C Diff Molecular

Some families of mobile elements in bacterial genomes encode not only a transposase but also an accessory TnpB gene. This gene has been shown to encode an RNA-guided DNA endonuclease, co-evolving with Y1 transposase and serine recombinase in mobile elements IS605 and IS607. In this pap …

Clostridioides difficile, a nosocomial pathogen, is an emerging gut pathobiont causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea. C. difficile infection involves gut colonization and disruption of the gut epithelial barrier, leading to the induction of inflammatory/immune responses. The expressio …

Study showed how Enterococcus fine tunes the environment around C. diff, restricting some nutrients and supplying others, to increase its fitness and virulence.

Understanding the interactions between C. difficile and the human gut offers new opportunities for heading off potentially fatal infections.

Risk factors for extraintestinal CDI include prior hospital stay, prolonged antibiotic therapy, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, relative state of immunodeficiency such as malnutrition and diabetes mellitus, previous abdominal surgery especially following perforation and leak of intestinal content.P …

Given the high prevalence of intestinal disease in humans and animals, there is a strong need for clinically relevant models recapitulating gastrointestinal systems, ideally replacing in vivo models in accordance with the principles of the 3R. We established a canine organoid system and analysed the …

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a human herpes-type virus with variable clinical manifestations. Infections in immunocompetent patients are usually asymptomatic or mild, and severe infections are gener...

Given the high prevalence of intestinal disease in humans and animals, there is a strong need for clinically relevant models recapitulating gastrointestinal systems, ideally replacing in vivo models in accordance with the principles of the 3R. We established a canine organoid system and analysed the …

Clostridioides difficile, a nosocomial pathogen, is an emerging gut pathobiont causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea. C. difficile infection involves gut colonization and disruption of the gut epithelial barrier, leading to the induction of inflammatory/immune responses. The expressio …

Diarrhea remains a common problem in clinical practice and attention must be paid to modifiable risk factors. Further research is needed on interventions to decrease its burden.

Risk factors for extraintestinal CDI include prior hospital stay, prolonged antibiotic therapy, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, relative state of immunodeficiency such as malnutrition and diabetes mellitus, previous abdominal surgery especially following perforation and leak of intestinal content.P …

Clostridioides difficile is the major cause of nosocomial diarrhea, which are associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis. Biofilms of C. difficile have been progressively linked to the pathogenesis of this bacterium and the recurrences of its infections. Though the number of conditions in which C. difficile biofilms are being produced is increasing, little is known about how and when biofilms are formed in the gut. Here we report that succinate, a metabolite abundantly produced by the dysbiotic gut microbiota, induces in vitro biofilm formation of C. difficile strains. We characterized the morphology and spatial composition of succinate-induced biofilms, and compared to non-induced or deoxycholate-induced biofilms, biofilms induced by succinate are significantly thicker, structurally more complex, and poorer in proteins and exopolysaccharides (EPS). We then applied transcriptomics and genetics to characterize the early stages of succinate-induced biofilm formation and we showed that succinate-induced biofilm results from major metabolic shifts and cell-wall composition changes. Similar to deoxycholate-induced biofilms, biofilms induced by succinate depend on the presence of a rapidly metabolized sugar. Finally, although succinate can be consumed by the bacteria, we found that the extracellular succinate is in fact responsible for the induction of biofilm formation through complex regulation involving global metabolic regulators and the osmotic stress response. In the context of human gut dysbiosis, succinate can limit bacterial infections through the control of innate immune responses. Collectively, our results suggest that succinate is an intestinal signal which can drive the biofilm formation and persistence of C. difficile in the gut and increase the risk of relapse. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

Following treatment with penicillin V, we observed decreased susceptibility to ampicillin and third-generation cephalosporins, and prolonged colonization with non-Escherichia coli Gram-negative species. These findings challenge the perception that penicillin V has limited ecological effect on …

Cell wall glycopolymers (CWPGs) in Gram-positive bacteria have been reported to be involved in several bacterial processes. These polymers, pillars for proteins and S-layer, are essential for the bacterial surface setup, could be essential for growth, and, in pathogens, participate most often in vir …

BMI of an individual does not appear to be associated with the severity of CDI.

Risk factors for extraintestinal CDI include prior hospital stay, prolonged antibiotic therapy, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, relative state of immunodeficiency such as malnutrition and diabetes mellitus, previous abdominal surgery especially following perforation and leak of intestinal content.P …

IBD patients with CDI had pronounced microbial dysbiosis. Gut micro-ecological changes in IBD patients with CDI might provide insight into the pathological process and potential strategies for diagnosis and treatment in this subset of patients.

The global coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused significant morbidity and mortality, thoroughly affected daily living, and caused severe economic disruption throughout the world. Pulmonary symptoms predominate and account for most of the associated morbidity and mortality. However …

Patients with COVID-19 and CDI had a higher incidence of sepsis, shock, ICU admission, and acute kidney injuries.

The results show similar rates o colonized C difficile among pediatric patients and adult patients with cystic fibrosis.

Clostridioides difficile infection develops following ingestion of virulent stains by a susceptible host. Once germinated, toxins TcdA and TcdB, and in some of the strains binary toxin, are secreted, eliciting disease. Bile acids play a significant role in the process of spore germination and outgro …

HCV RNA positivity was significantly more prevalent in the male patient than it was for females in both adults and the general population after excluding high-risk groups.

AbstractBackground. Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) immune response is influenced by the innate and adaptive (humoral) immune systems. Our prior resear

An original article published in Cureus has concluded that there is a significant novel association between C. difficile and reduced incidence of Prostate Cancer (PC).Clostridium difficile is a...

New research from the University of Virginia School of Medicine and collaborators reveals how microorganisms found in our guts can worsen dangerous C. difficile infections.

Antibiotic-resistant infections are a major threat to global public health and there is an urgent need to develop new drugs and interventions to treat…

Depression affects at least 322 million people globally, or approximately 4.4% of the world's population. While the earnestness of researchers and cli…

Call for experts! 🗣️🦠The #HumanMicrobiomeAction project @SciFoodHealth is inviting experts in microbiome-based biomarker development to participate in a Delphi survey! https://t.co/hQ7Kf0RhLc— GutMicrobiota Health (@GMFHx) February 16, 2023

Prevalence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has been shown to vary markedly between European countries, both in hospitals and the community. Determining the true prevalence has proven challenging. Without systematic testing in hospitals, the unchecked transmission of CDI can lead to large outbreaks in more susceptible cohorts.We investigate the success of CDI surveillance and control measures across Europe, by examining the dynamics of disease spread from the community into a hospital setting.