The pH-responsive SmrR-SmrT system modulates C. difficile antimicrobial resistance, spore formation, and toxin production - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is an anaerobic gastrointestinal pathogen that spreads through the environment as dormant spores. To survive, replicate, and sporulate in the host intestine, C. difficile must adapt to a variety of conditions in its environment, including changes in pH, the ava …
Watery Diarrhea Is Not Always Clostridioides difficile: A Case Report of Aeromonas hydrophila Gastroenteritis - PubMed
Aeromonas species can cause acute gastroenteritis but are much less commonly observed in the hospital setting than other bacteria. Most cases of Aeromonas hydrophila gastroenteritis reported in the literature have occurred in pediatric, elderly, and/or immunocompromised patients. We pr …
Primary clostridium difficile infection in patients with ulcerative colitis: Case report and literature review - PubMed
We illustrate the potential effectiveness of this medication by presenting an in-depth case report of a patient with early-stage UC. The report outlines the patient inclusion of infliximab to better manage UC inflammation alongside an adjunct vancomycin regimen, given the ineffectiveness of mesalazi …
Intestinal bile acids provide a surmountable barrier against C. difficile TcdB-induced disease pathogenesis | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Intestinal bile acids play an essential role in the Clostridioides difficile lifecycle having been shown in vitro to modulate various aspects of pa...
The multiplicity of thioredoxin systems meets the specific lifestyles of Clostridia - PubMed
Cells are unceasingly confronted by oxidative stresses that oxidize proteins on their cysteines. The thioredoxin (Trx) system, which is a ubiquitous system for thiol and protein repair, is composed of a thioredoxin (TrxA) and a thioredoxin reductase (TrxB). TrxAs reduce disulfide bonds of oxidized p …
Statins aggravate insulin resistance through reduced blood glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in a microbiota-dependent manner - PubMed
Statins are currently the most common cholesterol-lowering drug, but the underlying mechanism of statin-induced hyperglycemia is unclear. To investigate whether the gut microbiome and its metabolites contribute to statin-associated glucose intolerance, we recruited 30 patients with atorvastatin and …
Characterizing the flavodoxin landscape in Clostridioides difficile - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile infections have become a major challenge in medical facilities. The bacterium is capable of spore formation allowing the survival of antibiotic treatment. Therefore, research on the physiology of C. difficile is important for the development of alternative trea …
Atypical Clostridium difficile Infection in a Pregnant Patient: A Case Study on Non-Diarrheal Presentation and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) Complication
Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a Gram-positive, spore-producing bacterium that often leads to pseudomembranous colitis, typically manifesting as watery diarrhea. The risk factors for C....
Exposure to prescribed medication in early life and impacts on gut microbiota and disease development - PubMed
The gut microbiota during early life plays a crucial role in infant development. This microbial-host interaction is also essential for metabolism, immunity, and overall human health in later life. Early-life pharmaceutical exposure, mainly referring to exposure during pregnancy, childbirth, and infa …
[A Case of Clostridium difficile Enteritis with Ileostomy for Rectal Cancer Surgery] - PubMed
A 74-year-old male presenting with bloody stools was diagnosed with advanced rectal cancer. He underwent robot- assisted low anterior resection and temporary ileostomy. Cefmetazole(CMZ)was administered during surgery and on postoperative day(POD)1. His postoperative course was generally good. On POD …
Structural and functional insight into the interaction of Clostridioides difficile toxin B and FZD7 - PubMed
The G protein-coupled receptors of the Frizzled (FZD) family, in particular FZD1,2,7, are receptors that are exploited by Clostridioides difficile toxin B (TcdB), the major virulence factor responsible for pathogenesis associated with Clostridioides difficile infection. We employ a live-c …
Exogenous butyrate inhibits butyrogenic metabolism and alters virulence phenotypes in Clostridioides difficile - PubMed
The gut microbiome engenders colonization resistance against the diarrheal pathogen Clostridioides difficile, but the molecular basis of this colonization resistance is incompletely understood. A prominent class of gut microbiome-produced metabolites important for colonization resistance agai …
Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile), a gram-positive anaerobic and spore-forming bacterium, is the leading cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhea in adults which is characterized by high levels of recurrence and mortality. Surface (S)-layer Protein A (SlpA), the most ab …
Antimicrobial Resistance of Clostridioides difficile in Children from a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital in Shanghai, China - PubMed
C. difficile isolates from children with reduced susceptibility to metronidazole and vancomycin are emerging in pediatric CDI in China. The lack of pCD-METRO plasmid and vanA/B associated with reduced antibiotic susceptibility suggests there are additional mechanisms of resistance.
The twists and turns of bacterial taxonomy occasionally throw up complications for
the infectious diseases community. Long established and familiar organisms are, from
the perspective of many medical practitioners, suddenly renamed for what might seem
to be arcane reasons that have little relevance to the management of disease. However,
if a name change is hastily adopted by medical practitioners there is the potential
for unintended consequences. For this reason, and a strong conservative instinct,
taxonomic changes can take a while to filter through to medical practice.
Defined microbial communities and their soluble products protect mice from Clostridioides difficile infection - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated infectious diarrhea. The development of C.difficile infection is tied to perturbations of the bacterial community in the gastrointestinal tract, called the gastrointestinal microbiota. Repairing the gastrointestinal microbiota by …
Starvation helps transition to abundance - a ferrosome story - PubMed
Iron is an essential nutrient for bacterial pathogenesis. In their study, Skaar and colleagues (Pi et al.) discovered and determined the detailed structure of ferrosomes within Clostridioides difficile, the iron-storage organelles that form under iron-limited conditions in anticipation of future iro …
Phase variation of flagella and toxins in Clostridioides difficile is mediated by selective Rho-dependent termination - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is an intestinal pathogen that exhibits phase variation of flagella and toxins though inversion of the flagellar (flg) switch controlling flagellar and toxin gene expression. The transcription termination factor Rho preferentially inhibits swimming motility of bacteria with …
Defined microbial communities and their soluble products protect mice from Clostridioides difficile infection
Communications Biology - An 18-member and a 4-member community consisting of commensal bacterial strains protected mice against C. difficile infection. The benefit of the 4-member community is...
Toxic Megacolon: A Sequelae of Clostridioides difficile Infection in a Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis
Necrotizing fasciitis is an illness that ascends quickly and affects the fascia, subcutaneous tissues, and deeper skin layers. To combat this infection, strong antibiotics are used along with pr...
Animal and In Vitro Models as Powerful Tools to Decipher the Effects of Enteric Pathogens on the Human Gut Microbiota - PubMed
Examining the interplay between intestinal pathogens and the gut microbiota is crucial to fully comprehend the pathogenic role of enteropathogens and their broader impact on human health. Valid alternatives to human studies have been introduced in laboratory practice to evaluate the effects of infec …
Platelets promote human macrophages-mediated macropinocytosis of Clostridioides difficile - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is the main causative agent of hospital-acquired diarrhea and the potentially lethal disease, C. difficile infection. The cornerstone of the current therapy is the use of antibiotics, which is not fully effective. The molecular mechanisms, inflammatory conditio …
Despite their therapeutic benefits, antibiotics exert collateral damage on the microbiome and promote antimicrobial resistance. However, the mechanisms governing microbiome recovery from antibiotics are poorly understood. Treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the world's most common infect …
Iron is arguably the most important nutrient in the ongoing battle between hosts and bacteria. Recently in Nature, a unique iron storage organelle, the ferrosome, was discovered in the human pathogen Clostridioides difficile.1 But what is the role of ferrosomes and how do they affect bact …
Prophage Carriage and Genetic Diversity within Environmental Isolates of Clostridioides difficile - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is an important human pathogen causing antibiotic-associated diarrhoea worldwide. Besides using antibiotics for treatment, the interest in bacteriophages as an alternative therapeutic option has increased. Prophage abundance and genetic diversity are well-documented i …