Všeobecné zrcadlo digitální Asie

用户体验优先的设计思路介绍

數位人文學術研究平台 Online tool which enables construction of full-text database of primary sources, post-search classification, mapping of text content.

MARKUS - is a reading and text analysis platform with a wide range of functionality Markus was selected as a runner up in the category Best Tool or Suite of TOOLS in the DH2016 awards

Christopher M. Free's personal website containing his research and GIS data for Mongolia

The History of Yuan (Yuán Shǐ), also known as the Yuanshi, is one of the official Chinese historical works known as the Twenty-Four Histories of China. This website includes its entire digitized edition. Commissioned by the court of the Ming dynasty, in accordance to political tradition, the text was composed in 1370 by the official Bureau of History of the Ming dynasty, under direction of Song Lian (1310–1381). The compilation formalized the official history of the preceding Yuan dynasty. Under the guidance of Song Lian, the official dynastic history broke with the old Confucian historiographical tradition, establishing a new historical framework.

Chinese-English dictionary and corpus. The History of Yuan (Yuán Shǐ), also known as the Yuanshi, is one of the official Chinese historical works known as the Twenty-Four Histories of China. This website includes its entire digitized edition. Commissioned by the court of the Ming dynasty, in accordance to political tradition, the text was composed in 1370 by the official Bureau of History of the Ming dynasty, under direction of Song Lian (1310–1381). The compilation formalized the official history of the preceding Yuan dynasty. Under the guidance of Song Lian, the official dynastic history broke with the old Confucian historiographical tradition, establishing a new historical framework.

Useful resources for Mongolian NLP. Contribute to tugstugi/mongolian-nlp development by creating an account on GitHub.

The Tibetan Arts and Literature Initiative (TALI) supports projects that promote Tibetan culture and language in Tibetan areas within the People’s Republic of China. TALI is a non-profit, non-governmental organization with no political or religious affiliations. Project partners include artists, writers and educators, officials, and local community members, as well as Tibetan cultural associations and other non-governmental organizations. TALI is committed to supporting or implementing projects in the following categories: Tibetan-language children’s books; Tibetan-language children’s audiovisual materials of educational or entertaining nature; Enrichment programming aimed at promoting the early appreciation of Tibetan language, literature and the arts among Tibetan children; Short-term training for Tibetan artists, writers and educators; and Exchanges and collaboration between Tibetan artists, writers and educators and their counterparts in and outside the People’s Republic of China.

The Asian Center is the University of the Philippines' only unit with a regional area of specialization and one of the colleges in the university's Diliman campus. Established in 1955 as the Institute of Asian Studies, the Asian Center offers graduate-level multidisciplinary academic programs on Asian Studies and on Philippine Studies.

The Saw Swee Hock Southeast Asia Centre (SEAC) is a multidisciplinary Research Centre of the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), established in 2014. Building on the School’s deep academic and historical connections with Southeast Asia, SEAC seeks to foster world-leading academic and policy research with a focus on the Southeast Asian social and political landscape, guided by the Centre’s core intersecting research themes of urbanisation, connectivity and governance. SEAC’s blog is a platform for analysing and debating the Southeast Asia region’s critical and pressing issues as LSE’s gateway to Southeast Asia. The blog will introduce academic research of LSE faculty, fellows, students and alumni as well as external researchers and SEAC’s Southeast Asia early career researcher network members.

New Mandala provides anecdote, analysis and new perspectives on Southeast Asia. It devotes its attention to the politics and societies of Southeast Asian countries, and their connections with one another. New Mandala has a proud record of contribution to scholarly and popular debates and played a pioneering role in the digitisation of Southeast Asian studies. New Mandala is hosted by the Australian National University’s (ANU) Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs in the College of Asia and the Pacific. New Mandala was established in June 2006, with co-founder Dr Nicholas Farrelly editing and running the site until 2015. James Giggacher edited the site from May 2015 to March 2017. Liam Gammon took over in April 2017 and was the editor until July 2019, followed by Dr Rebecca Gidley. New Mandala was first established to focus on Thailand and Myanmar but has since expanded to cover the entire Southeast Asian region, and even surrounding provinces and countries. You can read more about New Mandala’s co-founders’ reflections on the history of the site upon its 10th birthday in 2016.

Wikistan, The Web Road to Oxiana, is a global collaborative, multidisciplinary community of research, expertise and communication on Central Eurasia. Led by a consortium of academia, it aims at offering an up-to-date, dynamic and interactive panorama of human, social, economic and political science research on the region.

Publishing the European Handbook of Central Asian Studies: History, Politics and Societies is the most ambitious task of the EISCAS project – to create a teaching tool that does not exist yet in Europe and will be crucial for developing and strengthening the education of Central Asian Studies at EU universities. The handbook is designed to improve the quality and prospects of teaching of CAS in the EU as it will transfer latest research findings into education and directly prepare these materials for the classroom by providing exercises, assignments, e-learning materials, tips for future study, etc. At the same time, the handbook also aims to place the European research tradition and European perspectives and insights on CAS firmly at the center of this global research field by becoming a multi-disciplinary reference work for CAS all over the world. Since this project is co-funded by the European Union’s Erasmus+ Program this handbook and its complementary didactic materials will be available on this website and free of costs under a fair-use license. A fair-use license indicates that any copying of copyrighted material can be done for a limited and “transformative” purpose, such as to comment upon, criticize, or parody a copyrighted work. Such uses can be done without permission from the copyright owner. Such Open Access is a cornerstone in the vision of European projects, and all members of EISCAS support this policy fully. This European Handbook of Central Asian Studies: History, Politics and Societies, ibidem Verlag, Stuttgart, published on 10 September 2021 – is foremost directed at learners of Central Asian Studies (CAS) – the primary target audience – in this case students in their final years of their bachelor program, master students, and junior PhD-students. (The book can be used in a classroom context, but also for self-study.) Since this is a diverse main group, every handbook chapter includes the following elements to aid them with their learning process: Introductory questions (Learning outcomes) Summaries/conclusions (after each section) Info Boxes Aimed at providing depth to an argument/statement Aimed at providing context to an argument/statement Cases / Case studies As the basis for an assignment/exercise A future reading list Exercises for revision, self-study In addition, to facilitate learning the handbook in general also includes: A glossary of concepts (in the beginning of the book) A list of abbreviations and their meaning Maps (for visualization the explained phenomena/trends/etc.) Other visual materials Links to e-learning materials (recorded lectures) A guide on self-study (within introductory chapter 3 “How to use this handbook” by J. Hadaś) Some career advice for students (within introductory chapter 1 “Why study Central Asia” by A. Fauve) – More detailed information can be found in the project’s final report with CAS curriculum design recommendations. The second target audience are the teachers of these students. The handbook encompasses different tools to aid this particular group with constructing lesson plans, formulating homework, selecting relevant handbook chapters for their courses, setting up study programs, completing/enriching courses by selecting e-learning materials, assignments, etc. To this purpose each handbook chapter contains: Learning outcomes Case studies As the basis for an assignment/exercise A whole range of exercises at different levels: For review (testing basic knowledge) For testing insights (deeper knowledge & skills) For writing assignments For classroom activities The handbook in general also offers to teachers: A full list of learning outcomes covered in the handbook (at the end of the handbook) Curriculum recommendations (forthcoming Fall 2021) A guide on teaching techniques, which are promoted in the handbook (within introductory chapter 3 “How to use this handbook” by J. Hadaś) The third target audience are of course (young) scholars, academics from related disciplines that aim to migrate into the field of CAS, but not excluding the general public or other experts. They will be reading the handbook to increase their understanding about the region or in search for references and insights by its authors. Most probably, this group will use the handbook on their own terms, and will do so selectively without guidance of a mentor, promoter or teacher. Nonetheless, each handbook chapter contains some elements that they will find useful: Introductory questions Summaries/conclusions (after each section) Case studies Info Boxes Aimed at providing depth to an argument/statement Aimed at providing context to an argument/statement A further recommended reading list The handbook in general will also offer them: A smart index with four categories: names, concepts, events and places A guide on self-study (within introductory chapter 3 “How to use this handbook” by J. Hadaś) A glossary of concepts (in the beginning of the book) A list of abbreviations and their meaning Over 20 original Maps (for visualization the explained phenomena/trends/etc.) Other visual materials As described above, the handbook thus caters to three different audiences and has various tools to facilitate their process of studying the region. This handbook thus differs radically from existing handbooks, which are predominantly ‘author-based’ and narrative or from textbooks that offer basic knowledge in stacked form. While such books may sometimes also be used for teaching, and can be excellent reference works, they were not designed for teaching, and therefore demand much more preparatory work and creativity from teachers in order to be used to this purpose. By focusing first on students, then on their teachers, and thirdly on advanced readers this book project actually increases the variety of end-users, and does not narrow them down to one segment by discriminating others. As experienced readers, scholars and other experts can easily read over the learning outcomes, skip exercises entirely and focus solely on the text. This will not hamper their reading-process. And many of them will enjoy to watch an online lecture (related to the chapter topics of their interest). On the other hand, the other two target audiences require more assistance as to make optimal use of such a handbook.

Stručné dějiny dobývání Tibetu je otevřený projekt zaměřený na historické cesty západních objevitelů do Střední Asie, zejména do Tibetu. Cílem není poskytnout vyčerpávající informace (podrobnější informace o jednotlivcích lze najít např. na Wikipedii), ale uvést často oddělená historická fakta do souvislostí, poskytnout základní osnovu pro případné další bádání v této oblasti. Nezasvěceným snad může tento přehled posloužit k snazší orientaci v příslušné literatuře, podat základní představu o chronologických souvislostech a v neposlední řadě se může pokusit eliminovat nepřesné a nejednotné přepisy tibetských, mongolských, čínských, popř. jiných cizojazyčných slov a názvů. Máte-li zájem, můžete se do projektu zapojit. Na několika místech se zde zmiňují i místa ležící mimo Tibet, popř. osoby, které Tibet nikdy nenavštívily. Jde o případy, které s touto problematikou nějakým způsobem souvisejí a ve kterých přesné „zaškatulkování“ není možné nebo je ke škodě věci. V neposlední řadě stojí za zmínku, že náš úhel pohledu (myšlena pozice českého čtenáře), je svým způsobem výhodný, protože je nám nyní dostupná jak západní literatura, tak i prameny z bývalého Sovětského svazu, které jsou v některých případech v anglofonní oblasti málo známé. Vždyť ani slavný (a nesmírně sečtělý) Hedin nevěděl zhola nic o Cybikovovi, který došel do Lhasy přibližně ve stejné době, kdy on o to léta marně usiloval. Jednotlivé výpravy jsou svým způsobem nesrovnatelné, svoji roli zde sehrál čas i účel cesty. Stovky let přitahovala tato nepřístupná, v Evropě téměř neznámá země, misionáře, vojáky, obchodníky, vědce i dobrodruhy. Stejně zajímavé jsou i osudy lidí, kteří se do Tibetu dostali nedobrovolně, jako uprchlíci nebo trosečníci. Nebylo jich mnoho a pokud tato místa navštívili v průběhu staletí další Evropané, pak o svých cestách nezanechali žádné zprávy. První zprávy o Střední Asii souvisejí s nájezdy Mongolů do Evropy, a přinesli je vyslanci papeže, kteří se vrátili z návštěvy u dvora mongolských chánů (cca 1240). Jak vyplývá z jejich zpráv, nebyli jedinými křesťany a Evropany u mongolského dvora. Byli však první, kdo o své cestě podal zprávu. Také skutečnost, že v srdci mongolské říše bylo nestoriánské křesťanství běžným jevem, svědčí o tom, že země Střední Asie měly kontakty se západním světem už mnohem dříve. Archeologické objevy v Chara-Choto (Kozlov) dokazují obchodní kontakty s kulturou starověkého Řecka. Tibeťané zpočátku nijak nebránili příchozím ze západu v cestě do vnitrozemí ani do samotné Lhasy. Přirozená nepřístupnost země byla spolehlivou ochranou až do 19. století, kdy koloniální tlak Británie a Ruska způsobil, že Tibet se stal pro západní svět "zakázanou" zemí. Po celou druhou polovinu 19. století byl cizincům neprodyšně uzavřen a každý pokus o proniknutí na jeho území byl zároveň hrou o život (proto byla např. přesná zeměpisná poloha hlavního města Lhasy zjištěna až tajným měřením indických geodetů v britských službách koncem 19. století). K postupnému obratu došlo až na začátku 20. století a pro tibetskou civilizaci to mělo neblahé důsledky. Proroctví o posledním dalajlámovi se nadevší pochybnost právě naplňuje.

In this modern age, data is ubiquitious. It seems to be everywhere but when it comes to Tibet-related datasets, we run out quickly. This site is built to collaborate together to gather Tibet-related datasets for both community building and political advocacy. When fake news is the norm, we owe it to each other to observe any news through critical lens. This applies to data as well. In addition, most data is not available in the right format and typically, 80% of our time is spent on data wrangling i.e. acquiring and cleaning these data.

Translations and Commentary from Tibetan Social Media

Lhakar Diaries is a blog dedicated to Lhakar, or, "White Wednesday," a non-cooperation movement in Tibet based on non-violent strategy, where ordinary men and women actively resist China's occupation by supporting Tibetan businesses, eat Tibetan food, wear Tibetan clothing, speak Tibetan language and celebrate the Tibetan identity. We are a team of young Tibetans around the globe, highlighting these examples of civil resistance inside Tibet. Lhakar Diaries serves as a platform to promote similar actions on the outside, showing our solidarity with Tibetans in Tibet. Each Wednesday we share our personal journeys with our essays, artwork, music and exploration of our shared cultural heritage and identity.

PlateauCulture presents an archive of images, writings, and place information about areas on and surrounding the Tibetan Plateau. Contributors are mainly students, members/managers of local media projects, and local and foreign teachers and scholars. The images here are mainly from Plateau Photographers, a participatory photography project that supports young photographers, bu other local and outside photographers' work is here too. We are also the online publisher for the Asian Highlands Perspectives journal. Most but not all of the writings are published journal articles. Place Citations are discreet snippets about a place. Sometimes, these are analyses of sources, but often just quotes.

G. M. Trevelyan, one of the pioneers of Social History, described the emerging field as “history with the politics left out”. A more charitable characterisation of the discipline has been proposed by Mary Fulbrook, who defended it as “history with the people put back in”. The aim of SHTS, a Franco-German research project jointly funded by the ANR (French National Research Agency) and the DFG (German Research Council) is to carry out fundamental research on the social history of Tibetan societies, from the mid-17th to the mid-20th centuries – a period corresponding to the duration of the so-called Ganden Phodrang government in Tibet. The region under consideration is “ethnographic Tibet” (i.e. ethnically Tibetan areas in the PRC and adjacent countries, especially Nepal and India). The main source materials will be the large archival collections already photographed by members of both the French and German research teams in Tibet, Nepal and India. Those documents that have not already been digitised (in the case of collections photographed with 35mm film) will be scanned, catalogued, transliterated and paraphrased or translated, and the entirety of the material made available as a resource for the international scholarly community in printed volumes and/or on searchable websites. The team will use these materials, in combination with published Tibetan sources, British Foreign Office archives, Nepali and Chinese documents and fieldwork-based investigations, to address issues that have never been satisfactorily treated by scholars: the nature of legal, fiscal and administrative relations among the various centres and peripheries in the region; the adequacy of characterising Tibet as a feudal society; the social role of clerics and nobles, farmers, nomads, craftsmen and traders; the organisation of civil society; strategies of dispute resolution and the numerous legal systems that prevailed in different areas. In addition to creating the largest available resource for the further study of Tibetan social history, members of the project will also produce monographs and articles focusing on selected geographical areas, on particular social groups, and on broader thematic issues.

A guide to writing systems and languages, with useful phrases, tips on learning languages, multilingual texts, and much more.

Welcome to the largest freely available archive of online books about religion, mythology, folklore and the esoteric on the Internet. The site is dedicated to religious tolerance and scholarship, and has the largest readership of any similar site on the web.

This website provides fonts, software, and other additional resources covering various areas of Asia.

Until relatively recent times the Bon religion of Tibet was poorly understood by the majority of Tibetans and Westerners alike. Although our general knowledge has advanced greatly in the past few decades thanks to the work of a few pioneering scholars, misconceptions still abound, and many areas of this fascinating religion remain obscure. While most of the secondary literature on Bon has dealt with the history, philosophy and meditative systems of the religion, the domain of ritual is still substantially unexplored. Some of the most important contributions to this subject that have so far been published are presented here. [link] Understandably, students of Bon ritual have tended to favour the literary component: after all, where the rituals in question are obsolete, this is the only option available to the researcher, except in the rather unusual cases where the surviving texts are supplemented with illustrations. But ritual, by definition, includes an important performative element. In addition to the various accoutrements and effigies that feature in any performance, there are gestures, processions and interactions that are generally described in only the vaguest terms in the liturgical sources, where they are mentioned at all. Some of the most interesting aspects of ritual performances have no place whatsoever in the sources. These would include a lama’s idiosyncratic interpretation of text prescriptions, his exchanges with the other participants (such as his assistant and his patrons), the occurrence of errors (an assistant pouring red dye onto an effigy what should remain uncoloured), and solicited or spontaneous commentaries on procedures. If the text is just one – albeit an essential – component of a ritual, observing an actual performance can be a hopelessly confusing experience. Behind the noise, the chaotic activity and the protracted chanting it is often far from clear what is going on. One of the main purposes of this site is to render Bonpo rituals more accessible by combining the textual and performative dimensions. A detailed explanation of how this works is given [here], but the general idea can be explained in simple terms as follows: The site hosts several dozen Bonpo ritual texts. The texts are presented in facsimile form as well as romanised transliteration, and, in many cases, with a full English translation and notes. The performative aspect is represented by video recordings of a number of rituals, to which access can be had via links on the site’s pages. The videos are subtitled in English, and range in duration from approximately ten minutes to eight hours. Each ritual is also covered by an article that is divided into two main parts: 1. a general discussion of that category of rituals; and 2. a detailed description of a particular performance. The articles are illustrated with photographs, diagrams and tables, and contain numerous links. The links are of two kinds: 1. to texts; and 2. to video footage. The links will take you to precisely that point in the text or the video that is relevant to the part of the performance that is being described. (It is also possible, of course, to see the texts or watch the videos in their entirety.) The transcriptions of the texts also contain links that will take you to the point in the video where any given passage is being recited. This will enable you to see exactly what is going on when the lama is reading that section of the text. We hope, in time, to establish reciprocal links. This means that it will be possible to go from a point in a video to the corresponding point in a text (assuming that a text is being used at that moment) or to the description furnished in the accompanying article. While this website is dedicated mainly to ritual it also offers resources that are relevant to other areas of the Bon religion. These resources include: paintings (tsaklis and thangkas); texts not directly connected to ritual (such as biographies and canonical works); Tibetan periodicals and other publications related to Bon; scholarly contributions to Bon studies in Tibetan and in European languages.

Founded by Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche as an institution of higher learning for those wishing to deepen their understanding of Buddhist philosophy and practice, Rangjung Yeshe Institute (RYI) has been conducting seminars and study programs in Nepal for more than 25 years. Since 2001, the Institute has worked in close partnership with Kathmandu University to manage the Kathmandu University Centre for Buddhist Studies at Rangjung Yeshe Institute which offers undergraduate and post-graduate degree courses in Buddhist Studies and related topics. RYI may, to a large extent, be regarded as the Buddhist equivalent of a divinity school or seminary where spiritual practice is an integral part of the daily experience and where program graduates are scholar-practitioners. RYI envisions a world in which a wide diversity of people, interested in learning about Buddhism, has easy access to a living Buddhist tradition in order to foster the qualities of wisdom and compassion for the benefit of all sentient beings. Rangjung Yeshe Institute's mission is to be a centre of higher learning, working to the highest standards, to provide both traditional and modern Buddhist education through teaching, translation, publication, research and practice. Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche and the RYI community were delighted to welcome Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche. After a short tour of RYI, Rinpoche generously shared his insight on the place of academic studies in the transmission of Dharma teachings. Following his talk, Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche also gave brief advice on Buddhist study and practice. Here is a full capture of the event.

Tibetan Language Institute: Learn to read & write Classical Tibetan. Proven, powerful study system with western insights by Lama David Curtis.

Himalayan Art Resources features thousands of artworks from Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, India, China and Mongolia. The site presents art from leading private and museum collections, accompanied by scholarship, cataloging and interpretation. The mission of the Himalayan Art Resources website (HAR) is to create a comprehensive education and research database and virtual museum of Himalayan art: First, the website exhibits images of art from museum, university and private collections throughout the world. Second, the website documents all Himalayan art objects that are known through past or present collections or publications. Third, the database identifies and catalogues all images (comprised of painting, sculpture, ritual objects, murals, etc.). When an object image is not available for lack of permission from the copyright holder, the database uses a place card image. Book cover images are used for publications and generic place cards for collections. Fourth, the Himalayan Art Resources Inc. website owns no actual or material art. All images on the Himalayan Art Resources Inc. website belong to the individual institutions, museums, private collections and individuals that have loaned their images to the site.

A global non-profit initiative to translate the Buddha’s words into modern languages, and to make them available to everyone.

Lotsawa House is a virtual library of translations from Tibetan, including works by Indian Buddhist masters preserved in the Tibetan language. The site began in 2004 with just a handful of translations in English, but has since grown into a large repository containing more than 3000 texts in nine different languages, including the original sources. The vast majority of texts on the site were suggested for inclusion by Tibetan lamas and expert scholars, many of whom also kindly offered their help and advice in the translation process. This collaboration between translators and native experts is modelled upon the ancient partnerships of lotsāwas and paṇḍitas, which proved so effective when the Buddhist canon was first translated into Tibetan.

This wiki serves as a platform for information on using Tibetan Unicode software and related technology on different platforms in order to facilitate the preservation and spread of digital dharma

Tools in the traditional library include interactive catalogs on computer work stations, microfilm readers, photocopiers and so forth to allow users to search and access its collections, as well as in limited ways also compile their own collections of information. Similarly, the digital library provides integrated software systems, tools, and fonts in general to enable users to work with the collections with search and access procedures considerably more powerful than the traditional library. In particular, though, the digital library goes far beyond the limited traditional tools of a library in its enabling of users to creatively interact with the digital collections and reference materials, as well as generate new user-defined collections for their own private purposes. The simplest level of functionality includes extraction of images and composing sequenced slide-shows on line, while more advanced features are, for example, the ability to make HTML pages drawing upon library resources, compile private dictionaries, create new videos from segments of existing videos and so forth. This site also provides a suite of Tibetan fonts along with software developed by THDL that enhances the use of these fonts both in word processors and on the Web. Together these tools aim to help other projects and individuals take advantage of technical work done by the Library, as well as provide a way to facilitate communication, exchange, interoperability, and project building among all scholars, students, and others interested in Tibet and the Himalayan regions. In particular, the Library is committed to developing digital tools to assist the teaching of Tibetan and Himalayan languages, literatures, environments, and cultures. The evolving multilingual capacity of the digital library system also offers the promise of a single integrated library that serves different communities with distinct language bases, as well as promote communication between them. There are six (6) overarching types of tools, all of which have been developed with an eye toward balancing the power of the latest technology against the need to reach the broadest possible audience. Technical Requirements for Using THDL From the Field to the Web Technologies used in THDL Software designed by THDL Fonts and input tools