SPERM STEM CELLS

An injection of banked sperm-producing stem cells can restore fertility to male primates who become sterile due to cancer drug side effects, according to researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School ...

Background Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type, is one of the more common subtypes of mature T cell lymphoma, especially in the Far East Asian population. This aggressive histologic subtype of peripheral T cell lymphomas is frequently susceptible to exposure of Epstein–Barr virus infection. The optimal treatment is not well elucidated. For stage IV disseminated extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, induction chemotherapy with consolidative autologus or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is recommended as the major first-line treatment. However, there is controversy over which type of chemotherapy is most appropriate and effective as a bridge to autologus or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed disseminated advanced-stage or relapsed extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma because of cancer chemoresistance or associated complications. Pralatrexate is the first US Food and Drug Administration-approved novel agent for the treatment of refractory/recurrent peripheral T cell lymphomas. In our case, pralatrexate was used as a successful bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with advanced-stage disseminated extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma refractory to first-line chemotherapy. Case presentation We presented a case report of a 29-year-old Asian man diagnosed as having stage IV disseminated extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type, with skin and bone marrow involvement, whose disease was primary refractory to first-line dexamethasone, methotrexate, ifosfamide, L-asparaginase, and etoposide chemotherapy, but obviously responded to treatment with two cycles of single-agent pralatrexate treatment. Monitoring Epstein–Barr virus viremia revealed dramatic downregulation. In addition to complete remission of the involvement of bone marrow and nasal cavity, skin involvement also obtained partial remission. The extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma successfully achieved complete remission after a bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Conclusions This is the first study to present pralatrexate as a successful bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a 29-year-old Asian male patient with advanced-stage extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma refractory to first-line dexamethasone, methotrexate, ifosfamide, L-asparaginase, and etoposide chemotherapy. This case provides a novel treatment opinion for extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, especially for the Far East Asian population.

A stem cell transplant (SCT) allows doctors to use higher doses of chemo to kill acute myeloid leukemia cells.

Incidence of Clostridium difficile Infection in Patients with Acute Leukemia and Lymphoma after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - Volume 31 Issue 3

Stem Cell Transplant Patients can get fungal diseases like Aspergillosis

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Testicular germ cells that provide an unending source of sperm appear to be able to become embryo-like stem cells able to morph into any cell of the body.

Stratified sampling is typically used to ensure smaller sub-groups are covered. Here's details.

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We study supermodular games on graphs as a benchmark model of cooperation in networked systems. In our model, each agent's payoff is a function of the aggregate action of its neighbors and it exhibits strategic complementarity. We study the largest Nash equilibrium which, in turn, is the Pareto optimal equilibrium in the presence of positive externalities. We show that the action of a node in the largest NE depends on its centrality in the network. In particular, the action of nodes that are in the k-core of the graph is lower bounded by a threshold that is nondecreasing in k. The main insight of the result is that the degree of a node may not be the right indicator of the strength and influence of a node in the equilibrium. We also consider Bayesian supermodular games on networks, in which each node knows only its own degree. In this setting, we show that the largest symmetric Bayesian equilibrium is monotone in the edge perspective degree distribution.

Germ cell transplantation (GCT) is a promising assisted reproductive technology for the conservation and propagation of endangered and valuable genetic resources. In teleost fish, GCT in adult gonads has been achieved only in male recipients, limiting greatly the usefulness of this technique in situations where both sexes need equal and timely attention for conservation and/or propagation. Here we describe a simplified GCT approach that ultimately leads to production of donor-derived eggs and sperm in considerably short time. Donor germ cells isolated from young pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis (Atherinopsidae) were transplanted non-surgically through the genital papilla into the sexually mature gonads of Patagonian pejerrey O. hatcheri recipients whose gonads have been depleted of endogenous GCs by heat (26°C) and chemical treatment (four doses of Busulfan at 30 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg for females and males, respectively). Transplanted spermatogonial and oogonial cells were able to recolonize the recipients' gonads and produce functional donor origin eggs and sperm within 7 months from the GCT. We confirmed the presence of donor-derived gametes by PCR in 17% and 5% of the surrogate O. hatcheri fathers and mothers, respectively. The crosses between surrogate fathers and O. bonariensis mothers yielded 12.6–39.7% pure O. bonariensis and that between a surrogate mother and an O. bonariensis father yielded 52.2% pure O. bonariensis offspring. Our findings confirm that transplantation of germ cells into sexually competent adult fish by non-surgical methods allows the production of functional donor-derived eggs and sperm in a considerably short time. The methods described here could play a vital role in conservation and rapid propagation of endangered fish genetic resources.

Targeting Resistant Prostate Cancer With ATR and PARP Inhibition (TRAP Trial) - Full Text View.

Dutasteride was associated with a significant reduction in prostate cancer volume on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging compared to placebo.

The Effect of Methotrexate on Sperm Quality in Men With Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Full Text View.

CATSPER1 is meiotically and post-meiotically expressed in human testis tissue. CATSPER1 mRNA in human ejaculated spermatozoa could be a more feasible target for study and infertility screening than testis biopsy. In addition, our results suggest that human CATSPER1 could be a possible target for imm …

GAP3 is the largest worldwide collaboration integrating patient data from men with PCa on AS. The results will allow individual patients and clinicians to have greater confidence in the personalized decision to either delay or proceed with active treatment. Longer follow-up and the evaluation of MRI …

A total of 17% of men with no visible lesion developed a visible lesion at a median follow up of 3.6 years. It is possible to show significant growth in patients with a visible lesion, but variability in volume measurements between scans means that it is difficult to reliably detect increases of thi …

Many men with prostate cancer benefit from active surveillance, in which treatment doesn’t begin unless the cancer spreads. There has been some debate about whether this strategy is safe for ...

The container relocation problem (CRP) is concerned with finding a sequence of moves of containers that minimizes the number of relocations needed to retrieve all containers, while respecting a giv...

Why "the snip" gets the short shrift.

The technique is designed for breeding genetically superior farm animals, but may have additional conservation and medical applications.

A vaccine based on synthetic biology looks scalable and like it will work without refrigeration, crucial attributes for places such as sub-Saharan Africa.

There are several things a man can do to increase the chances that he will get a woman pregnant.

The various types of stem cell transplants including autologous, allogeneic, tandem, as well as sources of cells including peripheral stem cells, bone marrow, cord blood.

Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) data collection and analyzed by CIBMTR is available through related Web sites.

British researchers will study the genes of thousands of ill COVID-19 patients to try to crack one of the most puzzling riddles of the novel coronavirus: why does it kill some people but give others not even a mild headache?

Vedolizumab, an α4ß7 integrin IgG1 monoclonal antibody, has a favorable safety profile.1 However, data concerning the effect of vedolizumab exposure on male reproduction are limited.2 No study has investigated the impact of vedolizumab on semen quality, which is the standard surrogate marker of male fertility. The basic evaluation of sperm concentration, morphology, and motility does not evaluate the genomic integrity of the spermatozoa. Because intact DNA integrity is essential for the accurate transmission of paternal genetic information, examination of DNA integrity adds pivotal additional information to the conventional measures of semen quality.

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