OSF Preprints | Rapport in Same and Mixed Neurotype Groups of Autistic and Non-autistic Adults
Although autistic adults may establish better dyadic rapport with autistic relative to non-autistic partners, it is unclear whether this extends to group settings. The current study examined whether rapport differs between autistic groups, non-autistic groups, and mixed groups of autistic and non-autistic adults, and whether differing diagnostically from the rest of the group results in lower rapport. One hundred and forty-three adults were assigned to one of four group types of four participants each: all autistic, all non-autistic, non-autistic majority (3 non-autistic, 1 autistic), and autistic majority (3 autistic, 1 non-autistic). Groups participated in a 5-minute building activity and afterwards completed a 5-item rapport measure assessing their experience. The all-autistic groups reported the highest mean-level rapport on three rapport items (Enjoy, Successful, Friendly), with significantly higher rapport than the mixed groups on Enjoy and Friendly. At the individual level, autistic participants expressed more ease and enjoyment when interacting with other autistic adults relative to non-autistic adults, and their rapport declined as more non-autistic participants were included in the group. In contrast, rapport for non-autistic participants remained relatively consistent regardless of group composition. We discuss potential reasons why autistic participants were more affected by group composition than non-autistic participants.
The all-autistic groups reported the highest mean-level rapport on three rapport items (Enjoy, Successful, Friendly), with significantly higher rapport than the mixed groups on Enjoy and Friendly. At the individual level, autistic participants expressed more ease and enjoyment when interacting with other autistic adults relative to non-autistic adults, and their rapport declined as more non-autistic participants were included in the group. In contrast, rapport for non-autistic participants remained relatively consistent regardless of group composition. We discuss potential reasons why autistic participants were more affected by group composition than non-autistic participants.