H5N1 Flu

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Reverse genetics-derived cattle H5N1 virus from Clade 2.3.4.4b shows enhanced systemic infectivity and pathogenicity than an older Clade 1 H5N1 virus in BALB/c mice - PubMed
Reverse genetics-derived cattle H5N1 virus from Clade 2.3.4.4b shows enhanced systemic infectivity and pathogenicity than an older Clade 1 H5N1 virus in BALB/c mice - PubMed
The newly emerged avian influenza A H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b can infect dairy cows and shed live virus in their milk. Sporadic cattle-to-human infections have been reported, highlighting the urgent need to understand its pathogenesis in mammals. Using both non-lactating and lactating BALB/c mice, we exam …
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Reverse genetics-derived cattle H5N1 virus from Clade 2.3.4.4b shows enhanced systemic infectivity and pathogenicity than an older Clade 1 H5N1 virus in BALB/c mice - PubMed
Exposure and survival of wild raptors during the 2022-2023 highly pathogenic influenza a virus outbreak - PubMed
Exposure and survival of wild raptors during the 2022-2023 highly pathogenic influenza a virus outbreak - PubMed
The global outbreak of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic influenza A virus (HP H5N1) has had an unprecedented impact on wild birds including raptors, but long-term population impacts have not been addressed. To determine if raptors survive infections with HP H5N1, raptors from the upper Midwest …
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Exposure and survival of wild raptors during the 2022-2023 highly pathogenic influenza a virus outbreak - PubMed
Risk Assessment of Spread of the Influenza A Virus in Cows in South Bulgaria - PubMed
Risk Assessment of Spread of the Influenza A Virus in Cows in South Bulgaria - PubMed
In this article, we present an assessment of the risk of the potential introduction and spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in cows in Bulgaria. In the spring of 2024, we witnessed an unprecedented spread of the virus in dairy herds in the USA. This crossing of interspecies barriers b …
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Risk Assessment of Spread of the Influenza A Virus in Cows in South Bulgaria - PubMed
Examining avian influenza virus exposure in seabirds of the northwest Atlantic in 2022 and 2023 via antibodies in eggs - PubMed
Examining avian influenza virus exposure in seabirds of the northwest Atlantic in 2022 and 2023 via antibodies in eggs - PubMed
Seabirds are frequently infected by avian influenza virus (AIV), which prior to 2021 primarily consisted of low-pathogenic AIV with limited reports of disease during infection. However, since highly pathogenic AIV (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b was introduced to North America in late 2021, HPAIV outbre …
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Examining avian influenza virus exposure in seabirds of the northwest Atlantic in 2022 and 2023 via antibodies in eggs - PubMed
How do scientists know if individual wild birds are infected with avian influenza?
How do scientists know if individual wild birds are infected with avian influenza?
The U.S. Department of Agriculture implements a plan every year to monitor wild birds for highly pathogenic avian influenza. This national plan could not be implemented without the engagement of State partners, the National Flyway Council, the Department of the Interior, and other agencies. This coordinated effort is revised annually based on new science and data shared through the Interagency Steering Committee for Avian Influenza Surveillance in Wild Migratory Birds. Biological samples from hundreds of thousands of live-captured, apparently healthy wild birds; hunter-harvested birds; and dead wild birds contribute to these surveillance efforts. The USGS National Wildlife Health Center is USDA’s primary partner for testing sick and dead migratory birds for avian influenza.Learn more: USGS science on avian influenza
·usgs.gov·
How do scientists know if individual wild birds are infected with avian influenza?
Epidemiological Update - Avian Influenza A(H5N1) in the Americas Region - 4 March 2025
Epidemiological Update - Avian Influenza A(H5N1) in the Americas Region - 4 March 2025
Since 2022 and as of epidemiological week (EW) 8 of 2025, a total of 19 countries and territories in the Americas Region reported 4,713 animal outbreaks of avian influenza A(H5N1) to the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH), representing 325 additional outbreaks, since the last epidemiological update published by the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) on 24 January 2025.
·paho.org·
Epidemiological Update - Avian Influenza A(H5N1) in the Americas Region - 4 March 2025
Many H5N1 questions still unanswered
Many H5N1 questions still unanswered
Michigan epidemiological investigation finds shared personnel, vehicles and frequent visitors are potential risk factors for dairy and poultry avian influenza transmission.
·feedstuffs.com·
Many H5N1 questions still unanswered
A looming global threat: H5N1 virus decimates wildlife, disrupts ecosystems and endangers human health
A looming global threat: H5N1 virus decimates wildlife, disrupts ecosystems and endangers human health
We live in an era when human activities are negatively modifying the world at alarming rates. We are experiencing a massive species extinction due to environmental damage caused by human land use change, overexploitation, pollution, climate change, and the introduction of invasive species.
·phys.org·
A looming global threat: H5N1 virus decimates wildlife, disrupts ecosystems and endangers human health
China Warns Citizens About Bird Flu Infection in Humans
China Warns Citizens About Bird Flu Infection in Humans
Major cities in China including Beijing and Shanghai have a warning for their citizens: cases of bird flu inflecting humans are on the rise. Despite that, the Chinese CDC still failed to give details on the emerging public health concern.
·ntd.com·
China Warns Citizens About Bird Flu Infection in Humans
Effect of Prior Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Infection on Pathogenesis and Transmission of Human Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Ferret Model - PubMed
Effect of Prior Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Infection on Pathogenesis and Transmission of Human Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Ferret Model - PubMed
Reports of human infections with influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses associated with outbreaks in dairy cows in the United States underscore the need to assess the potential cross-protection conferred by existing influenza immunity. We serologically evaluated ferrets previously infected with an …
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Effect of Prior Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Infection on Pathogenesis and Transmission of Human Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Ferret Model - PubMed
Genome-wide siRNA library screening identifies human host factors that influence the replication of the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus - PubMed
Genome-wide siRNA library screening identifies human host factors that influence the replication of the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus - PubMed
The global dissemination of H5 avian influenza viruses represents a significant threat to both human and animal health. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide siRNA library screening against the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus, leading us to the identification of 457 cellular cofactors (44 …
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Genome-wide siRNA library screening identifies human host factors that influence the replication of the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus - PubMed
H5N1 avian influenza: technical solutions, political challenges
H5N1 avian influenza: technical solutions, political challenges
It has been almost 1 year since the detection of an unprecedented spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in dairy cows in the USA. Although there is still no evidence of human-to-human transmission and human deaths have been rare, concern over the potential impacts on human health remains high. The B3.13 genotype has predominated in cattle and human beings, causing largely mild disease, but there have been worrying recent developments. In the past couple of months a new genotype, D1.1, resulted in the death of a person in Louisiana—the first death in the USA from H5N1—while a teenager in Canada was critically ill for several months.
·thelancet.com·
H5N1 avian influenza: technical solutions, political challenges