorithm that considers an inputted statement and answers "yes" or "no" according to whether it is universally valid, i.e., valid in every structure.

A Turing machine is a mathematical model of computation describing an abstract machine that manipulates symbols on a strip of tape according to a table of rules. Despite the model's simplicity, it is capable of implementing any computer algorithm.

I want to provide a smooth experience to my site visitors, so I work on accessibility and ensure it works without JavaScript enabled. I care about page load time because some pages contain large illustrations, so I minify my HTML. But one thing makes turning my blog light as a feather a pain in the ass.

Erlang as a real-time platform for multitasking uses Preemptive Scheduling. The responsibility of an Erlang scheduler is selecting a process and executing based on priority, time slice or reduction bases. Erlang processes are scheduled on a reduction count basis. One reduction is roughly equivalent to a function call.

Have you ever found yourself tangled in the complexity of building a processing pipeline, wrestling with how to correctly design a pipeline…

How does Linux move from an awake machine to a hibernating one? How does it then manage to restore all state? These questions led me to read way too much C in trying to figure out how this particular hardware/software boundary is navigated.

Classification of architectural patterns

Stack Auth is open-source authentication for the modern web.

Introduction

In computing, the User-Agent header is an HTTP header intended to identify the user agent responsible for making a given HTTP request. Whereas the character sequence User-Agent comprises the name of the header itself, the header value that a given user agent uses to identify itself is colloquially known as its user agent string. The user agent for the operator of a computer used to access the Web has encoded within the rules that govern its behavior the knowledge of how to negotiate its half of a request-response transaction; the user agent thus plays the role of the client in a client–server system. Often considered useful in networks is the ability to identify and distinguish the software facilitating a network session. For this reason, the User-Agent HTTP header exists to identify the client software to the responding server.

In highly-censored regimes, circumvention tools like Tor — a browsing system which provides anonymity and unrestricted internet access — are often targeted by censors. In this article, Reporters Without Borders (RSF) introduces Tor bridges and explains how this technology can be used by journalists to access Tor. After blocking websites…

The Orca initiative aims to produce a unified platform and set of APIs to develop, distribute and run sandboxed graphical applications on a variety of operating systems.

#55: Break Into Amazon Engineering (6 Minutes)

State is time, time is state.

Although quantum processors exist today, they are still a long way off from becoming practical replacements for classical computers. This is due to many practical considerations, not the least of w…

The First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC (commonly shortened to First Draft) is an incomplete 101-page document written by John von Neumann and distributed on June 30, 1945 by Herman Goldstine, security officer on the classified ENIAC project. It contains the first published description of the logical design of a computer using the stored-program concept, which has come to be known as the von Neumann architecture; the name has become controversial due to von Neumann's failure to name other contributors.

A proper security provider that makes heavy use of eBPF will also build on eBPF’s functionalities to offer a comprehensive platform.

On an x86 system the BIOS is the first part of the system to become active along with the basic CPU core(s) functionality, or so things used to be until Intel introduced its Management Engine (IME)…

Part one: https://dayzerosec.com/blog/2023/04/17/reversing-the-amd-secure-processor-psp.html This is a follow-up part 2 to my previous post on the AMD Secure Processor (formerly known as the Platform Security Processor or "PSP"). In that post, I mentioned that the Cryptographic Co-Processor (CCP) is an essential component of how the PSP functions. It's primarily responsible for hardware-accelerated cryptography, but it's also used as a Direct Memory Access (DMA) copy engine for doing mass copy

I’ve really enjoyed using gRPC-Gateway to build gRPC/JSON-over-HTTP (RESTful) APIs in Go for quite a few years now. However, at first glance, itappears to be...

This document describes a framework which extends the Domain Name System (DNS) to provide network awareness to applications. The framework enables DNS system responses that are dependent on communication service requirements such as QoS or path without changes in the format of DNS protocol messages or application program interfaces (APIs). The different enhancement methods and use cases are discussed.