There are no console errors for malformed ARIA. There’s also no alert dialog, beeping sound, or flashing light for your operating system, browser, or assistive technology. This fact is yet another reason why it is so important to test with actual assistive technology.

What I found back then was that aria relationship attributes didn’t work when an element being referenced was outside the shadow DOM and the element referencing it was inside the shadow DOM, ditto for the opposite. It was same story for native HTML relationships as well. Fast forward to 11 years later, as in now! 2025, and the situation remains the same.

You could use standard HTML controls without all that stinking DOM darkness and encapsulation fandango fucking up your relationships. Defy the JavaScript industrial complex by any means necessary If this is not an option, then there are some ways you can work around these issues in some cases. A relatively simple example is provided:

So, there you have it. CSS Carousels are highly experimental, not currently accessible, and therefore, not ready for production.

The ARIA tooltip role is functionally useless and semantically meaningless. The only legitimate use-case for tooltips is to show information that’s already accessibly defined. So tooltips only benefit sighted users, and are therefore presentational.