in epilepsy is unknown. Methods Astrocytes function in epilepsy, penicillin-induced astrocytes can be used as a model for seizures in vitro. Currently, the expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MAPK6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined by western blot and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analyses (RT-qPCR). The expression level of miR-128-3p was evaluated by RT-qPCR. TargetScan 7.1 and dual luciferase reporter assay were used for prediction and verification of interaction between miR-128-3p and MAPK6 3′ untranslated region (UTR). Cell viability was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results We found that penicillin-induced decrease in cell viability, and increase of TNF-α/IL-1β in primary astrocytes. There were lower miR-128-3p and higher MAPK6 in penicillin-treated primary astrocytes. miR-128-3p overexpression rescued penicillin-induced reduction of cell viability, and upregulation of TNF-α/IL-1β, which was partially abolished by MAPK6 overexpression. Conclusion Altogether, miR-128-3p attenuates penicillin-induced cell injury and inflammation in astrocytes by targeting MAPK6, thus providing a protective role in epilepsy....

Absence seizures are brief seizures characterized by a behavioral arrest that correlates with generalized 3-Hertz spike-and-wave discharges on electroencephalogram (EEG.)[1] Absence seizures occur in multiple genetic generalized epilepsies, including childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE), and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME.)[2] Atypical absence seizures have been reported in up to 60% of patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

A hospital-based pregnancy registry can establish the fetal risk of major malformations for a commonly used drug. Prenatal exposure to phenobarbital is associated with a significantly increased risk of fetal abnormalities.

First-trimester in utero exposure to methylphenidate does not appear to be associated with a substantially (ie, more than 2-fold) increased overall risk of major congenital malformations.

Psychological stress at work is a rising problem in Denmark. Nearly one third of the women reported in 2005 that they had difficulties completing their work tasks, and 17 % found that they had only limited or no influence on their work tasks. The corresponding numbers for 1987 were 18.3 % and 16 %, …

For information on infertility and mental health, please visit our blog or our Fertility and Mental Health Library for relevant articles in this area.

Learn about Mydayis. See Safety Info & Boxed WARNING regarding Abuse and Dependence. Not for use in ages 12 & younger.

Amphetamine is a CNS stimulant and sympathomimetic agent indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy - Metabolism pathways of arachidonic acids: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy - Metabolism pathways of arachidonic acids: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets

The endocannabinoid system plays a key role in regulating a variety of physiological processes such as appetite control and energy balance, pain perception, and immune responses. Recent studies have implicated the endocannabinoid system in the regulation ...

The endocannabinoid system plays a key role in regulating a variety of physiological processes such as appetite control and energy balance, pain perception, and immune responses. Recent studies have implicated the endocannabinoid system in the regulation ...

MUSC researchers and their collaborators will explore how cannabis smoking alters the bacterial communities in the mouth and how those changes affect the brain.

Prince Harry's book, with sex, drugs and monarchy, reaches parts never seen before in a royal memoir.

Following alcohol and marijuana, prescription drugs and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and supplements are the most commonly-abused substances in Americans aged 14 years and older.

Coronavirus disease-19 caused by the novel RNA betacoronavirus SARS-CoV2 has first emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019, and since then developed into a worldwide pandemic with >99 million people afflicted and >2.1 million fatal outcomes as of 24th January 2021. SARS-CoV2 targets the lower respiratory tract system leading to pneumonia with fever, cough, and dyspnea. Most patients develop only mild symptoms. However, a certain percentage develop severe symptoms with dyspnea, hypoxia, and lung involvement which can further progress to a critical stage where respiratory support due to respiratory failure is required. Most of the COVID-19 symptoms are related to hyperinflammation as seen in cytokine release syndrome and it is believed that fatalities are due to a COVID-19 related cytokine storm. Treatments with anti-inflammatory or anti-viral drugs are still in clinical trials or could not reduce mortality. This makes it necessary to develop novel anti-inflammatory therapies. Recently, the therapeutic potential of phytocannabinoids, the unique active compounds of the cannabis plant, has been discovered in the area of immunology. Phytocannabinoids are a group of terpenophenolic compounds which biological functions are conveyed by their interactions with the endocannabinoid system in humans. Here, we explore the anti-inflammatory function of cannabinoids in relation to inflammatory events that happen during severe COVID-19 disease, and how cannabinoids might help to prevent ...

WHRY Explores How Cannabis May Affect Men and Women Differently