Research

This study analyzed several aspects of the training of a mother and father in child management techniques for use with their 6-year-old severely developmentally delayed son. The mother received clinic training in procedures for increasing her son's independent dressing skills; subsequently, she was …

We investigated the efficacy of pictorial self-management to teach daily living skills to 3 low-functioning children with autism. Stimulus and response generalization, stimulus control of self-management materials, and maintenance of behavior change were also assessed. Results showed that children w …

Ten and 20 year longitudinal data were collected on 180 multihandicapped adults. Subjects completed a 50-item questionnaire which was divided into five sections: (a) living circumstances, (b) physical status, (c) social situation, (d) education, and (e) vocational training and employment. Respondent …

A general theoretical framework to guide research on self-instructional training was presented. The theory emphasizes that in evaluating self-instructional programs, more attention must be given to the developmental characteristics of the persons to be trained and suggests that self-instruction will …

The use of peer-training procedures by moderately mentally retarded adolescents was evaluated in two experiments. In Experiment 1, 2 students received instruction on peer-training skills to teach a vocational task to 7 classmates. Following instruction, both peer trainers were successful in teaching …

The full participation of individuals with mental retardation in the community requires performance of newly acquired skills in novel circumstances and across the varying demands characteristic of life in the everyday world. For example, a person who has learned how to ride a bus may have to adapt t …

PROMPTING PROCEDURES This article describes behavior principles for teaching a new behavior by assisting the child to produce the desired response. It...

Breathing is vital in our lives, as you need a constant supply of oxygen to survive. Oxygen supply to the body, specifically to the brain, has been scientifically linked to higher cognitive function and relaxation from stress. Anyone can use this natural function in their body to improve their feelings and relax their brain to perform other functions effectively. Breathing Relaxation is a program designed to help you succeed in understanding how to use breathing to achieve this. With breathing relaxation, you will quickly improve how you can view the world using this powerful skill in the morning to make your day brighter. This program uses a straightforward layout and language in the design, ensuring anyone can fully understand everything taught. With breathing relaxation, you can unlock the secrets to successfully improving your health by using breathing. Understanding breathing helps you realize that mastering this function can help you take in breaths in the correct cinch to supply the brain with maximum oxygen supplies that can stimulate improved brain function.

The goal of competing response practice is to teach the client to engage in a competing response each time the habit behavior occurs or when an antecedent to

When individuals are learning a new response, prompting is most often used. Over time, the learner must come to emit the correct response without prompting.

When the natural cue was changed to evoke behavior, stimulus prompts must gradually be faded. For example, if the behavior being trained is recycling, the

During EMDR, the unprocessed dysfunctionally stored material is linked to more adaptive material, and new associations are made. The client attends to

When a new response is taught through the use of response prompts, fading is accomplished through one of three procedures time delay, least-to-most prompts,

Analogue behavioral observation is a behavioral assessment method in which a clinician observes a client's behavior in a contrived environment e.g., a waiting

In general, as the word implies, covert rehearsal involves repetition, or thinking about the material over and over again. However, in a less strict sense, any

Paul M.G. Emmelkamp and J. H. Kamphuis I. Description of Treatment II. Theoretical Bases III. Empirical Studies IV Summary aversion relief A therapeutic

Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies, New School for the Learning Sciences, and Brown University I. Description of Treatment II. Theoretical Basis III.

Models of exposure therapy, one of the key components of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders, suggest that attention may play an important role in the extinction of fear and anxiety. Evidence from cognitive research suggests that individual differences may play a causal role in the onset and maintenance of anxiety disorders and so it is also likely to influence treatment. We review the evidence concerning attention and treatment outcomes in anxiety disorders. The evidence reviewed here suggests that that attention biases assessed at pre-treatment might actually predict improved response to treatment, and in particular that prolonged engagement with threat as measured in tasks such as the dot probe is associated with greater reductions in anxious symptoms following treatment. We examine this research within a fear learning framework, considering the possible role of individual differences in attention in the extinction of fear during exposure. Theoretical, experimental and clinical implications are discussed, particularly with reference to the potential for attention bias modification programs in augmenting treatment, and also with reference to how existing research in this area might inform best practice for clinicians.

Relapse prevention (RP) is an important component of alcoholism treatment. The RP model proposed by Marlatt and Gordon suggests that both immediate determinants (e.g., high-risk situations, coping skills, outcome expectancies, and the abstinence violation effect) and covert antecedents (e.g., lifest …

[et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=”Text” background_layout=”light” text_orientation=”left” use_border_color=”off” border_color=”#ffffff” border_style=”solid”] The enclosed techniques and procedures were developed with materials from a workbook of cognitive behavior techniques titled “Thoughts & Feelings and written by Matthew McKay, Martha Davis, and Patrick Fanning. The workbook was published by New Harbinger Publications, Inc in 1997. Clinical Prompt Step […]

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”3.22″][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.25″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Text” _builder_version=”4.7.7″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” hover_enabled=”0″ use_border_color=”off” border_color=”#ffffff” border_style=”solid” sticky_enabled=”0″]The enclosed techniques and procedures were developed with materials from a workbook of cognitive behavior techniques titled “Thoughts & Feelings and written by Matthew McKay, Martha Davis, and Patrick Fanning. The workbook was […]

An approach that has gained widespread application in the treatment of substance abuse is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Its origins are in behavioral theory, focusing on both classical conditioning and operant learning; cognitive social learning theory, from which are taken ideas concerning observational learning, the influence of modeling, and the role of cognitive expectancies in determining behavior; and cognitive theory and therapy, which focus on the thoughts, cognitive schema, beliefs, attitudes, and attributions that influence one's feelings and mediate the relationship between antecedents and behavior. Although there are a number of similarities across these three seminal perspectives (see Carroll, 1998), each has contributed unique ideas consistent with its theoretical underpinnings. However, in most substance abuse treatment settings, the prominent features of these three theoretical approaches are merged into a cognitive-behavioral model.