When SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION can facilitate an ATTACK on our BRAIN, by PRIONS and AMYLOIDS.
“When SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION can facilitate an ATTACK on our BRAIN, by PRIONS and AMYLOIDS. (🧵mega-thread 8 studies)”
Covid and Brain Damage
Amyloid-forming potential of Betacoronavirus including SARS-CoV-2
“Amyloid-forming potential of Betacoronavirus including SARS-CoV-2”
Amyloid-forming potential of Betacoronavirus including SARS-CoV-2
Neurologic Manifestations of Long COVID Disproportionately Affect Young and Middle‐Age Adults
“Neurologic Manifestations of Long COVID Disproportionately Affect Young and Middle-Age Adults”
Neurologic Manifestations of Long COVID Disproportionately Affect Young and Middle-Age Adults
COVID-19 will never be like the Flu. Never.
“I have spent hundreds of hours in the microscope looking at the worst viruses can do to the brain, including the Zika virus, HIV, Flu, and others. I've never seen the type of damage SARS-CoV-2 leaves behind after infection with other viruses. “
How COVID Might Sow Chaos in the Brain
How COVID Might Sow Chaos in the Brain
SARS-CoV-2 appears to travel widely across the cerebral cortex
Headaches, hallucinations, vivid dreams, smell & taste anomalies, strokes and seizures
80% of COVID patients encountered neurological complications
Neurological complications after COVID-19: A narrative review
The widespread 🧠 neuro issues I’m witnessing can’t be overstated; a tipping point of previously healthy adults into early Parkinson’s/ GBS/ dementia/ ALS/ serious 👁️ issues/ strokes/ tremors/ vertigo / intractable anosmia & tinnitus etc
“The widespread 🧠 neuro issues I’m witnessing can’t be overstated; a tipping point of previously healthy adults into early Parkinson’s/ GBS/ dementia/ ALS/ serious 👁️ issues/ strokes/ tremors/ vertigo / intractable anosmia & tinnitus etc
An unparalleled horror show & crime.”
Are some cases of Alzheimer's disease caused by infection? - Harvard Health
“The virus that causes COVID-19, known as SARS-CoV-2, may also make the brain vulnerable to Alzheimer's”
"Widespread use of metal caused estimated 2- to 3-point drop in IQ for nearly 180 years of Pax Romana"
"Widespread use of metal caused estimated 2- to 3-point drop in IQ for nearly 180 years of Pax Romana"
Meanwhile, #Covid in 5 years: "Participants with persistent symptoms had a 6-point loss in IQ, while those who had been admitted to an ICU experienced a 9-point loss in IQ."
Long COVID Breakthrough: Spike Proteins Persist in Brain for Years
“A study reveals that the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 remains in the brain long after infection, causing potential neurological issues and accelerated brain aging. mRNA vaccines help lower this risk but are not completely effective in eliminating the protein.”
A study reveals that the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 remains in the brain long after infection, causing potential neurological issues and accelerated brain aging. mRNA vaccines help lower this risk but are not completely effective in eliminating the protein.
Clinic evaluation of cognitive impairment in post-COVID syndrome: Performance on legacy pen-and-paper and new digital cognitive tests
“Post-Covid cognitive impairment affects daily function and quality of life. • ACE-III fails to detect cognitive impairment in most post-Covid patients. • 89% of patients have impaired attention, executive function, processing speed on novel tests. • New tests are needed for post-Covid cognitive assessment in clinical practice.”
Post-Covid cognitive impairment affects daily function and quality of life.•ACE-III fails to detect cognitive impairment in most post-Covid patients.•89% of patients have impaired attention, executive function, processing speed on novel tests.•New tests are needed for post-Covid cognitive assessment in clinical practice.
Neuroimmune Dysfunction Facilitates COVID-19-Associated Neurological C
A review of the neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and long-term effects
What We Know About Covid’s Impact on Your Brain?
Brain shrinkage is observed even in mild or asymptomatic cases of Covid and impacts cognition.
Even mild COVID can cause brain shrinkage and affect mental function, new study shows
“Brain changes including shrinkage, weakened connections and poorer performance on thinking and memory tests could explain ‘brain fog’ after COVID – even after ‘mild’ cases.”
Frontiers | The impact of COVID-19 on accelerating of immunosenescence and brain aging
COVID-19 induces chronic inflammation, immunosenescence, and neuroinflammation.
COVID-19 may Enduringly Impact cognitive performance and brain haemodynamics in undergraduate students
“COVID-19 may Enduringly Impact cognitive performance and brain haemodynamics in undergraduate students”
“37 % of the undergraduates exhibited impaired cognition up to 17 months post-infection.”
SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-1 Induce Amyloid Aggregation in Human CSF Resulting in Drastic Soluble Protein Depletion
SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-1 induce amyloid aggregation, depleting soluble proteins.
Suggests a link between viral infections and neurodegenerative diseases via protein loss.
COVID & the BRAIN… a thread 🧵
Hamsters with long Covid exhibits a neurodegenerative signature in the brainstem
“Using the golden hamster as a model, we provide further evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is neuroinvasive and can persist in the central nervous system, as we found viral RNA and replicative virus in the brainstem after 80 days of infection.”
Association between COVID-19 infection and new-onset dementia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis - BMC Geriatrics
“11 studies (involving 939,824 post-COVID-19 survivors and 6,765,117 controls) were included in the review. Across a median observation period of 12 months post-COVID, the overall incidence of NOD was about 1.82% in the COVID-infected group, compared to 0.35% in the non-COVID-infected group. The overall pooled meta-analysis showed a significantly increased NOD risk among COVID-19 older adult survivors compared to non-COVID-19 controls”
11 studies (involving 939,824 post-COVID-19 survivors and 6,765,117 controls) were included in the review. Across a median observation period of 12 months post-COVID, the overall incidence of NOD was about 1.82% in the COVID-infected group, compared to 0.35% in the non-COVID-infected group. The overall pooled meta-analysis showed a significantly increased NOD risk among COVID-19 older adult survivors compared to non-COVID-19 controls
Association between COVID-19 infection and new-onset dementia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis - BMC Geriatrics
Older adults recovering from COVID-19 face a 58% higher risk of developing dementia compared to those uninfected, with rates peaking 12 months post-infection.
Study reviewed 11 studies, 940k cases, 6.8M controls.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in microglia and its sequelae: What do we know so far?
“SARS-CoV-2 may infect CNS, affecting microglia and brain cells. • Neuroinflammation from SARS-CoV-2 could lead to long COVID memory issues.”
SARS-CoV-2 may infect CNS, affecting microglia and brain cells.•Neuroinflammation from SARS-CoV-2 could lead to long COVID memory issues.
Long COVID: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein accumulation linked to long-lasting brain effects
“The study shows that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein remains in the brain's protective layers, the meninges, and the skull's bone marrow for up to four years after infection. This persistent presence of the spike protein could trigger chronic inflammation in affected individuals and increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.”
The study shows that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein remains in the brain's protective layers, the meninges, and the skull's bone marrow for up to four years after infection. This persistent presence of the spike protein could trigger chronic inflammation in affected individuals and increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
Video showing accumulation of spike protein (red) in skull bone marrow from a patient who died from Covid
Video showing accumulation of spike protein (red) in skull bone marrow from a patient who died from Covid
Persistence of spike protein at the skull-meninges-brain axis may contribute to the neurological sequelae of COVID-19
Evidence that a COVID-19 infection can induce neurological sequelae.
The SARSCoV2 spike protein can persist in the brain—skull bone marrow and meninges—to induce neurologic damage
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein accumulates & persists in the body for years after infection, especially in the skull-meninges-brain axis, potentially driving long COVID. mRNA vaccines help but cannot stop it.
In mice, it caused inflammation, anxiety, and worsened brain injuries. Vaccines reduced but did not fully eliminate it.
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein persists in the skull-meninges-brain axis in COVID-19 patients•Spike protein is sufficient to induce brain pathological and behavioral changes in mice•Spike protein enhances brain vulnerability and exacerbates neurological damage in mice•mRNA vaccines reduce, but do not eliminate, the spike burden
SARS-CoV-2 can infect and replicate in human motor neurons
SARS-CoV-2 can enter human motor neurons primarily through the receptors CD147 and NRP1.
The infection alters the expression of several genes involved in cell survival, metabolism, inflammatory response, and antiviral pathways.
Cognitive deficits after COVID-19 associated with brain injury biomarkers and volume loss
“Cognitive deficits after COVID-19 associated with brain injury biomarkers and volume loss”
The study found that patients hospitalized with COVID-19, both with and without acute neurological complications, had worse cognitive scores than expected for their age, sex, and education level. These cognitive deficits were observed across all cognitive domains tested. The cognitive impairment was associated with increased levels of brain injury biomarkers in the blood and reduced volume of a specific brain region (the anterior cingulate cortex) on MRI scans. Factors like the severity of the initial COVID-19 illness and the presence of acute confusion (encephalopathy) were linked to the worst cognitive scores.
Cognitive deficits after COVID-19 associated with brain injury biomarkers and volume loss
Cognitive deficits after COVID-19 associated with brain injury biomarkers and volume loss
“Cognitive deficits after COVID-19 associated with brain injury biomarkers and volume loss”
Honestly it kinda pisses me off how some people act like we can't talk about the brain damage from Covid, especially on the population level.
“Honestly it kinda pisses me off how some people act like we can't talk about the brain damage from Covid, especially on the population level. Yes, it's important to consider the ableism. But I have brain damage from Covid, including to my emotions, and we need to talk about it...”
SARS-CoV-2 infection in hiPSC-derived neurons is cathepsin-dependent and causes accumulation of HIF1alpha and phosphorylated tau
SARS-CoV-2 infects neurons using cathepsins, causing tau changes linked to Alzheimer’s and neuron death within days
This suggests neurodegenerative risks and potential for cathepsin inhibitors as treatment