Iron is arguably the most important nutrient in the ongoing battle between hosts and bacteria. Recently in Nature, a unique iron storage organelle, the ferrosome, was discovered in the human pathogen Clostridioides difficile.1 But what is the role of ferrosomes and how do they affect bact …
Prophage Carriage and Genetic Diversity within Environmental Isolates of Clostridioides difficile - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is an important human pathogen causing antibiotic-associated diarrhoea worldwide. Besides using antibiotics for treatment, the interest in bacteriophages as an alternative therapeutic option has increased. Prophage abundance and genetic diversity are well-documented i …
Watery Diarrhea Is Not Always Clostridioides difficile: A Case Report of Aeromonas hydrophila Gastroenteritis
Aeromonas species can cause acute gastroenteritis but are much less commonly observed in the hospital setting than other bacteria. Most cases of Aeromonas hydrophila gastroenteritis reported in ...
The microbial-derived bile acid lithocholate and its epimers inhibit Clostridioides difficile growth and pathogenicity while sparing members of the gut microbiota | Journal of Bacteriology
In the search for a novel therapeutic that targets Clostridioides difficile, bile acids have become a viable solution. Epimers of bile acids are particularly attractive as they may provide protection against C. difficile while leaving the indigenous gut ...
Flagellin is essential for initial attachment to mucosal surfaces by Clostridioides difficile | Microbiology Spectrum
Clostridioides difficile is one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired infections worldwide and presents challenges in treatment due to recurrent gastrointestinal disease after treatment with antimicrobials. The mechanisms by which C. difficile ...
Clostridioides difficile infection after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for acute myocardial infarction: a case report - PubMed
In this case, temporary application of ECMO was applied, and the anti-infective treatment relied on the use of antibiotics at short-term, low-dose, and low CDI risk. Hence, the occurrence of CDI was considered an uncommon event, which may serve as a reference for future cases.
Membrane Vesicles of Clostridioides difficile and Other Clostridial Species - PubMed
Membrane vesicles are secreted by growing bacterial cells and are important components of the bacterial secretome, with a role in delivering effector molecules that ultimately enable bacterial survival. Membrane vesicles of Clostridioides difficile likely contribute to pathogenicity and is a new are …
Antibiotic Resistances of Clostridioides difficile - PubMed
The rapid evolution of antibiotic resistance in Clostridioides difficile and the consequent effects on prevention and treatment of C. difficile infections (CDIs) are a matter of concern for public health. Antibiotic resistance plays an important role in driving C. difficile epidemiology. Emergence o …
Comparative Genomics of Clostridioides difficile - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile, a Gram-positive spore-forming anaerobic bacterium, has rapidly emerged as the leading cause of nosocomial diarrhoea in hospitals. The availability of large numbers of genome sequences, mainly due to the use of next-generation sequencing methods, has undoubtedly shown their …
An Updated View on the Cellular Uptake and Mode-of-Action of Clostridioides difficile Toxins - PubMed
Research on the human gut pathogen Clostridioides (C.) difficile and its toxins continues to attract much attention as a consequence of the threat to human health posed by hypervirulent strains. Toxin A (TcdA) and Toxin B (TcdB) are the two major virulence determinants of C. difficile. Both are sing …
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), previously Clostridium difficile infection, is a symptomatic infection of the large intestine caused by the spore-forming anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium Clostridioides difficile. CDI is an important healthcare-associated disease worldwide, characterized …
Some members of the Firmicutes phylum, including many members of the human gut microbiota, are able to differentiate a dormant and highly resistant cell type, the endospore (hereinafter spore for simplicity). Spore-formers can colonize virtually any habitat and, because of their resistance to a wide …
Characterization of community-acquired Clostridioides difficile strains in Israel, 2020-2022 - PubMed
C. difficile isolates in Israel community exhibit high ST diversity, with no dominant strain. Other factors may influence the clinical outcomes of CDI such as toxin production, antibiotic resistance and biofilm production. Further studies are needed to better understand the dynamics and influ …
Gut microbiota facilitate chronic spontaneous urticaria - PubMed
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) comes with gut dysbiosis, but its relevance remains elusive. Here we use metagenomics sequencing and short-chain fatty acids metabolomics and assess the effects of human CSU fecal microbial transplantation, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Roseburia hominis, and metabolites …
Concomitant Lymphocytic Colitis With Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection
Microscopic colitis is a clinicopathological diagnosis that is characterized by chronic microscopic inflammation of the colon and presents with chronic watery diarrhea. There are following two s...
Hyperbaric oxygen augments susceptibility to C. difficile infection by impairing gut microbiota ability to stimulate the HIF-1α-IL-22 axis in ILC3 - PubMed
Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is a well-established method for improving tissue oxygenation and is typically used for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions, including infectious diseases. However, its effect on the intestinal mucosa, a microenvironment known to be physiologically hypoxi …
Host Immune Responses to Clostridioides difficile Infection and Potential Novel Therapeutic Approaches - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading nosocomial infection, posing a substantial public health challenge within the United States and globally. CDI typically occurs in hospitalized elderly patients who have been administered antibiotics; however, there has been a rise in the o …
The impact of gut microbiome enterotypes on ulcerative colitis: identifying key bacterial species and revealing species co-occurrence networks using machine learning - PubMed
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease affecting the colon and rectum, with its pathogenesis attributed to genetic background, environmental factors, and gut microbes. This study aimed to investigate the role of enterotypes in UC by conducting a hierarchical analysis, d …
Intestinal bile acids provide a surmountable barrier against C. difficile TcdB-induced disease pathogenesis | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Intestinal bile acids play an essential role in the Clostridioides difficile lifecycle having been shown in vitro to modulate various aspects of pa...
Glycine fermentation by C. difficile promotes virulence and spore formation, and is induced by host cathelicidin | Infection and Immunity
Clostridioides difficile is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, spore-forming gastrointestinal pathogen that causes severe diarrheal disease which can lead to death (1). To cause disease, C. difficile spores must be ingested and germinate in the intestine upon exposure to bile salts and glycine (2). Upon the outgrowth of spores into vegetative cells, C. difficile colonizes the colon, using the available nutrients to replicate within the host. As the population increases and nutrients become scarce, C. difficile produces toxins (TcdA and TcdB), releasing additional nutrients and further altering the metabolic environment (3). In turn, host inflammation is induced, resulting in the release of immune effectors and the characteristic pathologies associated with C. difficile infections (4).
Shengjiang Xiexin decoction mitigates murine Clostridium difficile infection through modulation of the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism
The overuse of antibiotics has resulted in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) as a significant global public health concern. Studies have shown tha…
Liberation of host heme by Clostridioides difficile- mediated damage enhances Enterococcus faecalis fitness during infection - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile and Enterococcus faecalis are two pathogens of great public health importance. Both bacteria colonize the human gastrointestinal tract where they are known to interact in ways that worsen disease outcomes. We show that the damage associated with C. difficile …
The role of gut fungi in Clostridioides difficile infection - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile, the etiological agent of C. difficile infection (CDI), elicits a spectrum of diarrheal symptoms with varying severity and the potential to result in severe complications such as colonic perforation, pseudomembranous colitis, and toxic megacolon. The perturbation of gut micr …
Predictive value of fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin levels for negative outcomes in Clostridioides difficile infection - PubMed
By modifying the thresholds for assay positivity, the measurement of FC and FL at diagnosis is useful to predict recurrence and severity in CDI. Adding these biomarkers to current clinical scores may help to individualize CDI management.
Occult bacteremia in living donor liver transplantation: a prospective observational study of recipients and donors - PubMed
Occult bacteremia is a common condition that occurs in both donors and recipients. While occult bacteremia generally remains subclinical in the healthy population, there is potential risk of the development of an apparent post-LT infection in recipients who are highly immunosuppressed.
Periodontitis salivary microbiota exacerbates colitis-induced anxiety-like behavior via gut microbiota - PubMed
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the gut and central nervous system. Many host-related factors can affect gut microbiota, including oral bacteria, making the brain a vulnerable target via the gut-brain axis. Saliva contains a large number of oral bacteria, and perio …