Penicillin Binding Protein Substitutions Cooccur with Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Epidemic Lineages of Multidrug-Resistant Clostridioides difficile - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile remains a key cause of healthcare-associated infection, with multidrug-resistant (MDR) lineages causing high-mortality (≥20%) outbreaks. Cephalosporin treatment is a long-established risk factor, and antimicrobial stewardship is a key control. A mechanism underlying raised c …
Mechanism of germination inhibition of Clostridioides difficile spores by an aniline substituted cholate derivative (CaPA) - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the major identifiable cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and has been declared an urgent threat by the CDC. C. difficile forms dormant and resistant spores that serve as infectious vehicles for CDI. To cause disease, C. difficile spores recognize tau …
Mechanism of germination inhibition of Clostridioides difficile spores by an aniline substituted cholate derivative (CaPA)
The Journal of Antibiotics - Mechanism of germination inhibition of Clostridioides difficile spores by an aniline substituted cholate derivative (CaPA)
#Cdiff is anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium that exists in both vegetative and spore forms. #GITwitter #IDTwitter #guthealth pic.twitter.com/dShF4xROao— Microbiome Science (@MbiomeScience) April 2, 2023
Checkpoint Inhibitor Colitis With Superimposed Clostridioides difficile Infection
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are commonly used for various malignancies. A particular checkpoint inhibitor is the anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab. Immune-mediated diarrhea and colitis (IM...
Dormant Crohn's Disease Reactivated by Clostridioides difficile Infection
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by chronic transmural inflammation of any portion of the gastrointestinal tract. The etiology of CD remains unkno...
Checkpoint Inhibitor Colitis With Superimposed Clostridioides difficile Infection
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are commonly used for various malignancies. A particular checkpoint inhibitor is the anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab. Immune-mediated diarrhea and colitis (IM...
“Recent findings show infants born to mothers with IBD present with altered gut microbiome that transfers abnormalities of the adaptive immune system to germ-free mice.
Learn more on this podcast with experts:
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Genetic diversity of C. difficile, a particularly problematic pathogen
Researchers have used a systems biology approach to parse the genetic diversity of Clostridioides difficile, a particularly problematic pathogen, particularly in health care settings.
Teams identifies protein characteristics in three bacteria that convey antibiotic resistance
Antibiotic resistance (ARE) is a threat to human health worldwide, as diverse proteins allow pathogenic bacteria to develop increasing levels of resistance to antibiotic medicines. Now, a team from the ...
Non-Toxigenic Clostridioides difficile Strain E4 (NTCD-E4) Prevents Establishment of Primary C. difficile Infection by Epidemic PCR Ribotype 027 in an In Vitro Human Gut Model - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) remains a significant healthcare burden. Non-toxigenic C. difficile (NTCD) strains have shown a benefit in preventing porcine enteritis and in human recurrent CDI. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of metronidazole-resistant NTCD-E4 in pr …
Colitis as the Main Presentation of COVID-19: A Case Report - PubMed
The main symptoms of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are fever, cough, tiredness, and loss of smell and taste. Gastrointestinal symptoms are less common. A 38-year-old female patient, previously healthy, presented with a history of hematochezia up to 8 times per day, followed by abdominal cramps, urg …
Culture-independent metagenomic studies have revolutionized our understanding of the gut microbiota.Scientists present a substantially expanded Cultivated Genome Reference of the human gut microbiota with 179 previously unidentified species:https://t.co/teyjbpcQ8g— GutMicrobiota Health (@GMFHx) March 28, 2023
Novel Biomarkers, Including tcdB PCR Cycle Threshold, for Predicting Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection - PubMed
Traditional clinical models for predicting recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection do not perform well, likely owing to the complex host-pathogen interactions involved. Accurate risk stratification using novel biomarkers could help prevent recurrence by improving underutilization of effective t …
Rapid visualization of Clostridioides difficile toxins A and B by multiplex RPA combined with CRISPR-Cas12a - PubMed
In conclusion, the CRISPR-based double toxin gene detection platform for C. difficile is an effective, specific, and sensitive detection method, which can be used as a powerful on-site detection tool for POCT in the future.
Hadza Prevotella Require Diet-derived Microbiota Accessible Carbohydrates to Persist in Mice
Industrialization has transformed the gut microbiota, reducing the prevalence of Prevotella relative to Bacteroides . Here, we isolate Bacteroides and Prevotella strains from the microbiota of Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania, a population with high levels of Prevotella . We demonstrate that plant-derived microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) are required for persistence of Prevotella copri but not Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in vivo . Differences in carbohydrate metabolism gene content, expression, and in vitro growth reveal that Hadza Prevotella strains specialize in degrading plant carbohydrates, while Hadza Bacteroides isolates use both plant and host-derived carbohydrates, a difference mirrored in Bacteroides from non-Hadza populations. When competing directly, P. copri requires plant-derived MACs to maintain colonization in the presence of B. thetaiotaomicron , as a no MAC diet eliminates P. copri colonization. Prevotella’s reliance on plant-derived MACs and Bacteroides’ ability to use host mucus carbohydrates could explain the reduced prevalence of Prevotella in populations consuming a low-MAC, industrialized diet.
Statement on work with indigenous communities In order to acquire scientific knowledge that accurately represents all human populations, rather than only reflecting and benefiting those in industrialized nations, it is necessary to involve indigenous populations in research in a legal, ethical, and non-exploitative manner ([Abdill et al., 2022][1]; [Green et al., 2020][2]). Here, we isolated live bacterial strains from anonymized fecal samples collected from Hadza hunter-gatherers in 2013/2014 ([Fragiadakis et al., 2019][3]; [Merrill et al., 2022][4]; [Smits et al., 2017][5]). Samples were collected with permission from the Tanzanian government, National Institute of Medical Research (MR/53i 100/83, NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol.IX/1542), the Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology, and with aid from Tanzanian scientists. A material transfer agreement with the National Institute for Medical Research in Tanzania specifies that collected samples are solely to be used for academic purposes. For more information on the consent practices followed, and our ongoing work to communicate the results of these projects to the Hadza, please see ([Merrill et al., 2022][4]; [Olm et al., 2022][6]).
### Competing Interest Statement
J.L.S. is a co-founder, shareholder, and on the scientific advisory board of Novome Biotechnologies and Interface Biosciences.
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Gene network interaction analysis to elucidate the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in the Clostridiumdifficile - PubMed
Antimicrobial resistance has caused chaos worldwide due to the depiction of multidrug-resistant (MDR) infective microorganisms. A thorough examination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and associated resistant mechanisms is vital to solving this problem. Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is …
Structural Basis for Binding of Neutralizing Antibodies to Clostridioides difficile Binary Toxin - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is a Gram-positive opportunistic human pathogen that causes 15,000 deaths annually in the United States, prompting a need for vaccine development. In addition to the important toxins TcdA and TcdB, binary toxin (CDT) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of certain C. …
Clostridioides difficile aggravates dextran sulfate solution (DSS)-induced colitis by shaping the gut microbiota and promoting neutrophil recruitment - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is a pathogen contributing to increased morbidity and mortality of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To determine how C. difficile affects the severity of colitis, we constructed a dextran sulfate solution-induced colitis model challenged with …
Bile salt analog prevents C. diff infection in mice, advancing work to stop killer bacterium
A bile salt analog prevented Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in mice, pointing to a potential way to minimize the impact of a bacterium that kills 20,000 people a year.
Case of Pseudomembranous Colitis Caused by a Clostridioides difficile Infection Concomitant with Cytomegalovirus colitis Mimicking Ischemic Colitis - PubMed
A Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is one of the major nosocomial diarrheal diseases. Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is a characteristic endoscopic finding of CDI, manifested by white or yellowish plaque covering the colonic mucosa. Ischemic colitis is inflammation of the colon manife …
Preservation of the Innate Immune Response to Clostridioides difficile Infection in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients - PubMed
In this small exploratory analysis, ICH status did not significantly impact blood and fecal patterns of cytokines in humans at the diagnosis of CDI, suggesting that the innate immune response to C difficile may be conserved in immunocompromised patients.
How do commensal gut microbes resist #Cdiff colonization? #GITwitter #IDTwitter #guthealth pic.twitter.com/7yHJrlfFWK— Microbiome Science (@MbiomeScience) March 22, 2023
Primase is required for helicase activity and helicase alters the specificity of primase in the enteropathogen Clostridium difficile
DNA replication is an essential and conserved process in all domains of life and may serve as a target for the development of new antimicrobials. However, such developments are hindered by subtle mechanistic differences and limited understanding of DNA ...
Actively replicating gut bacteria identified by 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) click chemistry and cell sorting
The composition of the intestinal bacterial community is well described, but recent research suggests that the metabolism of these bacteria plays a larger role in health than which species are pres...
Microbial diversity and antimicrobial resistance in faecal samples from acute medical patients assessed through metagenomic sequencing - PubMed
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a threat to global public health. However, unsatisfactory approaches to directly measuring the AMR burden carried by individuals has hampered efforts to assess interventions aimed at reducing selection for AMR. Metagenomics can provide accurate detection and quantif …
Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-current status - PubMed
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and also associated with increased cardiovascular disease mortality. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is not fully understood, although NAFLD is thought to be a hep …
Microbial diversity and antimicrobial resistance in faecal samples from acute medical patients assessed through metagenomic sequencing - PubMed
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a threat to global public health. However, unsatisfactory approaches to directly measuring the AMR burden carried by individuals has hampered efforts to assess interventions aimed at reducing selection for AMR. Metagenomics can provide accurate detection and quantif …
The investigators found the risk of hospital-acquired Clostridioides difficile (CDI) infection increased when a hospital switched to serving only coronavirus disease 2019 patients.
