The combination of light and photosensitizers for phototherapeutic interventions such as photodynamic therapy has transformed medicine and biology. However, the shallow penetration of light in tissues and the reliance on tissue oxygenation to generate ...

Simvastatin (SIM), a widely used anti-lipidaemic drug, has been identified as a bone anabolic agent. Its poor water solubility and the lack of distribution to the skeleton, however, have limited its application in the treatment of bone metabolic diseases. ...

Minibodies show rapider blood clearance than IgGs due to smaller size that improves target-to-background ratio (TBR) in in vivo imaging. Additionally, the ability to activate an optical probe after binding to the target greatly improves the TBR. An optical ...

Microbubbles triggered with localized ultrasound (US) can improve tumor drug delivery and retention. Termed US-stimulated drug delivery, this strategy was applied to head and neck cancer (HNC) in a post-surgical tumor resection model. Nude athymic mice ...

Oncolytic virus (OV) therapies of cancer are based on the use of replication-competent, tumor-selective viruses with limited toxicity. Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, is a promising OV and is inherently tumor selective and cytotoxic ...

Efficient labeling of protein-based targeting ligands with various cargos (drugs, imaging agents, nanoparticles, etc.) is essential to the fields of molecular imaging and targeted therapeutics. Many common bioconjugation techniques, however, are inefficient, ...

The blood brain barrier (BBB) is a highly dynamic interface between the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery. The BBB is comprised of a number of components and is part of the larger neuro(glio)vascular unit. Current literature suggests that psychostimulant ...

Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) proliferation and migration are key components in vessel remodeling. Cyclic nucleotide signaling is protective and has long-served as a therapeutic target against undesired VSM growth. The present work analyzed the effects ...

The importance of mechanical signals in normal and inflamed cartilage is well established. Chondrocytes respond to changes in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and mechanical signals during inflammation. Cytokines like interleukin (IL)-1β ...

Cell Death & Disease - Methamphetamine potentiates HIV-1 gp120-mediated autophagy via Beclin-1 and...

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The collaboration kicked off with a billboard featuring a message about the risks of prescription opioids and the need to consider alternatives.

Soleimavis Liu presented this paper at the recent E-Leader conference held by Fudan University and Chinese American Scholars Association in Shanghai, January 5-7, 2015. Recent years, the words “mind control abuse and torture” and “target individual” appears frequently online.

NodeMCU EPS8266 information. Amica and LoLin comparisons, technical specifications, model difference, device pinouts, use with Arduino IDE.

LI-COR SURG program offers matching grants. Undergraduate students can have the opportunity to use an Odyssey XF Imager for science education.

Search our publications database to find out how other researchers have used LI-COR imaging systems and the various application options available to you.

LI-COR Biosciences designs and manufactures instrument systems and research tools for environmental and biotechnology research.

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated increase in monocyte adhesion and trafficking is exacerbated by cocaine abuse. The underlying mechanisms involve cocaine-mediated upregulation of adhesion molecules with subsequent disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Recently, a novel activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) has been implicated in leukocyte transmigration across the endothelium. We now show that upregulation of ALCAM in the brain endothelium seen in HIV+/cocaine drug abusers paralleled increased CD68 immunostaining compared with HIV+/no cocaine or uninfected controls, suggesting the important role of ALCAM in promoting leukocyte infiltration across the BBB. Furthermore, ALCAM expression was increased in cocaine-treated mice with concomitant increase in monocyte adhesion and transmigration in vivo , which was ameliorated by pretreating with the neutralizing antibody to ALCAM, lending additional support to the role of ALCAM. This new concept was further confirmed by in vitro experiments. Cocaine-mediated induction of ALCAM in human brain microvascular endothelial cells through the translocation of σ receptor to the plasma membrane, followed by phosphorylation of PDGF-β (platelet-derived growth factor-β) receptor. Downstream activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, Akt, and NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) pathways resulted in induced expression of ALCAM. Functional implication of upregulated ALCAM was confirmed using cell adhesion and transmigration assays. Neutralizing antibody to ALCAM ameliorated this effect. Together, these findings implicate cocaine-mediated induction of ALCAM as a mediator of increased monocyte adhesion/transmigration into the CNS.

Intervention, Inc., a Colorado nonprofit corporation, has provided Colorado with quality criminal justice services for over 30 years.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the benefits and barriers of implementing radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology in the healthcare sector and to provide recommendations to overcome potential barriers.

Intended for manufacturers of implantable middle ear hearing devices (IMEHD) for use in adults 18 years of age and older.

Few preclinical studies have compared the relative therapeutic efficacy of medications used to treat opiate addiction in relation to neuroAIDS. Here we com...

Impact forces acting on falling objects hitting the ground, cars crashing and similar cases.

About half the people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have neurocognitive deficits that often include memory impairment and hippocampal deficits, which can be exacerbated by opioid abuse. To explore the effects of opioids and HIV on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuron structure and function, we induced HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) expression in transgenic mice for 14 d and co-administered time-release morphine or vehicle subcutaneous implants during the final 5 d (days 9–14) to establish steady-state morphine levels. Morphine was withheld from some ex vivo slices during recordings to begin to assess the initial pharmacokinetic consequences of opioid withdrawal. Tat expression reduced hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuronal excitability at lower stimulating currents. Pyramidal cell firing rates were unaffected by continuous morphine exposure. Behaviorally, exposure to Tat or high dosages of morphine impaired spatial memory Exposure to Tat and steady-state levels of morphine appeared to have largely independent effects on pyramidal neuron structure and function, a response that is distinct from other vulnerable brain regions such as the striatum. By contrast, acutely withholding morphine (from morphine-tolerant ex vivo slices) revealed unique and selective neuroadaptive shifts in CA1 pyramidal neuronal excitability and dendritic plasticity, including some interactions with Tat. Collectively, the results show that opioid-HIV interactions in hippocampal area CA1 are more nuanced than previously assumed, and appear to vary depending on the outcome assessed and on the pharmacokinetics of morphine exposure.

Continuity Test, Why Do We Use Continuity Test? Procedure Of Continuity Test, Continuity Test For Capacitor, Continuity Test For Inductor, Homemade Continuity Tester, Continuity for Fuse, Switch, Cables, Resistor and other Electrical and electronic components and devices