Some members of the Firmicutes phylum, including many members of the human gut microbiota, are able to differentiate a dormant and highly resistant cell type, the endospore (hereinafter spore for simplicity). Spore-formers can colonize virtually any habitat and, because of their resistance to a wide …
Characterization of community-acquired Clostridioides difficile strains in Israel, 2020-2022 - PubMed
C. difficile isolates in Israel community exhibit high ST diversity, with no dominant strain. Other factors may influence the clinical outcomes of CDI such as toxin production, antibiotic resistance and biofilm production. Further studies are needed to better understand the dynamics and influ …
Gut microbiota facilitate chronic spontaneous urticaria - PubMed
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) comes with gut dysbiosis, but its relevance remains elusive. Here we use metagenomics sequencing and short-chain fatty acids metabolomics and assess the effects of human CSU fecal microbial transplantation, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Roseburia hominis, and metabolites …
Concomitant Lymphocytic Colitis With Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection
Microscopic colitis is a clinicopathological diagnosis that is characterized by chronic microscopic inflammation of the colon and presents with chronic watery diarrhea. There are following two s...
Hyperbaric oxygen augments susceptibility to C. difficile infection by impairing gut microbiota ability to stimulate the HIF-1α-IL-22 axis in ILC3 - PubMed
Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is a well-established method for improving tissue oxygenation and is typically used for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions, including infectious diseases. However, its effect on the intestinal mucosa, a microenvironment known to be physiologically hypoxi …
Host Immune Responses to Clostridioides difficile Infection and Potential Novel Therapeutic Approaches - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading nosocomial infection, posing a substantial public health challenge within the United States and globally. CDI typically occurs in hospitalized elderly patients who have been administered antibiotics; however, there has been a rise in the o …
The impact of gut microbiome enterotypes on ulcerative colitis: identifying key bacterial species and revealing species co-occurrence networks using machine learning - PubMed
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease affecting the colon and rectum, with its pathogenesis attributed to genetic background, environmental factors, and gut microbes. This study aimed to investigate the role of enterotypes in UC by conducting a hierarchical analysis, d …
Intestinal bile acids provide a surmountable barrier against C. difficile TcdB-induced disease pathogenesis | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Intestinal bile acids play an essential role in the Clostridioides difficile lifecycle having been shown in vitro to modulate various aspects of pa...
Glycine fermentation by C. difficile promotes virulence and spore formation, and is induced by host cathelicidin | Infection and Immunity
Clostridioides difficile is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, spore-forming gastrointestinal pathogen that causes severe diarrheal disease which can lead to death (1). To cause disease, C. difficile spores must be ingested and germinate in the intestine upon exposure to bile salts and glycine (2). Upon the outgrowth of spores into vegetative cells, C. difficile colonizes the colon, using the available nutrients to replicate within the host. As the population increases and nutrients become scarce, C. difficile produces toxins (TcdA and TcdB), releasing additional nutrients and further altering the metabolic environment (3). In turn, host inflammation is induced, resulting in the release of immune effectors and the characteristic pathologies associated with C. difficile infections (4).
Shengjiang Xiexin decoction mitigates murine Clostridium difficile infection through modulation of the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism
The overuse of antibiotics has resulted in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) as a significant global public health concern. Studies have shown tha…
Liberation of host heme by Clostridioides difficile- mediated damage enhances Enterococcus faecalis fitness during infection - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile and Enterococcus faecalis are two pathogens of great public health importance. Both bacteria colonize the human gastrointestinal tract where they are known to interact in ways that worsen disease outcomes. We show that the damage associated with C. difficile …
The role of gut fungi in Clostridioides difficile infection - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile, the etiological agent of C. difficile infection (CDI), elicits a spectrum of diarrheal symptoms with varying severity and the potential to result in severe complications such as colonic perforation, pseudomembranous colitis, and toxic megacolon. The perturbation of gut micr …
Predictive value of fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin levels for negative outcomes in Clostridioides difficile infection - PubMed
By modifying the thresholds for assay positivity, the measurement of FC and FL at diagnosis is useful to predict recurrence and severity in CDI. Adding these biomarkers to current clinical scores may help to individualize CDI management.
Occult bacteremia in living donor liver transplantation: a prospective observational study of recipients and donors - PubMed
Occult bacteremia is a common condition that occurs in both donors and recipients. While occult bacteremia generally remains subclinical in the healthy population, there is potential risk of the development of an apparent post-LT infection in recipients who are highly immunosuppressed.
Periodontitis salivary microbiota exacerbates colitis-induced anxiety-like behavior via gut microbiota - PubMed
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the gut and central nervous system. Many host-related factors can affect gut microbiota, including oral bacteria, making the brain a vulnerable target via the gut-brain axis. Saliva contains a large number of oral bacteria, and perio …
Associations of motility and auto-aggregation with biofilm-formation capacity levels in Clostridioidesdifficile - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is responsible for one of the most common nosocomial infections worldwide. This work assessed associations between biofilm-formation capacity levels of C. difficile and cell viability, motility, flagella, motility and auto-aggregation in 118 clinical isolates. …
Gut liver brain axis in diseases: the implications for therapeutic interventions - PubMed
Gut-liver-brain axis is a three-way highway of information interaction system among the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and nervous systems. In the past few decades, breakthrough progress has been made in the gut liver brain axis, mainly through understanding its formation mechanism and increasing tr …
Longitudinal dynamics of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of acute graft-versus-host disease - PubMed
Dynamic changes in gut microbiota composition and related cytokines were found to be related to aGvHD, including pathogenic or protective changes. These findings suggested that manipulation of gut microbiota at different timepoints might be a promising avenue for preventing or treating this common c …
Engraftment of essential functions through multiple fecal microbiota transplants in chronic antibiotic-resistant pouchitis-a case study using metatranscriptomics - PubMed
Our study demonstrates the clear but short-lived activity engraftment of donor microbiota, particularly the butyrate biosynthesis after each FMT. The data suggest that FMT triggers shifts in the activity of patient microbiota towards health which need to be repeated to reach critical thresholds. As …
Gut microbiome-associated predictors as biomarkers of response to advanced therapies in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review - PubMed
Loss of response to therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has led to a surge in research focusing on precision medicine. Three systematic reviews have been published investigating the associations between gut microbiota and disease activity or IBD therapy. We performed a systematic review to i …
The Relationship Between the Microbiome and Antimicrobial Resistance - PubMed
Antibiotics have benefitted human health since their introduction nearly a century ago. However, the rise of antibiotic resistance may portend the dawn of the "post-antibiotic age." With the narrow pipeline for novel antimicrobials, we need new approaches to deal with the rise of multidrug resistant …
Clostridioides difficile canonical L,D-transpeptidases catalyse a novel type of peptidoglycan cross-links and are not required for beta-lactam resistance - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea worldwide with significant morbidity and mortality. This organism is naturally resistant to several beta-lactam antibiotics that inhibit the polymerisation of peptidoglycan, an essential component of the bacteria cell e …
Gut microbiota signatures and modulation in irritable bowel syndrome - PubMed
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects approximately one tenth of the general population and is characterized by abdominal pain associated with abnormalities in bowel habits. Visceral hypersensitivity, abnormal intestinal motor function, mucosal immune activation, and increased intestinal permeabili …
Modeling microbiota-associated human diseases: from minimal models to complex systems - PubMed
Alterations in the intestinal microbiota are associated with various human diseases of the digestive system, including obesity and its associated metabolic diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and colorectal cancer (CRC). All three diseases are characterized by modifications of the richness, …
Without a healthy gut, C. diff and other bacterial infections seize their chance
From work to your personal life, it’s important to find balance – and that certainly includes your gut. Clostridioides difficile, known as C. difficile or ...
