Recent evidence suggests that there is a link between neurodevelopmental disorders, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and the gut microbiome. However, most studies to date have had low sample sizes, have not investigated the impact of psychostimulant medication, and have not a …

Sudden Increases in U.S. Stimulant Prescribing: Alarming or Not?

The global rise in methamphetamine use and its negative effects warrants the need for research exploring harm reduction and treatment interventions for individuals with methamphetamine use disorder. Agonist medications have been utilized for years for the treatment of heroin and opioid addiction, bu …

Prescription stimulant use, primarily for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), has increased among adults in the United States during recent decades, while remaining stable or declining among children and adolescents (1,2). MarketScan commercial claims data were analyzed …

Despite inattention being one of the most common symptoms of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome (PCS), there is a gap in the literature regarding its treatment. This report presents a case of attentional symptoms and fatigue that emerged after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The symptoms were similar to ADHD in adult …

Expanded access to publicly subsidised lisdexamfetamine treatment for adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An interrupted time-series analysis

Although the study of cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS; previously called sluggish cognitive tempo) first emerged in the 1980s, very little is known about treating CDS or its impact on evidence-based interventions for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with which it frequently co-o …

Bath Salts to Therapies: Can Separation of Adverse and Therapeutic Effects of Substituted Cathinones Lead to a Medication for Psychostimulant Use Disorder?

Incentive salience and hedonic experience evaluated after a single-dose CS medication segregate CS responders and non-responders, with corresponding neuroimaging biomarkers in the brain reward system.

Nicotine clearly interacts with d-amphetamine and methylphenidate in a variety of behavioral tasks and neurochemical assays assessing co-use liability across preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological research. The currently available research suggests research gaps examining these interactions in w …

In the quest for winning the game, some athletes take various chemicals (ie, drugs, herbs, or supplements) in attempts to develop greater strength, endurance, or other elements that bring a competitive advantage. There are more than 30,000 chemicals sold throughout the world with unrestrained and un …

PWH who use substances assigned to a combined intervention of CHW+ after jail release did not achieve higher rates of HIV VL suppression than TAU; however, they had improved substance use outcomes and met more basic subsistence needs. Results highlight the potential of culturally informed interventi …

Objectives: Amphetamines are a preferred treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with the dextroamphetamine transdermal system (d-ATS) providing an alternative to oral formulations. A pivotal trial of d-ATS in children and adolescents with ADHD met primary and ke …

Given the ongoing rise in methamphetamine use in the United States, it is important that clinicians understand that methamphetamine use can be associated with catatonia. Patients with methamphetamine-associated catatonia may respond favorably to lorazepam and require shorter hospital stays than othe …

Incorporating prescription psychostimulants into the continuum of care for people with stimulant use disorder in Canada

Background: This study surveyed adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aspects of their disorder, quality of life, and treatment experience. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of US-resident members …

Considering their representativeness, the results of the present study could be used as groundwork for the development of effective and targeted prevention programs and interventions.

The trend of nonmedical use of methylphenidate has changed significantly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Among the machine learning models using SNS data to analyze the adverse effects and nonmedical use of methylphenidate, the random forest model had the highest performance.

Concerns regarding the perioperative management of acute psychostimulant intoxication have been recognized for decades, but novel and diverse substances in this class continue to be developed. Despite the similarities in mechanisms of action among psychostimulants, each subclass within this broad ca …

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, although the aetiology of ADHD is not yet understood. One proposed theory for developing ADHD is N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) dysfunction. NMDARs are involved in regulating synaptic pla …

Abnormal brain activation was observed in medication-naive children and adolescents with ADHD during tasks involving motor inhibition and task switching, suggesting that hypoactivation in this patient group is unrelated to long-term stimulant exposure. Furthermore, functional abnormalities are task- …

In this invited review article, I present a translational perspective and overview of our research on auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia at the University of Bergen, Norway, with a focus on the neuronal mechanisms underlying the phenomenology of experiencing "hearing voices". An auditory verba …

The limited research examining auditory verbal hallucinations experiences in borderline personality disorder poses a significant diagnostic and treatment challenge. A deeper understanding of the precise phenomenological characteristics will help us in terms of diagnostic distinction as well as infor …

Auditory hallucinations, or paracusias, are sensory perceptions of hearing in the absence of an external stimulus. Auditory hallucinations can refer to a plethora of sounds; however, when the hallucinations are voices, they are distinguished as auditory verbal hallucinations. This specific subset of paracusias is particularly associated with schizophrenia but is not specific to it. Nonpsychotic disorders associated with auditory verbal hallucinations are affective, trauma-related, substance-related, and neurological disorders.[1] These voices can be distressful when they are threatening, derogatory, commanding, or haunting, affecting an individual's social and occupational functioning. Fortunately, paracusias respond well to the administration of psychotropic medications.

As you may have noted in my “Disclaimers” section, I am not a doctor. I will provide a simplified explanation of withdrawal for those who would like the “cliff-notes” versio…

Answer (1 of 2): In the absence of a real-world sex life, porn creates a distorted view of sex. It also increases the probability of continued rejection, and lowers the probability of entering a relationship. The most likely outcome is that no relationship will happen and the porn dependency will...