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The cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β is a key mediator of the inflammatory response and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic inflammation

One of the characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the large inter- and intra-individual variability of the clinical course. Lupus nephritis is no exception. Some patients with kidney involvement may show rapid progression to renal failure, others may enter complete and stable remis …

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic, progressive cholestatic liver disease, which is invariably fatal. Circumstantial and indirect evidence suggests that autoimmune mechanisms have a role in the pathogenesis of PBC. Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) are highly sensitive and specific marker …

Transplantation of MHC-compatible, T-cell-depleted, bone marrow cells has successfully treated autoimmunities, immunodeficiencies, malignancies, and developmental deficiencies of the hematopoietic system. Recombinant inbred SCG/Kj mice develop spontaneous crescentic glomerulonephritis, systemic vasc …

Paracrine effect of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) on autoimmune insulitis and diabetes was studied by transgenic production of the active form of porcine TGF-beta1 (pTGF-beta1) in pancreatic islet (islet) alpha cells in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice under the control of rat glucagon pr …

On the basis of the positive outcome of animal experiments, several large placebo-controlled trials are underway and aiming for the first time at the prevention of an immune-mediated disease, type 1 diabetes. The first of these trials, The Deutsche Nicotinamide Intervention Study (DENIS), evaluated …

Gallium nitrate (GN) has been shown to inhibit T cell-mediated inflammatory disease. The purpose of our study was to test the effect of gallium nitrate (GN) on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). Experimental autoimmune uveitis was induced in male Lewis rats immunized with retinal S-antigen. Rats …

Gallium (Ga) nitrate, a drug which prevents a variety of experimental autoimmune diseases, was investigated in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In one experiment, female MRL/Mp lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice were randomized into 2 groups of 6: 1) vehicle (trisodium citrate) and 2) Ga. S …

Oral administration of uveitogenic retinal antigens suppresses the expression of EAU induced by a subsequent immunization with these antigens. Effectiveness and mechanisms of oral tolerance in EAU have mainly been studied in the acute, monophasic model in Lewis rats by feeding antigen prior to induc …

Transplantations of fully allogeneic, autoimmune-resistant T-cell-depleted marrow (TCDM) plus syngeneic, autoimmune-prone TCDM into lethally irradiated BXSB mice were carried out to investigate the ability of the mixed bone marrow transplantation (BMT) to prevent development of autoimmune disease an …

At the present time, there are markers which we can use to identify individuals with a high susceptibility of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) years before the onset of the disease. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease strongly associated with HLA antigen …

Insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the consequence of a chronic cell-mediated immune attack upon the insulin-producing beta-cells. Progressive insulinopenia is characteristic of individuals who eventually develop IDDM. Autoimmunity develops because of a failure in self-nonself di …

DBA/1 mice were administered type II collagen (CII) or collagen peptides intranasally before systemic immunization to determine whether tolerance could be induced and autoimmune arthritis suppressed. Although prior experiments have demonstrated that collagen given intravenously or orally is effectiv …

The effects of energy restriction on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) were investigated. Seven-week-old, male Lewis rats were divided into three groups. Experiment A) A control group was fed ad libitum, a second group was given 50% calorie restricted food from the day of immunization, and a thi …

Previous studies have shown that in vivo treatment with antiinterferon-gamma (anti-IFNgamma) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) prevents the development of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. Although these findings anticipate that specific anti-IFNgamma therapies may be useful for the prevention/treatment o …

The in vitro activity of gelatinase B, an enzyme whose appearance in the cerebrospinal fluid is associated with inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system, was dose-dependently inhibited by the antirheumatic D-penicillamine. Inhibition of gelatinase B in electrophoretically pure preparation …

Treatment of SJL mice with 400 ng Bordetella pertussis toxin (PT) either in saline or emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant protected the mice against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced 28 days later by a synthetic peptide of myelin proteolipid protein (PLP139-151) in compl …

Immunotherapeutic approaches to autoimmune disease have a common goal of inducing antigen-specific, long-lasting tolerance to autoantigens, without otherwise compromising the immune response. Here we review some of the most interesting experimental advances in this area. We discuss the use of T cell …