Research

Evidence that HIV and hepatitis C are spreading among intravenous drug users is prompting more state and local officials to consider setting up needle exchanges—including some who had been resistant to such programs.

Missed targets have resulted in 3.5 million more HIV infections and 820 000 more AIDS-related deaths since 2015 than if the world was on track to meet the 2020 targets. In addition, the response could be set back further, by 10 years or more, if the COVID-19 pandemic results in severe disruptions to HIV services.

The U.S. government had accused Gilead Science of violating patents for drugs used in the HIV prevention regimen PrEP.

Incentive-based interventions are used to encourage HIV testing, linkage to HIV care, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. Studies assessing efficacy of cash incentives have raised questions about the perceived ethicality of and attitudes towards incentives. Here we explore patients' and heal …

Jake Schneider and Darrell West write about their research into the profitability of HIV/AIDS treatments as an incentive for much needed investment.

Thousands of people have shared their experiences on film to help you understand what it's like to have a health condition such as breast cancer or arthritis.

CREDIT: KELLY KRAUSE/SCIENCE

How do modern women in developing countries experience sexuality and love? Drawing on a rich array of interview, ethnographic, and survey data from her native country of Kenya, Sanyu A. Mojola examines how young African women, who suffer disproportionate rates of HIV infection compared to young African men, navigate their relationships, schooling, employment, and finances in the context of economic inequality and a devastating HIV epidemic.

Critics say the CDC is “twiddling their thumbs” and failing to leverage patent for public health.

The Tennessee Department of Health says it will no longer accept federal grant money to prevent or treat HIV. Experts worry the state has set itself up for a major outbreak.

A Florida man was arrested today for allegedly distributing more than $230 million in adulterated HIV drugs that were ultimately dispensed to unsuspecting patients throughout the country.

Cirrus embarks on a two-year HIV prevention study, along the way mulling over what might be learned—and how his participation makes a difference.

Background Commercial sex workers within the population of men who have sex with men (MSM) in China, known as ‘money boys’ (MBs), are perceived to be at higher risk for HIV and other sexually-transmissible infections (STIs). Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses from peer-reviewed literature accessed in two English (PubMed and Embase) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, CQVIP, Wanfang data). A data synthesis exercise was carried out to determine the extent and patterns of behaviours and HIV/STI epidemics. Pooled estimates, with 95% confidence intervals, for each study variable were calculated. Results Thirty-two eligible articles (9 in English and 23 in Chinese) were identified. Our analysis indicated that Chinese MBs are generally young, currently employed, at low literacy levels and highly mobile. The prevalence of HIV, syphilis and co-infection among MBs were estimated to be 6.0% (4.2–8.5%), 12.4% (9.9–15.3%) and 2.2% (1.1–4.1%) over the period of 2004–2011. Level of condom use among MBs is generally higher than the broader MSM population (69.2% at last act, and 48.5% consistently over the past 6 months). One-third of the Chinese MBs identified themselves as bisexual and 8.7% (5.6–13.5%) are currently married to a female. Further, 40.9% (34.5–47.7%) of MBs participated in group sex in the past 12 months and 14.8% (10.6–20.3%) concurrently use illicit drugs. Conclusions HIV/STI epidemics have affected Chinese MBs but the evidence suggests that the extent of infections is not greater than among other MSM in China.

Donors have not yet committed enough money for studies needed to confirm a promising South African trial of a microbicide and to get the product to women.

With less international money being pledged to combat AIDS, the onus is falling on countries to fund their own responses. Who is going to lose out?

Opiate abuse in males has significant effects on their sexual functions. In contrast, sexuality in females is a multidimensional issue that can strongly be affected by several factors in their partners. However, only a limited number of studies have assessed ...

Where we go one, we go all.

The following guidelines were developed by the National Joint Committee for the Communication Needs of Persons With Severe Disabilities.

Children and adults with severe speech or language problems may need to find other ways to communicate. There are many types of AAC that they can use. Speech-language pathologists, or SLPs, can help.

Eye-contact: a chance product of individual looking?

Humans have a remarkable capacity for tuning their communicative behaviors to different addressees, a phenomenon also known as recipient design. It remains unclear how this tuning of communicative behavior is implemented during live human interactions. Classical theories of communication postulate t …

This study investigated the development of "mindreading" in young adults. Forty university students were divided into two groups (role-play group and no-role-play group). Then they participated in a perspective-taking task in which the use of mindreading is essential. The participants viewed a compu …

Are Classrooms Meeting the Basic Psychological Needs of Children With ADHD Symptoms? A Self-Determination Theory Perspective

ADHD and DAMP: A General Health Perspective

Were low transferrin levels associated with ADHD symptoms?

Taking a Bleulerian perspective: a role for negative symptoms in the staging model?

Adult participants for the current study were placed into one of two groups depending on whether they manifested either high or low symptom levels of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as determined by the Wender Utah Rating Scale. Participants were also assessed on a battery of cogniti …

A number of different instruments for evaluating ADHD have been adapted to the adult patient and allow a reliable diagnosis of the disorder to be reached. Semi-structured interviews, like the Diagnostisch Interview Voor ADHD 2.0 (DIVA), simplify the task of performing a rigorous evaluation of both t …

Overall, clear differences emerged between men and women with ADHD. Implications and future directions are discussed.