Periodontitis salivary microbiota exacerbates colitis-induced anxiety-like behavior via gut microbiota - PubMed
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the gut and central nervous system. Many host-related factors can affect gut microbiota, including oral bacteria, making the brain a vulnerable target via the gut-brain axis. Saliva contains a large number of oral bacteria, and perio …
Associations of motility and auto-aggregation with biofilm-formation capacity levels in Clostridioidesdifficile - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is responsible for one of the most common nosocomial infections worldwide. This work assessed associations between biofilm-formation capacity levels of C. difficile and cell viability, motility, flagella, motility and auto-aggregation in 118 clinical isolates. …
Gut liver brain axis in diseases: the implications for therapeutic interventions - PubMed
Gut-liver-brain axis is a three-way highway of information interaction system among the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and nervous systems. In the past few decades, breakthrough progress has been made in the gut liver brain axis, mainly through understanding its formation mechanism and increasing tr …
Longitudinal dynamics of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of acute graft-versus-host disease - PubMed
Dynamic changes in gut microbiota composition and related cytokines were found to be related to aGvHD, including pathogenic or protective changes. These findings suggested that manipulation of gut microbiota at different timepoints might be a promising avenue for preventing or treating this common c …
Engraftment of essential functions through multiple fecal microbiota transplants in chronic antibiotic-resistant pouchitis-a case study using metatranscriptomics - PubMed
Our study demonstrates the clear but short-lived activity engraftment of donor microbiota, particularly the butyrate biosynthesis after each FMT. The data suggest that FMT triggers shifts in the activity of patient microbiota towards health which need to be repeated to reach critical thresholds. As …
Gut microbiome-associated predictors as biomarkers of response to advanced therapies in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review - PubMed
Loss of response to therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has led to a surge in research focusing on precision medicine. Three systematic reviews have been published investigating the associations between gut microbiota and disease activity or IBD therapy. We performed a systematic review to i …
The Relationship Between the Microbiome and Antimicrobial Resistance - PubMed
Antibiotics have benefitted human health since their introduction nearly a century ago. However, the rise of antibiotic resistance may portend the dawn of the "post-antibiotic age." With the narrow pipeline for novel antimicrobials, we need new approaches to deal with the rise of multidrug resistant …
Clostridioides difficile canonical L,D-transpeptidases catalyse a novel type of peptidoglycan cross-links and are not required for beta-lactam resistance - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea worldwide with significant morbidity and mortality. This organism is naturally resistant to several beta-lactam antibiotics that inhibit the polymerisation of peptidoglycan, an essential component of the bacteria cell e …
Gut microbiota signatures and modulation in irritable bowel syndrome - PubMed
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects approximately one tenth of the general population and is characterized by abdominal pain associated with abnormalities in bowel habits. Visceral hypersensitivity, abnormal intestinal motor function, mucosal immune activation, and increased intestinal permeabili …
Modeling microbiota-associated human diseases: from minimal models to complex systems - PubMed
Alterations in the intestinal microbiota are associated with various human diseases of the digestive system, including obesity and its associated metabolic diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and colorectal cancer (CRC). All three diseases are characterized by modifications of the richness, …
Without a healthy gut, C. diff and other bacterial infections seize their chance
From work to your personal life, it’s important to find balance – and that certainly includes your gut. Clostridioides difficile, known as C. difficile or ...
Diversification of division mechanisms in endospore-forming bacteria revealed by analyses of peptidoglycan synthesis in Clostridioides difficile
Nature Communications - The enzymes FtsW and FtsI are thought to be essential for the synthesis of septal peptidoglycan (PG) during bacterial cell division. Here, Shrestha et al. show that the...
Clostridioides difficile infection leading to fulminant colitis with toxic megacolon - PubMed
Clostridioidesdifficile infection (CDI) is the culprit of millions of nosocomial infections in the United States. Programs that successfully decrease its incidence, therefore, render cost savings for the healthcare system. Toxic megacolon and perforation are two of the most significant compli …
Unveiling the inhibition mechanism of Clostridioides difficile by Bifidobacterium longum via multiomics approach - PubMed
Antibiotic-induced gut microbiota disruption constitutes a major risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Further, antibiotic therapy, which is the standard treatment option for CDI, exacerbates gut microbiota imbalance, thereby causing high recurrent CDI incidence. Consequen …
Endoscopic and histopathological hints on infections in patients of common variable immunodeficiency disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms - BMC Gastroenterology
Background and aims Common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID) patients may have gastrointestinal (GI) involvement and suffer from infections, which are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological features of CVID patients with GI symptoms and determine their correlation with infections. Methods We performed a retrospective study on 21 CVID patients with GI symptoms who underwent endoscopic examination in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2000 to 2020. The clinical, infectious, endoscopic, and histopathological features were reassessed. Results Chronic diarrhea was the most prevalent GI symptom, observed in 95.2% of our CVID cohort. Over 85% of patients had low body weight and malabsorption. Small bowel villous atrophy was found in 90.5% of patients under endoscopy and mostly confirmed by histopathology. GI infections were identified in 9 (42.9%) patients. Of these, 7 patients with diffuse and obvious nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) of small bowel under endoscopy had significantly higher infection rate (85.7% vs 21.4%, p
Identification of an anti-CRISPR protein that inhibits the CRISPR-Cas type I-B system in Clostridioides difficile - PubMed
Clostridioides difficile is the widespread anaerobic spore-forming bacterium that is a major cause of potentially lethal nosocomial infections associated with antibiotic therapy worldwide. Due to the increase in severe forms associated with a strong inflammatory response and higher recurrence …
Multi-omics analysis of hospital-acquired diarrhoeal patients reveals biomarkers of enterococcal proliferation and Clostridioides difficile infection
Nature Communications - Antibiotics can cause hospital-acquired diarrhoea, resulting in gut microbiota and metabolome changes. Here, the authors study the faecal microbiota and metabolome of 169...
Trauma and toxic substances are connected in several aspects. On the one hand, toxic substances can be the reason for traumatic injuries in the context of accidental or violent and criminal circumstances. Examples for the first scenario is the release of toxic gases, chemicals, and particles during …
A Colonic Organoid Model Challenged with the Large Toxins of Clostridioides difficile TcdA and TcdB Exhibit Deregulated Tight Junction Proteins - PubMed
Adult stem cell-derived human colonic organoid monolayers were applicable as a colon infection model for electrophysiological measurements. The TJ changes noted can explain the epithelial barrier dysfunction and diarrhea in patients, as well as increased entry of luminal antigens triggering inflamma …
Novel C. diff structures are required for infection, offer new therapeutic targets
Newly discovered iron storage 'ferrosomes' inside the bacterium C. diff -- the leading cause of hospital-acquired infections -- are important for infection in an animal model and could offer new targets for antibacterial drugs. They also represent a rare demonstration of a membrane-bound structure inside a pathogenic bacterium, upsetting the biological dogma that bacteria do not contain organelles.
Organelles protect Clostridioides difficile from iron overdose
The bacterium Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) forms organelles that help them defend against iron in the colon. According to a group of scientists from Vanderbilt University, this pathogen, which causes serious gastrointestinal infections, expresses fez genes to build structures called ferrosomes that store excess iron that is toxic to it. Its ferrosomes are surrounded by membrane and could be a target against this microorganism.
Analyzing Microbiome Diversity and Secondary Bile Acid Synthesis Following SER-109 Administration
A study demonstrates the microbiome changes and how restoration of the gut flora is warranted when patients are dealing with recurrent bouts of the health care-associated infection.
Engineered Secretory Immunoglobulin A provides insights on antibody-based effector mechanisms targeting Clostridiodes difficile - PubMed
Secretory (S) Immunoglobin (Ig) A is the predominant mucosal antibody, which mediates host interactions with commensal and pathogenic microbes, including Clostridioides difficile . SIgA adopts a polymeric IgA structure that is bound by secretory component (SC). Despite significance, how SIgA …
Clostridioides difficile PCR ribotypes 001 and 084 can trigger autophagy process in human intestinal Caco-2 cells - PubMed
Autophagy is a homeostatic process that can promote cell survival or death. However, the exact role of autophagy in Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is still not precisely elucidated. Here, we investigate the role of distinct C. difficile ribotypes (RTs) in autophagy induction using Caco-2 c …
Clostridioides difficile utilizes siderophores as an iron source and FhuDBGC contributes to ferrichrome uptake - PubMed
This study is the first example of C. difficile growing with siderophores as the sole iron source and describes the characterization of the ferric hydroxamate uptake ABC transporter (FhuDBGC). This transporter shows specificity to the siderophore ferrichrome. While not required for pathogenes …
Pro-Survival Pathway Protects from C. difficile Toxin-Mediated Cell Death - PubMed
There is an urgent need for new non-antibiotic based treatment strategies for Clostridioides difficile infection. C. difficile toxin B (TcdB) is a virulent factor that is essential for causing disease. Here, we investigated whether a survival-signaling pathway could protect against TcdB. We found si …
Nature - Ferrosome organelles produced by Clostridioides difficile are required to support colonization of the inflamed gut, highlighting the potential of targeting ferrosome formation as an...
Novel C. diff structures are required for infection, offer new therapeutic targets
Vanderbilt research discovers that iron storage “spheres” inside the bacterium C. diff — the leading cause of hospital-acquired infections — are important for infection in an animal model and could offer new targets for antibacterial drugs.
