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Global data center industry to emit 2.5 billion tons of CO2 through 2030, Morgan Stanley says
Global data center industry to emit 2.5 billion tons of CO2 through 2030, Morgan Stanley says
A boom in data centers is expected to produce about 2.5 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions globally through the end of the decade, and accelerate investments in decarbonization efforts, according to Morgan Stanley research.
Global data center industry to emit 2.5 billion tons of CO2 through 2030, Morgan Stanley says
Suicide and Associations with Air Pollution and Ambient Temperature: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Suicide and Associations with Air Pollution and Ambient Temperature: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Given health threats of climate change, a comprehensive review of the impacts of ambient temperature and ar pollution on suicide is needed. We performed systematic literature review and meta-analysis of suicide risks associated with short-term exposure to ambient temperature and air pollution. Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for English-language publications using relevant keywords. Observational studies assessing risks of daily suicide and suicide attempts associated with temperature, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) and ≤2.5 mm (PM2.5), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) were included. Data extraction was independently performed in duplicate. Random-effect meta-analysis was applied to pool risk ratios (RRs) for increases in daily suicide per interquartile range (IQR) increase in exposure. Meta-regression analysis was applied to examine effect modification by income level based on gross national income (GNI) per capita, national suicide rates, and average level of exposure factors. In total 2274 articles were screened, with 18 studies meeting inclusion criteria for air pollution and 32 studies for temperature. RRs of suicide per 7.1 °C temperature was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.13). RRs of suicide per IQR increase in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 were 1.02 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.05), 1.01 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.03), and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.07). O3, SO2, and CO were not associated with suicide. RR of suicide was significantly higher in higher-income than lower-income countries (1.09, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.11 and 1.20, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.26 per 7.1 °C increased temperature, respectively). Suicide risks associated with air pollution did not significantly differ by income level, national suicide rates, or average exposure levels. Research gaps were found for interactions between air pollution and temperature on suicide risks.
Suicide and Associations with Air Pollution and Ambient Temperature: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Temperature impacts on hate speech online: evidence from 4 billion geolocated tweets from the USA
Temperature impacts on hate speech online: evidence from 4 billion geolocated tweets from the USA
Our results highlight hate speech online as a potential channel through which temperature alters interpersonal conflict and societal aggression. We provide empirical evidence that hot and cold temperatures can aggravate aggressive tendencies online. The prevalence of the results across climatic and socioeconomic subgroups points to limitations in the ability of humans to adapt to temperature extremes.
Temperature impacts on hate speech online: evidence from 4 billion geolocated tweets from the USA
Learning is inhibited by heat exposure, both internationally and within the United States - Nature Human Behaviour
Learning is inhibited by heat exposure, both internationally and within the United States - Nature Human Behaviour
Combining standardized achievement data for 58 countries and 12,000 US school districts with detailed weather and academic calendar information, Park et al. show that the rate of learning decreases as the number of hot school days goes up.
Learning is inhibited by heat exposure, both internationally and within the United States - Nature Human Behaviour
Temperature and Low-Stakes Cognitive Performance | Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists: Vol 11, No 1
Temperature and Low-Stakes Cognitive Performance | Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists: Vol 11, No 1
Abstract This study offers some of the first evidence in a developing country context that transitory exposure to high temperatures may disrupt low-stakes cognitive activities across a range of age cohorts. By matching eight years of repeated cognitive tests among all the participants in a nationally representative longitudinal survey in China with weather data according to the exact time and geographic location of their assessment, we show that exposure to a temperature above 32°C on the test date, relative to a moderate day within 22°C–24°C, leads to a sizable decline in their math scores by 0.066 standard deviations (equivalent to 0.23 years of education). Further, the effect on the math test scores is more salient for individuals who are older or less educated.
Temperature and Low-Stakes Cognitive Performance | Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists: Vol 11, No 1
Temperature and Decisions: Evidence from 207,000 Court Cases
Temperature and Decisions: Evidence from 207,000 Court Cases
(April 2019) - We analyze the impact of outdoor temperature on high-stakes decisions (immigration adjudications) made by professional decision-makers (US immigration judges). In our preferred specification, which includes spatial, temporal, and judge fixed effects, and controls for various potential confounders, a 10°F degree increase in case-day temperature reduces decisions favorable to the applicant by 6.55 percent. This is despite judgements being made indoors, "protected" by climate control. Results are consistent with established links from temperature to mood and risk appetite and have important implications for evaluating the influence of climate on "cognitive output."
Temperature and Decisions: Evidence from 207,000 Court Cases