Sources/Recomended Reading:
Ahmed, Shahab (2017). "What is Islam?: The Importance of Being Islamic". Princeton University Press.
Bulliet, Richard (2004) "The Case for Islamo-Christian Civilization". Columbia University Press.
Melvin-Koushki, Matthew (2017). "Powers of One: The Mathematicalization of the Occult Sciences in the High Persianate Tradition". Intellectual History of the Islamicate World 5, no. 1: 127-99.
Ragep, F. Jamil (2004). "Copernicus and His Islamic Predecessors: An Aspect of Islamic Influence on Science". Osiris 16 n.s.: 49-71.