Modulating the immune response with the wake-promoting drug modafinil: A potential therapeutic approach for inflammatory disorders - PubMed
This would explain why the isomer of modafinil that I take, armodafinil, greatly reduces my pain
Caffeine and Modafinil Ameliorate the Neuroinflammation and Anxious Behavior in Rats during Sleep Deprivation by Inhibiting the Microglia Activation
Neuroinflammation being a factor, plus modafinil use. In my case, armodafinil works well for pain (Nuvigil).