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This is a lecture series on the philosophy of mathematics given at Oxford University in Michaelmas Term 2020 by Joel David Hamkins, Professor of Logic. The l...

Recent results show that large language models struggle with compositional tasks, suggesting a hard limit to their abilities.

"Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment?", often referred to simply as "What Is Enlightenment?", is a 1784 essay by the philosopher Immanuel Kant. In the December 1784 publication of the Berlinische Monatsschrift, edited by Friedrich Gedike and Johann Erich Biester, Kant replied to the question posed a year earlier by the Reverend Johann Friedrich Zöllner, who was also an official in the Prussian government. Zöllner's question was addressed to a broad intellectual public community, in reply to Biester's essay titled "Proposal, not to engage the clergy any longer when marriages are conducted". A number of leading intellectuals replied with essays, of which Kant's is the most famous and has had the most impact. Kant's opening paragraph of the essay is a much-cited definition of a lack of enlightenment as people's inability to think for themselves due not to their lack of intellect, but lack of courage.

Hypothetical devices that can quickly and accurately answer questions have become a powerful tool in computational complexity theory.

Tenth of December is a collection of short stories by American author George Saunders. It contains stories published in various magazines between 1995 and 2012. The book was published on January 8, 2013, by Random House. One of the stories, "Home", was a 2011 Bram Stoker Award finalist. Tenth of December was selected as one of the 10 Best Books of 2013 by the editors of The New York Times Book Review. The collection also won The Story Prize (2013) for short-story collections and the inaugural Folio Prize (2014).

Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews is entirely devoted to publishing substantive, high-quality scholarly philosophy books reviews.

'If you can't say it clearly, you don't understand it yourself' John Searle

Sir Roger Vernon Scruton is an English philosopher and writer who specialises in aesthetics and political philosophy, particularly in the furtherance of traditionalist conservative views. In recent years he taught courses in Buckingham University, Oxford University and University of St. Andrews. In this clip, he talks about intellectuals and the left. Complete videos quoted under creative common: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iawSzFZg-vw -- This channel aims at extracting central points of presentations into short clips. The topics cover the problems of leftist ideology and the consequences for society. If you like the content, subscribe to the channel!

John Gray discusses why he believes liberals are turning their backs on tolerance.

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"Famine, Affluence, and Morality" is an essay written by Peter Singer in 1971 and published in Philosophy & Public Affairs in 1972. It argues that affluent persons are morally obligated to donate far more resources to humanitarian causes than is considered normal in Western cultures. The essay was inspired by the starvation of Bangladesh Liberation War refugees, and uses their situation as an example, although Singer's argument is general in scope and not limited to the example of Bangladesh. The essay is anthologized widely as an example of Western ethical thinking.[1]

David Chalmers philosophical analysis of the AI singularity

Thirty-eight dishonest tricks of argument (taken from 'Straight and Crooked Thinking' by Robert H. Thouless, Pan Books.

The strange, vast thoughts of Eliezer Yudkowsky