The concentration of C. diff toxins in the stool was linked to how sick patients were at the time of diagnosis and was associated with adverse outcomes, including the risk of infection returning after treatment.

Shared insight on how disruption of the gut microbiome may occur based on antibiotic exposure, environmental factors, and diet.

The State of the Science events allows experts to come together to update on recent research for CDI.

Teena Chopra, MD, MPH, professor of infectious diseases at Wayne State University, discussed the role of the microbiome in overall patient health and recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection.

People who respond well to the recommended dietary therapy of restricting intake of fermentable carbs for irritable bowel syndrome, or IBS for short, have an abundance of particular types of bacteria in their gut, reveals research published online in the journal Gut.

Scientists around the world have been working in earnest to improve understanding of an increasingly virulent superbug, Clostridium difficile. The highly contagious hospital-acquired pathogen, designated ...

Teena Chopra, MD, MPH, professor of infectious diseases at Wayne State University, addressed the relationship between gut microbiome and C. diff infection.

Shared insight on the prevalence of recurring Clostridioides difficile infection and management strategies.

US biologists have conducted a study to attain unprecedented insights into Clostridium difficile, an incredibly virulent superbug.

Research into the relationship between C. diff and IBD reveals inflammation creates a more conducive environment for harmful bacteria to thrive in the gut.

Healio Gastroenterology | I hope everyone is safe and well. The delta virus peak is surging in the Upper Midwest. Hopefully we will get a bit of a reprieve in the new year. This month’s cover story touches on the potential effects of the intestinal microbiome on our immune system. It stands to reason that what we eat can affect our microbiome, and those changes in turn could impact our immune system. The cover

While the gut is typically thought of as anoxic, there are two intersecting and decreasing oxygen gradients that are observed in the gut: oxygen decreases from the small to the large intestine and from the intestinal epithelium toward the colon lumen. Gut oxygen levels also increase following antibi …

Hospitalized CDI patients with NAFLD had more intestinal complications compared to CDI patients with VLD and ALD. Gut microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of intestinal complications.

As an anaerobe, Clostridioides difficile relies on the formation of a dormant spore for survival outside of the mammalian host's gastrointestinal tract. The spore is recalcitrant to desiccation, numerous disinfectants, UV light, and antibiotics, permitting long-term survival against environmental in …

Clostridioides difficile is an opportunistic pathogen that causes by a high rate of recurrent infections. Persistence in the gastrointestinal tract is thought to be mediated by sporulation and/or biofilm formation. There is an increase interest in C. difficile biofilm formation and recent findings h …

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.691039.].

Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile)-associated diarrhea is currently the most frequently occurring nosocomial diarrhea worldwide. During its infection cycle this pathogen needs to survive in phage-rich gut communities. Recent data strongly suggest that regulatory RNAs control g …

Despite appropriate infection control strategies in the burn intensive care unit, CDI remains prevalent in severe burn patients. Eventually, the overgrowth of A. muciniphila and the decreased abundance of F. prausnitzii in burn cases with CDI could be potential predictive microbiome biomarkers in bu …

CDI causes significant morbidity in patients with malignancies. A high qSOFA score and leukocytosis are significantly associated with high morbidity and thus should be used to prioritize and intensify inpatient care of these patients.

Clostridioides difficile is often resistant to the actions of antibiotics to treat other bacterial infections and the resulting C. difficile infection (CDI) is among the leading causes of nosocomial infectious diarrhea worldwide. The primary virulence mechanism contributing to CDI is the production of toxins. Treatment failures and recurrence of CDI have urged the medical community to search for novel treatment options. Strains that do not produce toxins, so called non-toxigenic C. difficile, have been known to colonize the colon and protect the host against CDI. In this review, a comprehensive description and comparison of the immune responses to toxigenic C. difficile and non-toxigenic adherence, and colonization factors, here called non-toxin proteins, is provided. This revealed a number of similarities between the host immune responses to toxigenic C. difficile and non-toxin proteins, such as the influx of granulocytes and the type of T-cell response. Differences may reflect genuine variation between the responses to toxigenic or non-toxigenic C. difficile or gaps in the current knowledge with respect to the immune response toward non-toxigenic C. difficile. Toxin-based and non-toxin-based immunization studies have been evaluated to further explore the role of B cells and reveal that plasma cells are important in protection against CDI. Since the success of toxin-based interventions in humans to date is limited, it is vital that future research will focus on the immune...

Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile or C. diff) is a bacterium that is normally present in the body in small numbers. However, disruption of the body’s

Background Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in recipients of solid organ transplant (SOT) or hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). In r...

Healio Gastroenterology | I hope everyone is safe and well. The delta virus peak is surging in the Upper Midwest. Hopefully we will get a bit of a reprieve in the new year. This month’s cover story touches on the potential effects of the intestinal microbiome on our immune system. It stands to reason that what we eat can affect our microbiome, and those changes in turn could impact our immune system. The cover

As we look back, we can certainly say that 2021 has been a productive year for gut microbiome research.

TcdB is a potent cytotoxin produced by pathogenic Clostridioides difficile that inhibits Rho GTPases by mono-glucosylation. TcdB enters cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis. The pathogenic glucosyltransferase domain (GTD) egresses endosomes by pH-mediated conformational changes, and is subsequent …

Interaction of Clostridioides difficile spores with the intestinal mucosa contributes to the persistence and recurrence of the infection. Advanced age is one of the main risk factors for C. difficile infection and recurrence of the disease. However, interaction of C. difficile spores with the intest …

COVID-19 patients were not at increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection. However, those already infected with C diff were more likely to experience severe outcomes.

Higher body mass index was seen as a protective factor for C difficile infections.

The panel reflects on how disruption of the gut microbiome leads to the proliferation of Clostridioides difficile.

The results are likely specific to areas without hypervirulent strains of Clostridioides difficile, such as Australia.