Book sources - Wikipedia
List of sovereign states by Official Development Assistance received - Wikipedia
Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies - Wikipedia
List of development aid sovereign state donors - Wikipedia
Better Aid 2008 Survey on Monitoring the Paris Declaration - Google Books
This survey report which presents the results from the second, follow-up survey on monitoring the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, assesses progress in 55 developing countries and helps us understand the challenges in making aid more effective in advancing development. The findings are clear: progress is being made, but not fast enough. Unless they seriously gear up their efforts, developing countries and their external partners will not meet their international commitments and targets for effective aid by 2010. Action is needed now. This report makes three high-level policy recommendations that will help accelerate progress and transform the aid relationship into a full partnership.
Transparency: ILO’s Official Development Assistance data now available on OECD-DAC database
The OECD-DAC has published detailed financial information on ODA core spending by the ILO in 2014 and 2015
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New Donors of Development Assistance: Theorizing the Future of the OECD Aid Apparatus | Reconsidering Development
This paper explores the new role that non-OECD nations such as Brazil, India, Russia, South Africa, South Korea and, especially, China are playing in providing international development aid. While global aid flows from traditional OECD nations remain significant to the development of global politics and what William Robinson calls the “Transnational State” (TNS) apparatus, these new aid donors are challenging the Western nations’ vision of what development means and what kind of global economy is being built. The consequences of these increasing aid flows for the global economy and for the development of aid recipient nations at this point are unclear. But it is crucial for scholars to pay close attention to the rise in official development assistance (ODA) from non-OECD nations as a key indicator of global political and economic integration. Bringing together insights from world systems theory, world polity theory, field theory, Robinson’s Transnational State perspective, and Saskia Sassen’s work on deterritorialityand denationization, this paper considers the role that new donors are likely to play within the global political economy in the coming decades. Particular attention is paid to whether the so-called “South-South” aid from these new donors is really “South-South,” whether we can expect to see a counterhegemonic shift in aid practice, what kind of future conflicts between donors are on the horizon, what this might mean for world state formation, and finally, whether any of this amounts to the beginning of the end for the nearly 60-year old Western aid apparatus.
Objectives monitored by OECD - Ministry for Foreign Affairs
Ulkoministeriön verkkopalvelu
A methodology for merging IATI and CRS data - Publish What You Fund
Our women’s economic empowerment team wanted to include as many international funding flows as possible when analysing development assistance data. In this blog, Benjamin Honey explores the pros and cons of merging the two main data sources and describes the methodology we employed.
The Rise and Fall of the Aid Effectiveness Norm | The European Journal of Development Research
The European Journal of Development Research - This article analyzes the rise and fall of the aid effectiveness norm, using the lens of Finnemore and Sikkink’s norm ‘life cycle’....
Development aid stable in 2014 but flows to poorest countries still falling - UHC2030
OECD figures suggest that aid to the poorest countries continue to fall
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Aid Flow
Guides, case studies and resources for government & civil society on the
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Indicator | SDG 6 Data
Exploring international aid for tertiary education: recent developments and current trends - UNESCO Digital Library
book
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Whose Aid? Whose Influence? China, Emerging Donors and the Silent Revolution in Development Assistance on JSTOR
Ngaire Woods, Whose Aid? Whose Influence? China, Emerging Donors and the Silent Revolution in Development Assistance, International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-), Vol. 84, No. 6 (Nov., 2008), pp. 1205-1221
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FWTW Additional Information | Country Planning Cycle Database
Additional Information (From Whom to Whom)AcronymsAfDB - African Development Bank; AfDF - African Development Fund; AFRO - WHO African Region; AMRO -WHO Region of the Americas;
Donors’ Dilemma: Bilateral versus Multilateral Aid Channels | Evans School of Public Policy and Governance
Foreign aid donors face many decisions about how they should disburse aid, and must be able to justify these choices to their constituents. Among the choices that donors must make is whether to
OECD redefines foreign aid to include some military spending | Global development | The Guardian
Donor countries can now use some of the budgets to support the military and security forces in fragile states
International Aid Data - Government Sources by Subject - Library Guides at University of Washington Libraries
House of Lords - The Economic Impact and Effectiveness of Development Aid - Economic Affairs Committee
5. Mr Roger Riddell, author of "Does
Aid Really Work?" told us that "aid began in the
1940s."[4] The British
Government's ground nuts scheme in Tanganyika was an early example.
6. When former colonies reached independence,
economic progress often lagged, and former colonial powers maintained
development programmes. Aid programmes became an important strand
in relations between Western developed and developing countries,
coupled until the fall of the Soviet Union with a Western desire
to limit Soviet political influence in the developing world.
DONORS
7. The main established donors are members of
the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organisation
for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).[5]
Set up in 1960, the DAC serves as a consultative forum. Its statistics
give the global picture of member-states' Official Development
Assistance (ODA). Other OECD member-states are now donors also.[6]
Non-OECD countries such as China, India and Brazil are becoming
significant donors, although still recipients of British aid.
Private foundations are also now active in development aid. The
arrival of all these new entrants means that sources of aid are
more diverse. Whereas in 1970 75% of recorded aid to poor countries
came from the US, the UK and France, by 2010 their collective
share had fallen to 44%.[7]
8. In 2010, the United States was by far the
biggest single DAC donor followed by the United Kingdom, France,
Germany and Japan in that order. Only Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden,
Denmark and the Netherlands met the UN target of spending 0.7%
of GNI on aid.
FIGURE 3
DAC Donors: Who gives what?[8]
Source: OECD Development Assistance Committee
Statistics on Resource Flows to Developing Countries http://webnet.oecd.org/oda2010
SPENDING
9. From 1960 to 2010 net development finance
from DAC members rose from about $40 billion to over $125 billion
a year in real terms. The proportion of donors' Gross National
Income (GNI) devoted to aid fell over the same period from about
0.5% to 0.3%. Although the US is the largest DAC donor, it nonetheless
allocates only 0.2% of its national income to aid. Excluding the
US, the average contribution of DAC donors is about 0.4%. If all
DAC donors gave 0.7% the annual total of development finance would
more than double to $270 billion.[9]
FIGURE 4
The Long View: Net ODA from DAC Members,
US$ billions and share of Gross National Income (GNI)
Source: OECD Development Assistance Committee
Statistics on Resource Flows to Developing Countries http://webnet.oecd.org/dcdgraphs/ODAhistory/
OECD Development Assistance Committee net ODA is
measured in constant 2009 prices and includes debt relief, which
was particularly high in 2005 and 2006 as a result of the relief
of £2.7 billion owed by Nigeria to the UK's Export Credit
Guarantee Department.
10. While global aid spending by member states
of the OECD's Development Assistance Committee (DAC) has risen
steadily over the past fifty years, its share of donors' Gross
National Income fell from 1960 to 1970 and again in the 1990s
(when aid declined in absolute terms). Today, aid accounts for
about the same share of donors' Gross National Income as it did
in the early 1970s.
11. ODA remains a significant strand of international
economic relations and is the means by which donor governments
contribute directly to development. Total aid grew fast—8%
a year—in the first decade of this century.[10]
In 2010 net DAC aid was $128.5 billion, the highest ever total
in real terms.[11] But
developing countries' income from other external sources was much
higher. In 2010 private capital flows from DAC members to developing
countries—which have surged in the last couple of decades—totalled
over US$1 trillion and remittances were $321 billion (Table 1).
Trade is even more important; the export earnings of all developing
countries in 2010 were more than 40 times the level of official
aid flows.[12] Professor
Paul Collier of Oxford University, author of "The Bottom
Billion"[13], said
"supporting development is very much more than aid. Aid is
almost a sideshow in the portfolio."[14]
TABLE 1
Aid and Private Capital Flows to Developing
Countries 2010
Flows
US$ billions
% of total official and private flows
Total Official Flows (net ODA)128
10.9%
Total Private Flows (including remittances)
1042
89.1%
Foreign direct investment509
43.5%
Portfolio Investment128
10.9%
Net private long-term debt84
7.2%
Remittances321
27.4%
Source: Aid Data: OECD Development Assistance
Committee Statistics on Resource Flows to Developing Countries
Table 1 www.oecd.org/dac/stats/dcrannex; Private flows: World
Bank Global Development Finance http://databank.worldbank.org/ddp/home.do?Step=1&id=4
Definitions for Private Capital Flows: Net Inflows on Foreign
Direct Investment (US$ millions); Net Inflows of Portfolio / Equity
Investment (US$ millions); Net flows on private non-guaranteed
long-term debt (US$ millions); Workers remittances received from
overseas. Developing countries defined as all low and middle income
countries that are DAC eligible
Since private capital flows to developing countries
are now so much greater than official aid flows it seems clear
that private spending has become a much greater contributor to
development than official aid.
AID RECIPIENTS
12. Some countries, for example the "Asian
Tigers" such as South Korea, have graduated over time from
eligibility or need for aid, while other long-term aid recipients
such as Botswana have achieved impressive growth.[15]
In others, such as Bangladesh, aid as a proportion of national
income has fallen sharply over the years.[16]
But there are still many poor people in a range of recipient countries.
148 countries remain eligible for aid by DAC criteria.[17]
13. The main destinations of DAC aid in 2010
were Sub-Saharan Africa (44%), which also received more aid per
head than other regions, followed at some distance by South and
Central Asia (19.5%) and Middle East and North Africa (10%).
FIGURE 5
Aid by destination: DAC donors 2010
Source: OECD Development Assistance Committee
Statistics on Resource Flows to Developing Countries Table 27
www.oecd.org/dac/stats/dcrannex
FIGURE 6
Aid by destination: UK 2010
Source: OECD Development Assistance Committee
Statistics on Resource Flows to Developing Countries Table 27
www.oecd.org/dac/stats/dcrannex
Note: UK Aid to South and Central Asia is dominated
by aid to India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Major recipients
in Sub-Saharan Africa are Ethiopia, Tanzania, Nigeria, Uganda,
Mozambique and Rwanda.
Sub Saharan Africa remains by far the main destination
of global and British aid flows. It seems likely that an even
higher share of British than of overall DAC aid goes to the region
because of the UK's links to its former colonies.
4 Q 9 Back
5
Appendix 5 Back
6
Appendix 5-6 Back
7
DFID 1, para 71 Back
8
China and India are not included since they are not members of
the Development Assistance Committee. But their programmes are
substantial and growing. Back
9
Carter and Temple, para 11 Back
10
Riddell, Q 20 Back
11
OECD DAC Back
12
Calculated using data from World Bank, World Development Indicators,
Exports of Goods and Services Back
13
Paul Collier, The Bottom Billion (OUP, 2007) Back
14
Q 333 Back
15
DFID 1, para 22, table 1 Back
16
Q 287 Back
17
OECD, The DAC List of ODA Recipients, Factsheet-January 2012 Back
ODA tracker (1) | Research project on Japan’s strategic and effective funding and cooperation with international health-related organizations focused on COVID-19 and the three major infectious diseases