REHAB ISN'T FOR WINNERS, LOSER

Website for the Police Treatment and Community Collaborative (PTACC), an alliance of individuals working in law enforcement, behavioral health, community, advocacy, research and public policy whose mission is to enhance pre-arrest diversion pathways to treatment and social services. The goal is to reduce justice system involvement and the collateral consequences of arrests and convictions while enhancing public safety by providing access to substance use disorder and behavioral health treatment for individuals who need it. Funding Source: Various grants and conference fees

This collection provides information about options to create programs that divert individuals with substance use or mental health conditions from the justice system to treatment. Resources featured in this collection include: An overview of principles from the Police Treatment and Community Collaborative to guide pre-arrest diversion programs A slide-deck presentation from the Center for Health & Justice at Treatment Alternatives for Safe Communities that provides more details on pre-arrest diversion programs A link to the website for the Police Treatment and Community Collaborative A resource guide from the SAFE Project and Police Treatment and Community Collaborative for pre-arrest diversion programs A report reviewing how state policies, laws and regulations affect the ability of law enforcement and community organizations to adopt pre-arrest diversion and crisis response initiatives Model legislation for creating pre-arrest diversion programs In addition, the collection contains resources and links to websites for the following specific pre-diversion programs: Police Assisted Addiction and Recovery Initiatives (PAARI) – With PAARI initiatives, law enforcement agencies create non-arrest pathways to substance use disorder treatment and recovery: A link to the PAARI website; PAARI works with over 400 police departments in 32 states An evaluation of Arizona’s Angel Initiative which was piloted in Maricopa County…

Those with untreated substance use disorder (SUD) are often involved with the criminal justice system during the course of addiction and continue to experience negative outcomes following arrest and incarceration. Law enforcement-led pre-arrest diversion ...

Learn about the pre-arrest diversion program we have developed, using our expertise in policing research, public health, and program design.

Communities across the country have implemented deflection and pre-arrest diversion (DPAD) initiatives to link people who use drugs to evidence-based care and services instead of incarceration.

Background Despite evidence that treatment reduces addiction-related harms, including crime and overdose, only a minority of addiction-affected individuals receive it. Linking individuals who committed an addiction-related crime to addiction treatment could improve outcomes. Methods The aim of this city-wide, pre-arrest diversion program, Madison Addiction Recovery Initiative (MARI) is to reduce crime and improve health (i.e., reduce the overdose deaths) among adults who committed a minor, non-violent, drug use-related offense by offering them a referral to treatment in lieu of arrest and prosecution of criminal charges. This manuscript outlines the protocol and methods for the MARI program development and implementation. MARI requires its participants to engage in the recommended treatment, without reoffending, during the six-month program, after which the initial criminal charges are “voided” by the law enforcement agency. The project, implemented in a mid-size U.S. city, has involved numerous partners, including law enforcement, criminal justice, public health, and academia. It includes training of the police officer workforce and collaboration with clinical partners for treatment need assessment, treatment placement, and peer support. Program evaluation includes formative, process, outcome (participant-level) and exploratory impact (community-level) assessments. For outcome evaluation, we will compare crime (primary outcome), overdose-related offenses, and incarceration-related data 12 months before and 12 months after the index crime between participants who completed (Group 1), started but not completed (Group 2), and were offered but did not start (Group 3) the program, and adults who would have been eligible should MARI existed (Historical Comparison, Group 4). Clinical characteristics will be compared at baseline between Groups 1–2, and pre-post the program within Group 1. Participant baseline data will be assessed as potential covariates. Surveys of police officers and program completers, and community-level indicators of crime and overdose pre- versus post-program will provide additional data on the program impact. Discussion By offering addiction treatment in lieu of arrest and prosecution of criminal charges, this pre-arrest diversion program has the potential to disrupt the cycle of crime, reduce the likelihood of future offenses, and promote public health and safety.

Connecting individuals to substance use disorder and/or mental health treatment as an alternative to arrest.

As opioid addiction has risen in recent years, racial disparities in drug arrests may be changing in their size and sources. Neighborhood conditions, like econo...

Journal of Experimental Criminology - Our paper presents the results of a meta-analytical review of street level drug law enforcement. We conducted a series of meta-analyses to compare and contrast...

Rising rates of opioid use disorder, overdoses, and opioid-related criminal offenses have prompted U.S. law enforcement agencies to adopt alternatives to arrest...

Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel with essential roles in cardiovascular, lung, urinary, and immune functions. Piezo1 is widely distributed in different tissues in the human body and its specific roles have been identified following a decade of research; however, not all are well understood. …

Postoperative periprosthetic femoral fracture following hip replacement has been the subject of many varied experimental approaches. Cadaveric samples offer realistic fit and fracture patterns but are subject to large between-sample variation. Composite femurs have not yet been validated for this pu …

Ballistic head injury remains a significant threat to military personnel. Studying such injuries requires a model that can be used with a military helmet. This paper describes further work on a skull-brain model using skulls made from three different polyurethane plastics and a series of skull 'fill …

In shooting crimes, ballistics tests are often recommended in order to reproduce the wound characteristics of the involved persons. For this purpose, several "simulants" can be used. However, despite the efforts in the research of "surrogates" in the field of forensic ballistic, the development of s …

This study indicates that the 5-mm Synbone® plate is a suitable proxy for Sus scrofa (domesticus) ribs for use with 5.56-mm OTM ammunition in ballistic testing.

Molecular ballistics combines molecular biological, forensic ballistic, and wound ballistic insights and approaches in the description, collection, objective investigation, and contextualization of the complex patterns of biological evidence that are generated by gunshots at biological targets. Sett …

SYNBONE® spheres were impacted with 7.62 × 39 mm mild steel core ammunition at a mean impact velocity of 654 m/s, SD 7 m/s, to simulate engagement distances of around 50-100 m. The wounds and fracture patterns were assessed by two forensic pathologists familiar with military cranial injury. The over …

We highlight the force-sensing function of extracellular matrix and present a complementary mechanotransduction paradigm.

Physical forces are central players in development and morphogenesis, provide an ever-present backdrop influencing physiological functions, and contribute to a variety of pathologies. Mechanotransduction encompasses the rich variety of ways in which cells and tissues convert cues from their physical …

Muscle contraction is a three-dimensional process, as anyone who has observed a bulging muscle knows. Recent studies suggest that the three-dimensional nature of muscle contraction influences its mechanical output. Shape changes and radial forces appear to be important across scales of organization. …

The FDA approveD dobutamine for short-term use in patients with decreased contractility due to heart failure or cardiac surgical procedures leading to cardiac decompensation. The agent has not been shown to give positive outcomes in the hospitalized or outpatient setting for heart failure patients despite hemodynamically improving the patient's condition. Dobutamine can be used as temporary intravenous inotropic support until resolution of the acute inducing factors or the patient receives more definitive treatment, such as coronary revascularization, mechanical circulatory support, or heart transplant. Short-term intravenous inotropic support should be given to patients in cardiogenic shock to preserve systemic blood flow and protect from end-organ damage. This activity will highlight the mechanism of action, adverse event profile, pharmacology, monitoring, and relevant interactions of dobutamine, pertinent for members of the interprofessional team in treating patients with cardiac disorders that will respond to such therapy.

In patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and heart failure (HF), the optimal glycemic target is uncertain, and evidence-based data are lacking. Therefore, we performed a randomized study on the effect of optimized glycemic control on left ventricular function, ...